Lesson video

I hope you're excited to join me in our lesson today.

In our lesson today, we are going to be looking in that about the five pillars of Islam.

So in our last lesson, in a previous lesson, we looked at the six main beliefs of Islam and then we also looked at the five pillars of Islam, but we skimmed through that because we wanted to go into more detail today.

So let's have a look at what we are going to be doing today.

I'm going to give you a brief rundown of our lesson structure.

If it let's me.

There we go, so we're going to begin by using, by going for our star words.

So we're going to look at our key vocabulary, and then we're going to recap our previous lesson.

Then we're going to discuss in detail each of the five pillars of Islam.

We're going to focus at the very end on the Hajj.

And then as of course, we've got to do our end of lesson quiz.

Now that reminds me, don't forget that you need to do your pre quiz.

Your pre quiz is really important because it tests how much you learned in our previous lessons.

So if you haven't done it, go back and go and do it.

And if you did an awesome job on the pre quiz excellent, well done.

If again, if you think, oh I could've done a little bit better, then you can rewatch our videos and then you can have another go.

So let's go into our lesson.

So before we do that, let's have a look at some of the things that we are going to need.

So in this lesson, you are going to need your exercise book or a piece of paper.

You're going to need your pencil and then pencil or pen, or most importantly, your brain do not forget that brain of yours.

It's going to be lots of thinking today, lots of learning.

So if you want to pause the video at this point, you can do that now, Right, let's go into the first part of our learner, which is our star words set.

Hey, we have a star words.

So we've got Islam, which is a monotheistic religion as we know, meaning that in Islam, there is a belief in one God and a religion as a reminder.

It's a set of beliefs about how the universe was made and what its purpose is and the religion usually involves the worship of a God or many gods and they believe in certain ideas about what is right and about what is wrong.

Now, we also got testimony.

My turn then your turn, testimony, testimony, good job.

And a testimony is a statement made under the oath.

And usually you hear about a testimony when you go to court, you have to make a testimony.

Obligatory, my turn then your turn.

Obligatory, obligatory good job and the obligatory means that it's required by law.

So something required by law is obligatory, means it has to be done.

Next, we got charity.

My turn charity, your turn charity, awesome job.

And charity is the giving of help, food, money, et cetera, to those in need.

The giving help, food or money to those in need is called charity.

Then we've got fasting, fasting, fasting, awesome job.

And fasting means to abstain from food or drink.

To abstain from food or drink means fasting.

And the last one we got pilgrimage, pilgrimage, pilgrimage.

I always say pilgrimage, I sometimes get a little bit tongue tied with it.

It's okay, so pilgrimage is a journey to a holy place.

A journey to a holy place is called a pilgrimage.

So let's have a recap of last week's lesson.

So we say that people who follow the religion Islam, are called Muslims, and they believe that Muhammad was the final prophet of God.

Muslims call God Allah, which is the Arabic for God.

And then they believe that they can learn what Allah wants from them.

That Allah's name is written in Arabic, which is the language that Mohammed spoke and that the Qur'an is written in.

And so Muslims think that it's really important to read the Qur'an in Arabic, because they don't want to change the words of God.

Remember that Muslims believe that the Qur'an is the literal word of God and therefore, anything that's in the Qur'an was said by God himself.

So to stop that from being changed, they want to read it in Arabic.

So this is your first task, oh my goodness first task already.

So let's have a look, we're going to complete a sentence.

So Muslims think that it is important to read the Qur'an in Arabic, because they don't want to change the word of who's word do they not want to change? Have a go, so again if you want to pause the video now, do that.

Okay, let's have a look at the answer.

So Muslims think that it's important to read the Qur'an in Arabic because they don't want to change the word of God.

Great job, excellent job guys.

Now let's recap Islam's six main beliefs.

So there are six main beliefs in Islam.

So they are, how many do you remember? So remember there's the belief in the existence and the oneness of God.

So there's one God named Allah, referred to as Allah.

They believe in the existence of angels, such as the angel Gabriel who revealed the Qur'an to Muhammad.

They believe in the existence of the holy books, which revealed God to humans.

They believe in prophets who God spoke through, and that Mohammad was the final prophet.

So Muslims believe in all the other prophets in the Abrahamic religions, in Moses, and Jesus but they believe that Muhammad is the final prophet and there'll be no more prophets after him.

They believe in the day of judgement.

So where people will be sent to heaven or hell.

And then they believe in predestination.

So predestination is that God has already decided what will happen to every person in the world at every single stage of their life.

