Lesson video

Hello, everybody.

My name is Mrs. Johnson.

I am so excited to be here today to help you with some of your maths learning.

I hope you're ready to work hard and have lots of fun.

Let's see what we're going to be learning about today.

This lesson is called Giving Directions and Describing Turns.

It comes from the unit position and direction, including fractions of turns.

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to give directions that include left and right turns and recognise whole, half, and quarter turns.

Don't worry if you haven't heard of some of these things before because I'm here to help you and we will learn about it together.

There are three key words in this lesson.

You're going to practise seeing them.

It will be my turn first and then your turn, ready? My turn, whole turn.

Your turn.

My turn, half Turn.

Your turn.

My turn, quarter turn.

Your turn.

Well done.

Listen out for those words throughout this lesson because they are going to be really important to your learning today.

There are going to be two parts to this lesson.

To begin with, you are going to learn how to give directions that use left and right turns, and then in a little while you are going to learn about whole, half, and quarter turns.

Let's start by looking at how you can give directions that use left and right turns.

There are two friends that are going to help in this lesson today.

Their names are Izzy and Jun.

Look out for them in this lesson and watch them carefully because they've got lots of helpful things to show you.

Izzy wants to follow the path to get to the slide.

Jun's going to help Izzy by giving some directions.

Jun says, "Walk forward and then turn right." Let's watch Izzy do that.

Then Jun says, "Walk forward and turn right again." She's done that.

Oh, no, can you see a problem? Jun's spotted it, "A fallen tree is blocking your path." If that tree wasn't there, she'd be able to walk forwards and go straight on the slide, wouldn't she? But the fallen tree is blocking the path, so she's going to have to go a different way.

Jun says, "Turn right." Then Jun says, "Walk forward and then turn left.

Walk forward and turn left again.

Walk forward and then turn right to get to the slide." Izzy found her way to the slide because Jun gave her directions.

Now she's finished playing on the slide, Jun can give her directions to get back to the start.

Let's see what he says this time.

"Walk forward and turn left.

Walk forward and turn right.

Walk forward and turn right again.

Walk forward and turn left.

Walk forward and turn left again.

Walk forward and turn left to get back to the start." Did you see how left and right were really important to tell Lizzie which way to turn so that she could find her way to the slide and then find her way back to the start? Using left and right in your directions is really helpful because it tells someone which way they need to turn.

If Izzy was here and she wants to know which way is the ice cream stall, Jun would need to use left or right to tell Izzy which way to turn when she gets to the end of the path.

Do you think you know whether Izzy would turn left or right? Let's have a look.

Jun says, "Walk forward and then turn left.

Walk forward again." Now, Izzy has reached the ice cream stall.

She would be able to buy herself an ice cream.

Sometimes the person who you are giving directions to might be facing a different way to you.

You can try and face the same way as the person who you are giving the directions to, that can really help you to give them directions.

Jun's going to explain that a little bit more.

Izzy is facing in one direction and Jun is facing in a different direction.

Jun says, "I am not facing the same way as Izzy.

It's tricky to see if she needs to turn left or right." If Jun turns around like this, he made a half turn.

Now, Jun is facing the same way as Izzy.

Jun says, "I know this is my left hand, now I can see Izzy's left hand." If Jun and Izzy are facing the same way, their left sides will both be on the same side, so if Jun can find his left hand, he can find Izzy's left hand.

That means the path is on Izzy's left side, so Izzy needs to turn left.

Jun turned himself around to face the same way as Izzy so that he could check whether Izzy needs to turn left or right.

That is a really helpful thing for you to do when you are trying to give directions to somebody else, try and make yourself face the same way that they are.

Let's check if you can give directions to somebody to turn left or right by turning yourself around to face the same way that they are.

Pause the video and have a go at giving Izzy directions to this ice cream stall.

Well done for thinking carefully and perhaps for standing up and facing in a different direction so that you match the way that Izzy is facing.

Did that help you to decide if she needed to turn left or right? Let's have a look.

Izzy needs to walk forward and turn right, walk forward and turn right, walk forward and turn right, walk forward and turn left.

Those are the directions that Izzy needs to turn so that she can follow the path and get to the ice cream stall.

Well done if you spotted when she needed to turn left and right.

Izzy and Jun are both at the park and they want to go to do different things.

Jun wants to find the slide and Izzy wants to find the swings.

Maybe there is more than one way that Izzy and Jun could go to get to the things that they are looking for.

See how many different ways you can give directions to Izzy and Jun to go and find the things in the park that they are looking for.

Make sure that you think about turning left and turning right, and if you need to, move yourself so that you are facing in the same direction as they are to help you to give them directions.

Off you go.

Well done, everybody.

Let's start by thinking about Jun.

Jun could take this path to the slide.

He would walk forward and he would turn right.

He only needs to make one turn, doesn't he, to get to the slide? It's a right turn.

Jun could go a different way, though.

He could follow this path.

If he followed this path, he would turn right and then left and then right.

Did you notice that different pathways can have different numbers of turns to get to the same place? Well done if you were able to use left and right to help Jun find the slide.

