Lesson video

Hello, everybody.

My name is Mrs. Johnson.

I am so excited to be here today to help you with some of your maths learning.

I hope that you're ready to work hard and have lots of fun.

Let's have a look at what we're going to be learning about today.

This lesson is called "Explore, discuss and identify shapes "that are and are not rectangles," and it comes from the unit, "Recognise, compose, decompose "and manipulate 2D and 3D shapes." In this lesson, you are going to be learning lots more about rectangles.

By the end of the lesson, you will be able to say if a shape is a rectangle or not, and you will be able to explain why.

There are some very important key words that you're going to use in this lesson today to help you with your learning, and we're going to practise saying those now.

I'll have my turn first, and then it will be your turn to say each word.

Are you ready? My turn.

Rectangle.

Your turn.

My turn.

Square.

Your turn.

My turn.

Vertices.

Your turn.

My turn.

Sides.

Your turn.

My turn.

Straight.

Your turn.

Well done.

Let's start by learning more about describing shapes.

There are going to be two friends in this lesson.

Their names are Laura and Andeep.

Listen out for those children throughout this lesson because they have lots of really useful and important things to tell us about rectangles.

Laura has cut out some shapes from a piece of card.

Wonder if any of them remind you of anything.

Laura says, "I think one looks like a pillow," and Andeep says, "I think one looks like a door." Can you see one that looks like a pillow or one that looks like a door? Perhaps you can see something that reminds you of something else.

What do you think? I think I can see one that reminds me of a book.

Let's see if you can listen carefully to Andeep's description and work out which shape he might be talking about.

He says, "I think one shape looks like a flag waving." Is he talking about a, b, or c? Andeep is describing shape b.

It does look a bit like a flag waving, doesn't it? I wonder if it reminds you of anything else too.

Which shape do you think Laura is describing? She says, "I think one shape looks like a photo frame." Could she be talking about a, b, or c? Laura is talking about shape a.

You can describe shapes using words that you already know.

That means you can choose your own words to describe what a shape looks like.

Laura says, "I can see a wide shape," and Andeep says, "I can see a wavy shape." Which shapes do you think they might be talking about? Can you have a go at this? Look at the shape that's left.

I can see a mm shape.

Pause the video, and have a think, or maybe talk to the people around you.

How would you describe this shape? You can choose your own words to describe these shapes.

So you might have chosen narrow, or you might have chosen long, but there might be other words that you thought about using to describe this shape too.

When you describe a shape, you do have to look at it very carefully, and sometimes, as well as looking at it, it can be helpful if you imagine holding or feeling that shape in your hands.

Laura says, "If I could hold this shape in my hands, "the corners would feel smooth," and Andeep says, "If I could hold this shape in my hands, "the corners would feel sharp and pointy." Can you imagine holding those shapes? Which shape do you think Laura might be talking about here? "If I imagine holding this shape, "some of the sides would feel curved." Is she describing a, b, or c? Laura is talking about shape c.

a and b don't have any curved lines, do they? They are all straight.

What about Andeep's shape? He says, "If I imagine holding this shape, "all the corners would feel pointy." Is he describing a, b, or c? Andeep is describing shape a.

It's the only shape where all the corners would feel pointy.

If you look carefully at shape b, some of the corners are pointy, but some of the corners are smooth, and, on shape c, they are all round and smooth.

There are no pointy corners.

So the shape Andeep is describing is shape a.

These shapes are all rectangles.

Have a look at all of these rectangles.

I wonder if you notice anything about them that's the same.

Laura says that rectangles have only four straight sides, and Andeep says, "Rectangles have only four vertices." Let's learn a little bit more about what Laura and Andeep have said.

Let's count the sides of these rectangles.

Ready? 1, 2, 3, 4.

Four sides.

The next one.

1, 2, 3, 4.

Four sides.

And the last one.

1, 2, 3, 4.

Four sides.

Rectangles always have four straight sides.

Sometimes shapes can look really similar, and you have to look carefully to find how they are different.

When you first look at these two shapes, you might think that they look the same.

