Lesson video

Hello everybody, my name is Mrs. Johnson.

I am really excited to be here today to help you with some of your maths learning.

I hope you are ready to do some hard work, and to have lots of fun.

Let's have a look at what we're going to be learning today.

Today's lesson is called copy, extend, and describe repeating patterns.

It is from the unit Recognise, Compose, Decompose, and Manipulate 2D and 3D Shapes.

We're going to be finding out about repeating patterns, and by the end of the lesson you will be able to copy, extend, and describe repeating patterns.

You might not have done some of that before, but don't worry, we are going to work through it together, and have a brilliant time.

Perhaps think about a time that you've used blocks or tiles to make a pattern that might help you with what we're going to be learning about today.

There are three key words that we need to use in this lesson.

I'm going to say each one, and after I have said it, I want you to practise saying it.

Are you ready? The first one is repeating pattern, your turn.

Good, repeating pattern.

Then we have a word that you might not have heard of before.

Extend, can you say extend? Good job.

And then we have unit of repeat.

Can you say unit of repeat? Well done, listen out for those words throughout this lesson.

They are going to help you with your learning today.

There's going to be two parts to this lesson, and to begin with, we are going to look at copying and extending repeating patterns, and then in a little while we are going to learn about the unit of repeat.

So let's get started with copying and extending, repeating patterns.

We're going to have Alex in our lesson today, so look out for Alex when he pops up, because he might be able to help us as well.

Alex has been playing, threading objects.

I wonder if you've ever played with threading objects before.

He has made a pattern while he's been playing.

Have a look at his pattern, what do you notice about it? I notice that he has used different shapes of his threading toys, and he has used a star and then a triangle, and then a star, and then a triangle, and then a star.

And I've also noticed that he's used different colours, so he's used blue and then red, and then blue, and then red, and then blue.

I wonder if there's anything else you could notice.

If we look at these pictures, we can see examples of repeating patterns.

So in the first picture we can see that the pattern is yellow, orange, yellow, orange, yellow, orange.

And in the second picture, circle, square, circle, square, circle, square.

These are repeating patterns, because the same pattern repeats itself, or the same pattern happens over and over again.

Here's a quick check for you.

Look at these three pictures and decide for me which one shows a repeating pattern.

Pause the video if you need a little bit longer.

The repeating pattern is B, because it's the only pattern where the same thing happens over and over again.

Repeating patterns can repeat different things.

So sometimes they might have a pattern where they repeat a colour, or they might repeat a size, or they might repeat a shape, or even something else.

So if we look at this one, we could say the repeating pattern is orange, yellow, orange, yellow, orange, yellow.

In this picture, the repeating pattern could be big, small, big, small, big, small.

It could also be yellow, purple, yellow, purple, yellow, purple.

And in this picture we could say that the repeating pattern is star, triangle, star, triangle, star.

This is showing us that repeating patterns can repeat the colour, the size, or the shape.

Did you notice the pattern when we were describing each picture? If we think about the first one again, orange, yellow, orange, yellow, orange, yellow.

You could extend that pattern by saying what would come next, so you can work out how to make the pattern longer.

Let's have a look at that a bit more.

Have a look at this pattern.

Do you think you could work out how to extend this pattern? What would come next? How could you make this pattern longer? If you are not sure, try saying the pattern out loud like this, "Circle, square, circle, square, circle, square." See if that helps you.

Can you work out which one should be next to extend the pattern? Well done if you said C, it should be the circle next.

Good job.

Here's another one for you.

Look at this picture, how could you extend this pattern? What do you think should come next? Have a look carefully at A, B, and C.

Which one would come next? Remember, if you're not sure, say the pattern out loud, describe the pattern.

Pause the video if you need a bit more time.

This time it is B.

If we were describing this pattern, we would say star, triangle, star, triangle, star.

So the next one would be triangle, good job.

And one more for you, look at this picture.

Can you work out what comes next? How can you extend this pattern? Say the pattern out loud if you're not sure.

Pause the video if you need more time.

Ready? This time it is A, it's the large bead, or the bigger bead, or you might have described it by colour, in which case it would be yellow.

We could say big, small, big, small, big, small.

The next would be big.

