Lesson video

Hi there.

My name is Mr. Tilston, and I'm a teacher.

My favourite subject is maths.

I absolutely love it, so it's my great honour and privilege to be with you today teaching a lesson all about time.

Can you imagine a world without time? You wouldn't know what time to start school, what time your favourite programmes start.

All sorts of things would be difficult or impossible.

So time is really important, but it can be quite tricky as well.

Don't worry, though.

I'm here to guide you every step of the way and I believe that with a positive attitude, absolutely anything's possible.

So I'm ready.

Are you ready too? Let's begin.

The outcome of today's lesson is, I can tell and write the time to the nearest minute past.

You might have had some experience perhaps last year at reading time to the nearest five minutes past.

We're going to really focus today on the minutes past, and that's our keyword.

So my turn, minutes past, your turn.

Minutes past is a way of expressing how many minutes have gone by since the last o'clock time, so since, say, three o'clock or five o'clock.

Our lesson is split into two cycles.

The first will be the minute hand, and the second, the minute hand and the hour hand.

So if you're ready, let's start by looking at the minute hand.

In this lesson you're going to meet Izzy and Andeep.

Have you met them before? They're very helpful and they're here today to give us a helping hand with our maths.

Here's a bead string.

Have you got a bead string in front of you? If so, you could use it along with the lesson.

A bead stringing can be used to count in fives.

So you can see there's five red circles or beads, five white beads, five red beads, five white beads.

So they're counting fives.

So we've got five beads, 10 beads.

What's coming next? 15 beads.

What's coming next? Did you say 20 beads? Well done if you did.

Bead strings cannot also be used to count in ones from each multiple of five.

So you could count from five or from 10 or from 15 and that saves you having to count from one.

So let's have a look at an example.

So here we've got five, and now we've got five and a bit or six, and now we've got five and a bit or seven.

And now we've got five and a bit or eight.

And now we've got five and a bit or nine.

The beads could represent minutes past on a clock.

So this is showing five minutes past.

This could be 10 minutes past.

What's coming next do you think? 15 minutes past.

What's next? 20 minutes past.

Now we've got five minutes past and a bit.

So this is five and a bit or six minutes past.

This is five and a bit or seven minutes past.

I think you know what's coming next, don't you? Five and a bit or eight minutes past.

What's next? Five and a bit or nine minutes past.

Have a look at this clock.

What do you notice? There might be something that looks a little bit unusual about it, a little bit different.

Can you see something? The 60 minutes are split into groups of five minutes, just like the bead string is.

So they've got something in common, the clock and the bead string.

So what you could do is take a bead string containing 60 beads and turn it into a circle to represent the minutes on the clock because there are 60 minutes in an hour.

So let's bring the minute hand in.

We don't need the hour hand for now.

We'll look at the minute hand on our special clock.

So the minute hand is pointing to five and a bit minutes past, or we could say it's pointing to six minutes past.

Now what? Well, it's still pointing to five and a bit minutes past.

This time it's pointing to seven minutes past.

What's coming next? This time it's still pointing to five and a bit minutes past but it's pointing to eight minutes past.

One more, what do you think's next? This time it's pointing to five and a bit minutes past but specifically it's pointing to nine minutes past.

Andeep has noticed something.

He says, "It is one less than 10 minutes past." That's true, Andeep, and that could be useful.

That could be a time saver.

Izzy says, "I wonder if we could use the bead string to work out how many minutes past it is." So we've got an example here.

Look.

We've got our minute hand.

It's pointing somewhere and it's just a bit before the half past, just before the six on the clock.

And Andeep says, "It is fewer than 30 minutes past." I would agree.

If it was on the six it will be 30 minutes past, but it's not quite, so it's a bit less.

"But," he says, "it's more than 25 minutes past," which is what it would be if it was pointing to the five.

So it's somewhere in between 25 minutes past and 30 minutes past.

The minute hand is pointing to 25 and a bit minutes past.

But what? What number exactly? Well, I can see it's two more than 25 and a bit.

What would that be? It's pointing to 27 minutes past.

If we now remove the bead string, we can still see them minutes marked.

Here we go.

Maybe that looks a little bit more like the clocks that you are used to using, but we're still seeing 27 minutes past.

What about this one? Have a look.

"Well," says Izzy, "it is fewer than 45 minutes past." Yes, if it was pointing to the nine it would be 45 minutes past.

It's not gone that far, though.

Andeep says, "But it's more than 40 minutes past," which is what it would be if the minute hand was pointing to eight.

So it's fewer than 45 minutes past and more than 40 minutes past.

It's 40 minutes past and a bit, but what bit? Well, have a look.

This time it's not two more minutes than 40 minutes past.