If you look really carefully, you might notice what Andeep noticed.

"The shapes look different in one corner." Laura says, "Let's count the sides "to check if these shapes are the same "or if these shapes are different." Let's count the sides and check.

Ready? 1, 2, 3, 4.

Four sides.

1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

Five sides.

One shape has four sides.

One shape has five sides.

Counting the sides helped us to see that these shapes are different.

Let's check that you're good at counting the sides.

Which shape has only four straight sides? Do you think it's a, b, or c? A shape with only four straight sides is b.

a and c both have some curved lines.

You are looking for a shape that has only four straight sides, which is b.

Let's have another go.

Can you find the shape this time that has only four straight sides? Could it be a, b, or c? The shape with only four straight sides is a.

b and c do have straight sides, but they do not have only four.

They have more than four straight sides.

The shape that you're looking for is a.

Now that you've counted sides, let's learn more about vertices.

Let's count the vertices on these shapes to start with.

Ready? Count with me.

1, 2, 3, 4.

Four vertices.

And again.

1, 2, 3, 4.

Four vertices.

One more time.

1, 2, 3, 4.

Four Vertices.

Rectangles always have four vertices.

The vertices of a rectangle are special because they are always the same shape.

Let's have a look at that in a little bit more detail.

Here is a rectangle, and we can see that it has 1, 2, 3, 4 vertices.

Each vertex on a rectangle is known as a square corner.

So those arrows that are pointing to the vertices, each arrow is pointing to a square corner.

Andeep has a good idea to help you see what a square corner is and why the vertices of rectangles are so special.

Andeep says, "If I tear off all the vertices "and line them up next to each other, "they will all look the same." So let's see what he means.

Let's tear off the vertices.

There they are.

Look.

And now, let's line them up next to each other.

Can you see that all four vertices look the same shape? They are all a square corner, and they are all the same.

Now let's look at the vertices of some other shapes.

Have a look at this one.

It has 1, 2, 3, 4 vertices.

Do we think that these vertices are square corners? Let's remember Andeep's tip.

Let's tear off the vertices and line them up next to each other to see if they look the same or not.

There they are.

Line them up next to each other.

Ooh! I can see straight away.

These vertices do not all look the same.

They are not square corners, are they, because they are different.

So this shape is not a rectangle because its vertices are not all the same.

They are not square corners.

So even though it has four straight sides and four vertices, this shape is not a rectangle because it doesn't have four square corners.

What do you think about this shape? Do you think all the vertices are the same on this shape? I'll give you a few seconds to think about it.

Let's have a look at them.

Remember Andeep's tip.

"If I cut off all the vertices "and line them up next to each other, they are mm." Let's have a look at that.

There are the vertices.

Before you see them lined up, I wonder if you can guess.

Do you think that these vertices all look the same? Do they all look like square corners, or do you think that some of them look different? Let's line them up and have a look.

Here they are.

How would you finish Andeep's sentence? "If I cut off all the vertices, "and line them up next to each other, "they are mm." Well done if you've said not the same, or different.

Those vertices are not all the same, are they? They are different.

I wonder if you'd be able to finish this sentence.

"This shape mm a rectangle "because it's vertices mm all the same.

"They are not square corners." Pause the video, and have a think.

How would you complete that sentence? You could say, "This shape is not a rectangle "because its vertices are not all the same.

"They are not square corners." Well done if you said that.

Now you're going to have a look at another shape.

Do you think the vertices are all the same on this shape? Let's remember Andeep's tip about cutting off the vertices and lining them up.

What would you see? I wonder if you can close your eyes and imagine it before I show you.

What would those vertices look like if we tore them off and then lined them up next to each other? Let's have a look.

Here they are.

And lined up next to each other.

How would you finish off what Andeep is saying? "If I cut off all the vertices "and lined them up next to each other, "they are mm." They are the same.

Well done if you said that.

Now you've got the same sentence as last time with two spaces in it.

"This shape mm a rectangle "because it's vertices mm all the same.

"They are square corners." How would you complete that sentence? Pause the video, and tell your partner.