Or we could say yellow, purple, yellow, purple, yellow, purple.

And the next would be yellow.

Well done if you've got A.

Now, I'd like you to go and do a little piece of work.

You are going to see if you can extend these patterns.

Remember, extend means say what is going to come next.

You are going to draw what comes next on these two patterns.

Off you go.

Well done, let's have a look at what you've drawn, and see if you are thinking along the right lines.

Have you worked out how to extend these patterns? So the first one is circle, square, circle, square, circle, square.

So we should be carrying on that pattern, circle, square, circle, square, circle, square, all the way to the end of the string.

And the second pattern is all circles, but they're different sizes.

Small, big, small, big, small.

So the next one should be big.

And then the pattern repeats.

Small, big, small, big, small, all the way to the end of the string.

Good job if you spotted those.

Now you are going to go and and do something special.

Instead of extending the pattern that I've given you, you are going to go and draw your own repeating pattern.

So you've got to choose a pattern that you would like to draw and see if you can draw it all the way along your string.

Are you ready? Off you go.

Let's have a look at some of the repeating patterns that you could have made.

This one uses squares, and some of them are coloured in.

So the pattern is in the colour, grey, white, grey, white, grey, white, all the way along that string.

Or you might have done something like this.

There are some hearts on the string this time.

And the first heart is pointing up, and the next heart is pointing down, and the pattern goes pointing up, pointing down, pointing up, pointing down, all the way along the string.

Or you could see it as an upside down heart and then a heart the right way up, upside down, right way up, upside down, right way up, all the way along that string.

I wonder what type of repeating patterns you drew.

Well done if you thought of a pattern that happens again and again.

That is a repeating pattern, good job.

Now we're going to learn about something called the unit of repeat.

We can see Alex has been making another repeating pattern, but this time, instead of using threading toys, he has used pattern blocks.

I wonder how you might describe this pattern.

Have a think.

Would you say black, white, black, white, black, white? Yes, we would, that is a good way of describing this pattern.

The part of the pattern that repeats itself, which means it happens again and again, that part is called the unit of repeat.

So in Alex's pattern that he has made, black, white is the unit of repeat, because that is the part that keeps on happening in his repeating pattern.

Let's have a look at another one.

How would you describe this pattern do you think? Have a little look, how might you describe this pattern? Red, blue, red, blue, blue, red.

Oh, I'm not sure if something sounds right there.

We could use the unit of repeat to help us notice and correct mistakes in a pattern.

I think this pattern has a mistake, it doesn't sound right.

So let's think about what would the unit of repeat be in a red, blue, red, blue pattern.

Well done, red blue is the unit of repeat.

That means that red blue should keep on happening throughout our pattern.

Can you see the mistake? Red, blue, red, blue, blue, red.

That part is not right, let's see if we can fix it.

It should be red, blue, red, blue, red, blue.

Good job, we could use the unit of repeat, red, blue to find the mistake and correct it.

Now it's your turn, you're going to have a look at this one and see if you can find the unit of repeat, and see if you can use it to find the mistake, and correct this pattern.

Pause the video if you need to.

Well done if you have spotted the unit of repeat, and used it to correct the mistake.

Let's have a look together.

We could say the unit of repeat pink, orange.

Now let's look all the way along our pattern.

Pink, orange, pink, orange, pink, orange, pink, pink, orange, pink, orange, hmm.

Those two pinks don't sound right.

If the unit of repeat is pink, orange, we shouldn't have two pinks next to each other.

So I think this is where there is a mistake, and it should be orange after the pink.

The repeating pattern is pink, orange, pink, orange, pink, orange, the unit of repeat is pink, orange.

You might not have used colours.

You might have talked about short and long blocks.

If you did, good job.

You could describe the unit of repeat as short, long, and this repeating pattern is short, long, short, long, short, long.

So there are two different ways we could describe this pattern.

Well done if you spotted the second way.

We're going to have a look at a few more repeating patterns to find different ways that we can describe the unit of repeat.

If we look at this repeating pattern, we can see they are all the same shape, and they are all the same colour.

So how might we describe the unit of repeat on this one? The pattern goes pointing up, pointing down, pointing up, pointing down, up, down, up, down.