It's three more.

So the minute hand is pointing to 40 and a bit minutes past, and specifically it's pointing to 43 minutes past.

How are you doing? Do you think you're getting this? Let's have a look.

Shall we do a little check? Complete the stem sentence.

The minute hand is pointing to mm and a bit minutes past.

It is pointing to mm minutes past.

So see if you can work it out and use that stem sentence.

Say that whole sentence.

Okay, good luck with that.

Pause the video.

What did you get? Did you manage to agree with the person next to you as well? Let's have a look.

Well, it's pointing to 15 and a bit minutes past, and specifically it's pointing to 18 minutes past.

And if you've got that, well done.

You're on track.

Now you've got a blank paper clock face in front of you and you've got a pencil as well.

Now the pencil is going to represent the minute hand and it's a good representation for that because it's long and thin like the minute hand is.

So you're going to use that pencil to represent the minute hand and show me this.

Ready? Show me 39 minutes past.

Pause the video.

Let's have a look.

Where did you put that pencil? Where did you point it for 39 minutes past? Well, it's going to be more than 35 minutes past, so past the seven, but less than 40 minutes past.

So a little bit before the eight.

So it's going to be just here.

So, very well done if that's where you pointed your pencil.

You may wish to practise that with a few different times, or you can carry on.

It's time for some practise.

First of all, what time do these clocks say? So they all say mm minutes past, but what time specifically do they say? And number two, you're going to draw the times on the clock using the minute hand, so a bit like you just did with your pencil.

This time you're going to draw it on there.

So draw on 21 minutes past, 34 minutes past, and 56 minutes past.

Please use a ruler for that so you can be nice and accurate.

Okay, pause the video.

Good luck with that, and I'll see you soon for some feedback.

How did you get on? Would you like some answers? Of course you would.

Let's have a look.

So A says three minutes past.

B says 29 minutes past.

Now you might have done that quite quickly by thinking, well, it's almost 30 minutes past, but it's one less.

That's what I did.

And then C, well, it's between 50 minutes past and 55 minutes past.

So it's 50 and a bit minutes past.

It's 52 minutes past.

And number two, the drawing the hands looks like this.

So that's 21 minutes past.

So just a bit past the four, which would be 20 past.

B, 34 minutes past is just a bit before the seven, which would be 35 minutes past, and C, 56 minutes past, almost all the way around.

Just a little tiny bit after 55 minutes past, and it's just there.

If you've got those, you're doing amazingly well.

Well done.

And you're ready for the next part of the lesson, I think, which is this, the minute hand and the hour hand.

So up until now we've taken away that hour hand.

Now we're going to put it back on.

The hour hand and the minute hand are both moving at the same time but at different speeds.

Now I must say, it doesn't move this fast.

You probably can tell that.

So the both moving, the minute hand moves more quickly than the hour hand.

They both move quite slowly, though.

You can't really see them moving.

When it's an o'clock time, the hour hand points directly to a number.

So the hour hand is pointing to the one, meaning it's one o'clock.

When it's not an o'clock time the hour hand points somewhere between the numbers.

So this is one o'clock and a bit.

So it's gone past one o'clock.

It's one o'clock and a bit.

This is a different one o'clock and a bit.

It's gone past the one o'clock but it's not yet at the two o'clock.

Now this is two o'clock, so it's exactly on the two this time.

Now we're going to have a look at the o'clocks, but what I want you to do is watch what happens in one hour to the hour hand as the minute hand moves to each five minutes.

Are we ready? So we've got five minutes past one, 10 minutes past one.

Look at that little hour hand.

15 minutes past one.

Can you notice anything? 20 minutes past one.

Got it yet? 25 minutes past one.

I think you're probably starting to spot it.

30 minutes past one.

Let's pause there.

What have you noticed? Have you noticed that that hour hand is moving very slowly, and we're actually now at the halfway point.

This is half past, and you might notice that that our hand is halfway, exactly halfway between the one and the two.

Now it's 35 minutes past one, still moving, 40 minutes past one, still moving.

45 minutes past one, still moving.

50 minutes past one, still moving.

55 minutes past one, still moving.

So that our hand is moving all the time.

Now we're back to two o'clock.

It moves slowly in between the one o'clock and the two o'clock.

The hour hand is in different positions according to how many minutes have gone past.

So let's have a look at this.

This is 24 minutes past one.

The hour hand is showing one and a bit, but it's closer to one because it's before half past.

What about this one? Well, this one is showing 48 minutes past one.

What about the hour hand, though? Look at the position of that.

The hour hand is showing one and a bit just like before, but it's closer to two because it's gone past the half past and in fact it's nearly at two o'clock.

So it's close to two o'clock.