This shape is a rectangle because its vertices are all the same.

They are square corners.

Very good work if you said that.

Well done.

You've thought really carefully about the vertices of these shapes that we've looked at.

Which shape is a rectangle because the vertices are all the same? So this time you're not going to see the corners being ripped off and lined up.

You've got to look at the vertices in the shape and try and find which shape is a rectangle because all the vertices are the same.

Do you think it could be a or b or c? The shape that is a rectangle is a.

a is the only shape that has four square corners or four vertices that are all the same.

In shape b and shape c, if you tore the vertices off and you lined them up next to each other, they would not all be the same.

Now can you find the shape that is not a rectangle because the vertices are not all the same? Which shape is not a rectangle? a, b, or c? This time, the shape that is not a rectangle is b.

a and c both have four square corners.

The shape that is not a rectangle is b because the vertices are not all the same.

If I tore off these two vertices, and I put them together, you can see that they are different.

So b is not a rectangle.

Now it's going to be time for you to go and do a piece of work.

You are going to have a look at all the shapes that you've got on your sheet and choose yourself a colour.

I would like you to colour in all the shapes that have only four straight sides.

When you've done that, I want you to tick the shapes that have only four vertices, and, when you've done that, I would like you to draw a square shape on the shapes with four square corners.

So there are three things to check.

First, colour in the shapes with four straight sides.

Then tick the shapes with four vertices, and then draw a square on the shapes with four square corners.

When you've done it, I want you to think carefully about what you notice about all of those shapes, and then see if you can draw a rectangle.

Think carefully about what a rectangle needs, and have a go at drawing one on your work.

Off you go, everybody.

Well done.

You've looked so carefully at those shapes and really thought about how many straight sides and how many vertices you could see.

These are the shapes that you should have coloured in.

All of these have only four straight sides.

Then you should have put a tick onto these shapes because these are the shapes that have four vertices.

Did you notice that all of these shapes that you've coloured in and put a tick on, are not all rectangles? Only some of them are rectangles, aren't they? To find which ones were rectangles, you needed to do the last step, which was to check the corners.

Are they square corners? Remember that rectangles always have four square corners.

These are the shapes that have four square corners.

They've got a little square on them.

Do you think you found all of the shapes with the four square corners? Well done if you found them all.

Did you have a go at drawing your own rectangle? Andeep had a go.

This is what he drew.

He tried really hard to draw a shape that had straight sides and four square corners.

Well done if you thought really carefully about making sure that your sides were straight and that you had square corners in your shape too.

You're going to have a look about sorting shapes and have a little practise.

See if you can sort some shapes of your own.

Andeep is going to sort these shapes into sets.

His sets are called rectangle and not a rectangle.

Let's see what happens when he starts to sort the shapes.

Ready? Watch carefully.

He's deciding if each shape is a rectangle or not a rectangle.

Andeep remembered that a rectangle has only four straight sides.

These shapes, in the not a rectangle set, they all have more than four sides.

That is why they cannot go in the rectangle group.

They have to go in the not a rectangle set.

Let's watch carefully what happens this time.

He's sorting the shapes and deciding, "Is it a rectangle or is it not a rectangle?" Andeep has remembered a rectangle has only four straight sides.

What do you think has happened with all the shapes in the not a rectangle set? Well done if you noticed they all have curved lines.

That is why they cannot go in with the rectangles.

Rectangles must have four straight sides.

These shapes have a curved line.

Can you sort these shapes into sets? Look for which shapes belong in the rectangle set and which shapes belong in the not a rectangle set.

Pause the video, and have a go at sorting these shapes.

Okay.

Let's have a look.

You needed to remember that a rectangle has only four straight sides and four vertices.

That means the first shape is a rectangle.

The second shape is not a rectangle because it has a curved line.

The next shape is a rectangle, and the next shape is a rectangle.

The next one is not a rectangle because the sides are not straight, and the last shape is not a rectangle.

The sides are straight, but it has more than four, so it is not a rectangle.

Now let's have a look at some shapes that Laura has sorted.