Now let's have a look at Izzy.

Izzy's path was a little bit trickier, wasn't it? She can't get there by only making one turn like Jun could.

Izzy could have gone this way.

If she went this way, she would turn right and then left and then right, and then right.

She doesn't have to go that way.

She could have gone this way.

If she took this path, she would've turned right, left, right, right.

Hmm, did you notice that you can make the same turns even when you follow different pathways? Both of Izzy's pathways have the same turns, don't they? They both have a right, a left, a right and a right.

Different pathways can have the same turns to get to the same place.

Well done if you could use left and right to help Izzy to find the swings, good job.

Now it's time to have a look at the second part of our lesson.

You are going to start learning about whole, half, and quarter turns now.

When you turn, you've just learned that you can choose the direction.

You can turn left or you can turn right.

But there's something else you can choose, too.

You can also choose how far you want to turn.

You could turn all the way around.

This is called a whole turn or a full turn.

Watch Jun make a whole turn.

He's still turning.

Jun has made a whole turn.

Jun is facing the house.

He is going to make a whole turn.

What do you think he's going to be facing when he stops turning? Let's have a look.

Jun is making a whole turn.

He's stopped turning.

Now he is facing the house.

Hmm, Jun is facing the house.

He made a whole turn, now he is facing the house.

What do you notice? You're going to test this out for me and check if you can think about Jun making whole turns.

Start with Jun facing different ways.

Right now he's facing the church, but you could also imagine him facing the slide or the tree.

How many ways could you complete the sentences, "Jun is facing the mmm.

He makes a whole turn, now he's facing the mmm?" Pause the video and have a go.

How many different ways can you complete these sentences? Thinking everybody, let's have a look.

You might have said, "Jun is facing the church.

He makes a whole turn," let's watch him make that turn.

Now he is facing the church.

You could have said, "Jun is facing the slide.

He makes a whole turn, now he is facing the slide." You could have said, "Jun is facing the tree.

He makes a whole turn, now he is facing the tree." What do you notice about whole turns and the way that you face when you make a whole turn? It's interesting, isn't it? When you make a whole turn, you end up facing the same way that you started.

Do you remember, Jun is facing the tree.

He makes a whole turn, now he is facing the tree.

So if you make a whole turn, you end up facing the same way that you were before you turned.

When you make a whole turn, you start and finish facing the same way.

This arrow is pointing left.

This arrow is going to make a whole turn.

After a whole turn, the arrow is pointing left.

When a shape makes a whole turn, it looks the same before and after the turn.

So this arrow looked the same, didn't it? Before and after a whole turn.

That's true of any shape.

If a shape makes a whole turn, it will look the same before and after the turn.

Now Jun is going to make a different type of turn.

Jun is facing the house and he turns, let's watch him turn.

Oh, he's stopped.

Now he is facing the slide.

How far do you think Jun turned? That's an interesting question, isn't it? He's not facing the house, so he hasn't turned a whole turn.

He hasn't turned all the way around.

He was facing the house and now he's facing the slide.

Let's have a look at that.

Jun made a half turn.

Let's watch Jun make another half turn.

A half turn is half of a whole turn.

You turn halfway round and then stop.

Jun is facing the church, turn halfway round and then stop.

I wonder what he's going to be facing when he stops.

Let's have a look.

Here's his half turn.

Now he is facing the tree.

Jun is going to face a different way now.

Jun is facing the slide.

He makes a half turn.

Let's watch him make that turn.

Now he is facing the house.

Do you think you might notice anything about half turns and which way you end up facing? Let's check if you can make a half turn.

Start with Jun facing different ways.

How many ways could you complete these sentences? Jun is facing the, mmm, he makes a half turn now he's facing the, mmm? Pause the video and have a go.

How many different ways can you complete these sentences? Let's have a look.

You might have said that Jun is facing the tree.

He makes a half turn, now he is facing the church.

You could have said that Jun is facing the house.

He makes a half turn, now he is facing the slide.

There are lots of other sentences you could have said, too.

Well done If you were able to think about those.

What do you notice about half turns? Do you think it matters which way you turn? Hmm, let's have a think about that a little bit more.

Jun says, "When you make a half turn, you end up facing the opposite way to where you started, whichever way you turn." So Jun says, "It doesn't matter which way you turn because you will still end up facing the opposite way to where you started." Let's have a look at that a little bit more.

When you make a half turn, you finish facing the opposite direction.

This arrow is pointing left.

If it makes a half turn, the arrow is pointing to the right.

It doesn't matter which way you turn, you will still face the opposite direction.

Let's watch the arrow turn the other way.

The arrow was pointing to the left, after a half turn, the arrow is pointing to the right.

It doesn't matter which way it turns, Jun was right.

If you make a half turn, whichever way you turn, you will still end up facing the opposite way.

Izzy says, "When a shape turns a half turn, it looks different before and after the turn." You can see, these arrows look different, don't they? Before the turn, the arrows were pointing to the left.

After the half turn, the arrows were pointing to the right.