Izzy's teacher is calling out times and she's making them on her clock.

"53 minutes past four," shouts her teacher.

Let's see what she does.

So she's put 53 on just there.

That's her minute hand.

Do you think that's okay? Have a look.

So she thought about the minutes.

Now she's going to think about the hours.

Past four, right, have a look at that.

Has she got it right? Hmm, what do you think? I think she's got some of that right, but not all of it.

I think she's made a little mistake.

Not quite there.

She's forgotten to show four o'clock and a bit on the hour hand.

Yes, look at that hour hand.

That's still showing an o'clock time, but it's not an o'clock time.

It's gone past o'clock.

So she's not thought about moving the hour hand.

She's had another go.

Good for you, Izzy.

That's what the best mathematicians do.

They keep trying.

Is she right this time? Is that showing 53 minutes past four? What do you think? Well, I think she's showing 53 minutes past.

Fantastic.

She's really good at the minutes past part.

Still don't think it's quite right with the hour hand there and the position of it.

The hour hand is on the half past position.

Yes.

Look.

It's halfway between the four and the five, but it's not half past, so that's not where we put that.

It's after half past.

She's going to have another go.

Of course she is.

She's good like that, and she's done this.

Is Izzy right this time? Yes.

Yes she is.

Well done, Izzy.

The hour hand is almost at the next hour.

Just like the minute hand.

Well done, Izzy.

You are brilliant.

So that is showing 53 minutes past four.

The minute hand is in the right position and the hour hand is also in the right position.

Brilliant, Izzy.

Let's do a check.

Let's see if you're brilliant too.

Which of these clocks is showing 22 minutes past seven? Look at the hour hand and the minute hand.

Which one of those is showing 22 minutes past seven? Pause the video.

Did you get it? Let's have a look.

Well, it's not A.

That is showing 22 minutes past, the minute hand's right, but the hour hand isn't.

The hour hand's not showing seven o'clock and a bit.

It's showing seven o'clock.

And it's not B either.

Well, let's have a look at that.

Again, the 22 minutes past is right, but look at the position of the hour hand.

It's almost at the eight, but in fact it's not actually gone past half past with the minute hand, so that's not right.

Is it C then? Yes, it is C.

The hour hand is showing seven o'clock and a bit.

That is the perfect position for both hands.

If you got C, very well done.

Time for some more independent practise, I think.

So, you'll start by looking at this clock.

Is Izzy correct? She's saying, "My clock is showing 43 minutes past two." Is that right? Give us some feedback.

Explain.

Number two, draw the times on the clock using both hands.

So we've got 13 minutes past four.

So think about your hour hand and your minute hand.

33 minutes past nine.

Same for that.

And 49 minutes past 12.

Think particularly about the hour hand.

Where would that go? For number three, with a partner, use either a clock with movable hands, you might have one of those in your classroom, or a paper clock with a pencil and a paperclip.

So the pencil representing the minute hand and the paperclip the hour hand.

Practise making different times using this stem sentence.

Show me mm and then it's past mm.

So in this example, Izzy is saying to Andeep, "Show me 52 minutes past two," and that's what he's done.

So you're going to practise with your own examples.

So have fun with that.

Pause the video and I'll see you soon for some feedback.

So for number one, no, she's not right there.

The hour hand is showing two o'clock.

It needs to be closer to three because the time we're looking for is 43 minutes past two.

So the minute hand was fine, the hour hand needs moving.

Number two, 13 minutes past four looks like this.

So this is 13 minutes past, so 10 and a bit.

And this is where we'd put our four, not on the four, but in between the four and the five and closer to the four because it's not gone half past yet.

For B, that's 33 minutes past nine.

So that's 33 minutes past, and here's where the nine goes.

So about halfway between nine and 10.

And for C, 49 minutes past 12.

That's where your 49 goes, just a little bit before the 10, which is 50 minutes past.

And your 12 needs to be here, almost at the one, because it's almost one o'clock.

And you were doing some practise times here.

So for example, Izzy might have said, and you might have said, "Show me nine minutes past seven." That's nine minutes past, and that is seven and it's just a tiny, tiny bit after seven.

So that's the right position for the hour hand.

We've come to the end of the lesson already.

So today's lesson has been telling and writing the time to the nearest minute past.

We've been very specific today.

The minute hand shows how many minutes between zero and 59 have gone past each hour.

This can be expressed as mm minutes past mm.

The hour hand moves slowly between each hour as the minutes are going past.

You've been amazing today.

Give yourself a little pat on the back to celebrate your achievements.

You've done brilliantly.

Hopefully I'll see you again soon for some more maths.

But until then, enjoy the rest of your day.

Take care, and goodbye.