She's realised that she's made a mistake while she's been sorting.

What do you think her mistake might be? Can you see anything wrong here? Let's have a think about it together.

Laura has realised that she forgot to look carefully at the vertices.

She's remembered now that the vertices of a rectangle must be square corners, and they have to be all the same.

Can you see the shape where Laura has forgotten to check the vertices to make sure that they are square corners? Well done.

It's this one here.

Those are not square corners.

Those are round, aren't they? Those are curved lines.

That is not a rectangle, so it needs to go in the not a rectangle set.

If you are sorting shapes into these sets, rectangle and not a rectangle, it's really important to check these two things.

First, you need to have a look.

Does it have only four straight sides and four vertices? And then you need to check.

Are the vertices all the same? Are they all square corners? If they are different, it will not be a rectangle.

Let's watch how Laura and Andeep sort their shapes by checking those two important things.

Laura is going to ask the questions, and Andeep is going to check the shape and give the answers.

Let's see what happens.

Laura says, "Does it have only four straight sides "and four vertices?" Andeep is just having a look.

You can help him check.

Does it have four straight sides and four vertices? Andeep says, "Yes." Then Laura needs to ask the second important bit of information.

"Are the vertices all the same?" Andeep is just checking again.

You can help him.

Look at those vertices.

Are they all the same? Andeep says, "Yes.

My shape is a rectangle." It can go in the rectangle set.

What's going to happen this time? We've got a new shape.

Let's have a look.

Does it have only four straight sides and four vertices? Andeep's just checking, and he says, "No." It has more, doesn't it? The second thing to check.

Are the vertices all the same? Andeep says, "No.

My shape is not a rectangle." It will join the not a rectangle set.

Let's watch them do one more.

Laura's first question.

"Does it have only four straight sides and four vertices?" Andeep's just counting them.

You can count them too and help him check.

He says, "Yes." It does have four straight sides and four vertices.

Let's check the second question.

"Are the vertices all the same?" Andeep is having a look.

Are they all square corners? Do they all look the same? He says, "No.

My shape is not a rectangle." If we tore the corners, tore the vertices off that shape, and we put them all in a line next to each other, they would be different, wouldn't they? Some of them would be smaller, and some of them would be bigger.

So this shape is not a rectangle.

It has no square corners.

You can use Laura and Andeep's questions, that you can see at the bottom, to spot the mistakes in this set of shapes.

So these are the shapes in the rectangles, and these are the shapes in the not a rectangle.

You can pause the video and have a look.

How many shapes can you spot that you think are in the wrong set? Okay.

Let's have a look what you found out.

The first shape that is in the wrong place is this one.

This one is not a rectangle.

It has some curved lines, and we know that rectangles must have only four straight sides.

The next shape in the wrong place is this one.

This shape does have straight sides, but it has five, and we know a rectangle has four straight sides.

So this one is in the wrong set.

There is another one in the wrong place too.

This shape here.

This has been put in the rectangle group, but it is not a rectangle because the vertices are not all the same.

It doesn't have square corners.

The vertices are different.

So this one is not a rectangle.

Well done if you spotted those.

Good job.

Now Laura and Andeep are going to sort these shapes into some new sets.

This time their sets are called square and not a square.

Let's watch where each shape goes.

Some of them are going into the square group, and some of them in the not a square group.

What do you think all the shapes in the square group have that is the same and the shapes in the not a square group don't have? We're going to learn a little bit more about that now.

Squares have four equal sides.

That means that all of their sides are the same length.

All of these shapes are rectangles.

They've been put into the rectangle set, but inside the rectangle set, some of them are squares too.

So, they are all rectangles, but then these shapes are also squares.

If a rectangle is not a square, it can be called an oblong.

So this set here, instead of calling it not a square, we could call it the oblong set.

Squares have four equal sides.

Oblongs have four sides that are not all equal.

Can you match these shapes to their sets? Which shapes are squares and which shapes are oblongs? Pause the video if you need a little bit longer.

Let's have a look.