So Izzy is correct.

When a shape makes a half turn, it will look different after the turn.

Let's check if you can spot whole and half turns.

Look carefully at each picture and decide whether you think it shows a whole turn or a half turn.

Pause the video and have a go at that now let's have a look and see what you think.

The first picture is a half turn because Jun is facing the opposite way to where he started.

The second picture is a half turn because the jigsaw piece is the opposite way around to where it started.

The third picture is a whole turn.

Izzy has ended up facing the same way that she started, so she has made a whole turn.

The fourth picture is a whole turn.

The fifth picture is a whole turn and the last picture is a half turn.

Let's look again at the turns that Izzy was making earlier.

When she followed the path.

Did you see Izzy turning? Izzy says, "Did I make whole turns or half turns or was it a different type of turn?" What do you think? Let's have a look.

When you make a left turn or a right turn, like Izzy is making along these pathways, it's not a whole turn.

It's not a half turn.

It is a different type of turn.

It is a quarter turn.

Let's watch Izzy make some quarter turns.

Izzy makes quarter turns to follow the path.

When you make a quarter turn, you are turning a smaller amount than a whole turn or a half turn.

A quarter turn is a smaller turn.

Let's watch this arrow make a quarter turn.

The arrow is pointing left.

After a quarter turn, the arrow is pointing down.

This arrow made a quarter turn to the left and now it is pointing down.

Let's have another arrow, this arrow is pointing left, too This arrow is going to make a quarter turn to the right.

What do you notice? After a quarter turn right, the arrow is pointing up.

That means that when a shape makes a quarter turn, it will look different if it has turned to the left or to the right.

Let's check if you can spot whether something has made a quarter turn to the left or to the right, or if it's not a quarter turn at all, it's a different type of turn.

Look carefully at the three pictures of Jun.

Jun has made a turn in each picture.

One of them, Jun has made a quarter turn left.

One of them, Jun has made a half turn.

And in one of them, Jun has made a quarter turn right.

Pause the video and see if you can match which turn has Jun made in each picture? Let's have a look.

In the first picture, Jun has made a quarter turn to the right.

In the middle picture, Jun has made a quarter turn to the left.

And in the last picture, Jun has made a half turn because he's facing the opposite way to where he started.

Well done if you were able to match those up correctly.

Good job.

Now it's time for you to go and practise making whole, half, and quarter turns.

To begin with, I want you to think about this number shape that Jun has.

Jun has turned his number shape and this is what it looks like now, after he has turned it.

I want you to try and imagine what do you think it looked like before the turn? Jun says, "I might have made a whole turn, a half turn, or a quarter turn." I want you to imagine what would Jun's number shape have looked like if he made a quarter turn or a half turn or a whole turn? What did it look like before the turn? When you've done that, you're going to have a go at this for me.

You need to choose a toy, probably quite a small toy, and place it on the circle.

You are going to make your toy make different turns and see how many ways you can fill in these sentences.

You could choose to make your toy turn a whole turn or a half turn or a quarter turn and you are going to say, "My toy is facing the mmm.

It makes a mmm turn, now it is facing the, mmm." How many ways can you complete those sentences with your toy? Get everything ready and make a start, off you go.

Job everybody, let's have a look and see how you have got on.

First, let's think about Jun's number shape.

This is what it looked like after Jun turned it.

This is what you might have drawn.

If Jun had made a half turn, this is what the shape would've looked like before.

If Jun had made a whole turn, this is what it would've looked like before, it would've looked the same, wouldn't it? Do you remember? If a shape makes a whole turn, it will look the same before and after the turn.

If it makes a half turn, it's turned halfway round, so it's facing the opposite direction.

What if Jun had made a quarter turn? This is where we've got two choices, because Jun might have turned it left or right.

If Jun had turned it a quarter turn left, this is what it would've looked like before the turn.

If Jun made a quarter turn right, this is what it would've looked like before the turn.

Well done if you were able to draw your ideas to show what this shape could have looked like before Jun made the turn.

Now let's have a think about your toy.

Now, I have chosen a robot.

You probably had a different toy, and that is okay.

Your sentences might have looked something like this.

My toy is facing the church.

I could say it makes a half turn, now it is facing the tree.

Now, if I didn't want to make a half turn, I could say, "My toy is facing the church, it makes a quarter turn, now it is facing the house." I could also say, "It makes a quarter turn, now it is facing the slide," because my robot could make a quarter turn in the other direction.

There are lots and lots of different ways that you could have completed these sentences.

I hope that you remembered to think about how much your toy was turning.

Did you make any whole turns or half turns or quarter turns? Well done for thinking carefully about that.

Now that you are at the end of the lesson, you have learned that you can use left and right when you give directions to show somebody which way they should go.

And you have learned that you can choose not only which direction you want to turn, but you can choose how much you want to turn.

You can make a half turn, a whole turn, and a quarter turn.

Well done for all of your hard work thinking about turns today, you have done an excellent job.

I hope that I will see you again soon for some more maths learning.

Bye, everybody.