So which part is being repeated lots and lots of times? Good job, it's pointing up, pointing down.

That is the unit of repeat, well done.

Let's have a look at some more.

If I have a look at this pattern at the top, I can see it's going to be a little bit tricky, because if I start describing this pattern, I can see red, purple, and blue.

There are more than two things in my pattern, so I'm going to have to think a little bit more carefully about this one.

Sometimes patterns can have more than two parts that repeat.

So what we need to do is look for the unit of repeat.

Look for the part that is happening again and again.

And remember it might be colour, it might be shape, it might be size, it might be direction.

So if I was going to describe this first repeating pattern, I could say red, purple, blue, red, purple, blue, red, purple, blue.

And then I can hear that the part that I'm saying lots and lots of times is red, purple, blue.

So the unit of repeat is red, purple, blue.

On the second pattern, I can see lots of pink squares, and I'm thinking that some of them are big, and some of them are small.

So my pattern would go big, small, small, big, big, small, small, big, big, small, small, big.

Which part am I saying lots and lots of times? Yes, well done, big, small, small, big.

That is the unit of repeat.

Here is another pattern for us to think about.

What could the unit of repeat be this time? If I was describing my pattern, I might say triangle, triangle, square, triangle, triangle, square, triangle, triangle, square.

Which part of my saying lots of times? Yes, I'm saying triangle, triangle, square.

That is my unit of repeat.

That is the part that I'm repeating.

I'm saying lots of times, well done.

Now it's time for you to do a check.

I would like you to look at both of these patterns, and see if you can say the unit of repeat.

Pause the video, have a look at each pattern, and say the unit of repeat.

Well done, let's have a look and see if you were right.

This pattern goes yellow, red, red, yellow, red, red, yellow, red, red.

That means the unit of repeat is yellow, red, red.

And the second pattern goes small, small, big, small, small, big, small, small, big.

That means the unit of repeat is small, small, big.

Good job if you worked those out, well done.

Now you are going to go and do a little bit more work.

And there are going to be some pattern blocks here.

If you don't have any blocks of your own, just ask a grownup to help you cut these out.

And you can use these to help you with the next piece of work.

What I would like you to do is to use your blocks to build your own repeating pattern.

And then once you've built your repeating pattern, I want you to say what the unit of repeat is.

If you have a friend, or a partner, or a grownup who is near you, then I want you to tell them what your unit of repeat is.

Then I want you to think about, how long is your unit of repeat? What could you do to change your patterns, so that you could make your unit of repeat longer or shorter? Have a go at playing with your blocks and making different, repeating patterns, and telling somebody about the unit of repeat.

Off you go.

Well done everybody for having a go at building your own repeating patterns.

Let's have a look at some repeating patterns that some other children have made.

We can see them in these pictures here.

The first pattern goes yellow, red, green, yellow, red, green, yellow.

And somebody said, "My unit of repeat is yellow, red, green." So they looked carefully at their pattern and they thought, "Which part is happening over and over again?" And they have correctly said that their unit of repeat is yellow, red, green.

And in the second picture I can see that this pattern goes pink, pink, yellow, pink, pink, yellow, pink, pink, yellow.

Or if I concentrated on my shapes, I can see triangle, triangle, square, triangle, triangle, square, triangle, triangle, square.

So this person has said, "My unit of repeat is triangle, triangle, square." They are correct, they could have said, "My unit of repeat is pink, pink, yellow." Did you make a similar pattern to any of these children, or did you make something different? Well done if you made your repeating pattern, and you were able to tell somebody about your unit of repeat, good job.

Now that we're at the end of the lesson, you have learnt that when the same pattern repeats itself or happens over and over again, we call it a repeating pattern.

You've also learned that you can extend a repeating pattern by thinking about what will come next, and making the pattern longer.

So if you look at this pattern on the screen, you could extend this pattern by adding a red, purple, blue, red, purple, blue.

And finally, you have learned that the part of the pattern that repeats itself is called the unit of repeat.

So in this pattern, the unit of repeat would be red, purple, blue.

And you have found unit of repeat in your own patterns that you've made.

Well done for working hard on your maths today.

Bye.