You should have remembered that a square has four sides that are all equal in length, and an oblong has four sides that are not all equal.

The first shape is an oblong.

The second shape is a square.

The third shape is an oblong, and the fourth shape is a square.

Remember, these are all rectangles, but two of them are also called squares, and the other two are also called oblongs.

Now you're going to do a little bit more sorting, but, this time, you've got a third group.

You've got a group that are not rectangles.

Pause the video, and see if you can sort all of these shapes into the correct set.

Let's have a look, and see if you've sorted them correctly.

You should have the first shape, not a rectangle.

The corners are too round.

It doesn't have four straight sides and four vertices.

It's not a rectangle.

The second one is an oblong.

The third one is an oblong.

The fourth shape is a square.

The fifth shape is not a rectangle.

This one doesn't have square corners.

The vertices are different.

So this is not a rectangle.

And the final shape is a square.

You had to look really carefully and do a lot of thinking to be able to get those into the correct set.

Good job.

Now you're going to see if you can find which shape is in the wrong set.

You're going to have to look very carefully to see if you can notice this.

These shapes have been put in the square group.

These shapes have been put in the oblong group.

And these shapes have been put in the not a rectangle group.

Can you see any that might be in the wrong place? Pause the video if you need a little bit longer to spot it.

Well done if you noticed this shape here.

It's been put in the oblong set, but this shape is a square because all the sides are equal.

They are the same length.

So it should be put with the squares.

Now you are going to go and do a bit more practise.

First, you're going to use the shapes on the cards that come with this lesson, or you can ask an adult to cut some shapes out of card for you, and you're going to sort them into these sets.

You're going to sort into rectangle and not a rectangle, and then, with your rectangles, you're going to sort them into square and oblong.

Once you've sorted all of those shapes into those sets, using them again, you're going to find one shape to match each sentence that I'm about to show you.

First, you're going to find a shape to match this sentence.

I know this shape is a rectangle.

Then you are going to find one.

I know this shape is a square.

Find a shape to match that sentence.

Next, I know this shape is an oblong.

Choose a shape to match that sentence.

Number four.

This shape is nothing like a rectangle.

Which shape might you choose to match that sentence? Once you've chosen the shapes to match each sentence, I want you to use the keywords from today's lesson to finish each sentence, and say it to your partner.

Try really hard to use the words rectangle, square, straight, sides, and vertices.

Off you go to go and have a try at that work now.

Well done, everybody.

I can tell you've done lots of thinking about those shapes that you saw in that work.

Good job.

This is how you should have sorted all of those shapes.

You would've found that there are eight shapes that are rectangles.

Three of those are squares, and five of them are oblongs.

All the other shapes, there are 12 of them, belong in the not a rectangle set.

If we have a look at the shapes that Laura chose and the sentences that she gave for the second part of this work, you can see whether she might have chosen the same shapes as you, or if she chose different ones, and you can see if you remembered to use the same keywords that Laura used in her sentences.

Let's have a look.

For the first sentence, Laura chose this shape.

She says, "This shape is a rectangle "because it only has 4 sides and 4 vertices." On the second one, this is the shape she chose.

She says, "This shape is a square "because all the sides are equal." On the next sentence, this is the shape she chose.

She says, "This shape is an oblong "because the sides are not all equal." And, on her fourth sentence, she chose this shape to be nothing like a rectangle "because it has more than 4 sides "and more than 4 vertices." Well done if you used lots of those key words, and you were able to explain your reasons to your partner.

It takes a lot of hard work and a lot of thinking about shapes to be able to explain.

You have done a really good job.

You know that rectangles only have four straight sides and four vertices.

You have learnt that rectangles' vertices are special.

They are always square corners, and they are always the same.

You've also learnt that squares are a type of rectangle, and they have four equal sides.

You know that rectangles with sides that are not equal can be known as oblongs.

You have learnt to sort shapes into sets, and you can explain why you have sorted them that way.

You have worked so hard in this lesson today.

You have done a very good job.

Well done, everybody.

I hope that I'll see you again soon for some more maths learning.

Bye, everyone.