So we've got one God, we've got two, which is believe in angels, we've got three, which is a belief in the Holy books, we've got four, they believe that Muhammad is the last messenger, you got five, which is the day of judgement , and then we got six predestination.

Those are Islam's six main beliefs.

Now we've got a second question now.

So which of these definitions best describes predestination? Is it A, that God doesn't interfere in anybody's life? Is it B, that God makes some decisions for some people? Is it C, that God has already decided what will happen to every person? Or is it D, God only makes decisions for people until they're 20 years old? A, B, or, C which of these definitions best describes predestination? Again, if you want to pause the video and then have a go.

Okay, let's have a look at the answer ready.

So, which of these definitions best describes what predestination? It is C, that predestination is the belief that God has already decided what will happen to every single person.

Excellent job guys, well done.

Okay, so let's have a look now at the five pillars of Islam.

So last week we talked about the five pillars and those were shahada, it was salat, number two, we had zakat, number three, we had sawm, number four, and we had five which is hajj.

And we said that Shahadah was declaring faith in Allah with Muhammad as his messenger.

We said that salat is praying five times every day.

We said, that zakat is given money to charity.

We said that sawm is fasting in the month of Ramadan, so no food or drink.

And then hajj, making a pilgrimage to Mecca.

So let's start off with the first pillar, which is Shahadah.

So the Shahada is the first of the five pillars.

And the word Shahada means testimony, which is a statement made under oath.

And the Shahada is spoken by Muslims in Arabic.

So I'm going to have a go at saying it in Arabic.

And bear with me 'cause I actually had to learn.

I had to do quite a lot of this, had to practise quite a lot.

So in Arabic, the Shahada is I was trying lots of courage there and what that translates into, into English is that there is no God, but Allah and Mohammad is the messenger of Allah.

And so you can see the shahadah as the declaration of faith in two things.

In they believe in one God and they believe that Muhammad is the final prophet and the final messenger of God.

So when you think of shahadah think, okay, shahadah means believing in one God and they believe in the Muhammad as the final prophet.

So let's have a look.

So during the shahadah, Muslims declare their belief in more than one God.

Is that true or is that false? Have a think and then complete the activities.

Pause the video and have a go at this point.

Okay, let's have a look and see what you said.

During the shahadah, Muslims declare their belief in more than one god.

That is false.

Remember in Islam, there's a belief in one God only.

And Muslims tend to say the shahadah when they pray but also if you are converting to Islam, if you want to become a Muslim, then you have to say the shahada two times in front of witnesses.

So the shahada is used in regular prayer but it's also a way that people can use, they can use that to become Muslims themselves.

So let's have a look at pillar number two.

So we've got pillar number one, which was shahdah.

Pillar number two is now salat and salat is the second of our five pillars.

So the word salat means prayer.

Salat means prayer.

And salat is considered to be obligatory, which means compulsory, for Muslims. And it's compulsory, it means that it hasn't done five times each day.

Now Muslims pray in the direction of a particular direction.

They pray in the direction of Mecca and they pray in the direction of the Kaaba which is known as the house of God.

And the Kaaba is located in Mecca in the grand mosque.

And Muslims pray in the direction of Mecca and this is known as the qibla.

My turn then your turn, qibla, qibla.

So qibla is the direction in which Muslims pray towards Mecca.

And so wherever Muslims are in the world, all Muslims have to face the Kaaba which is considered to be the house of God.

Now, before praying Muslims have to be clean and they make sure of this by performing ritual washing.

So they have to follow a set of guidelines when they wash and that's called wudhu.

My turn then your turn, wudhu, wudhu, awesome job.

And mosque, which is where Muslims sometimes go to pray.

They have special washing facilities where they can do wudhu.

So salat is prayer, it is obligatory.

That means it has to be done and they have to pray five times a day in the direction of the Kaaba, which is in Mecca.

And before praying you have to perform wudhu, you have to be clean before Muslims pray.

So let's have a look at this activity.

In this activity we've got four words, we've got four missing words in these sentences.

So they're going to use these words to fill complete sentences there.

So I'm going to read it to you.

When I see a gap, I'm going to go, and then you have to start thinking about, okay, which word or which phrase goes in that gap.

So, salat means.

Some Muslims believe that is obligatory to pray.

All Muslims, wherever they may be in the world, pray facing the in Mecca, the holiest city in Islam.

Before praying Muslims clean themselves in ritual washing known as.

Okay so guys have a think, which phrase or which word goes in where.

Once you think you've got it, then read it back to yourselves and then see if it makes sense.

You should be using an exercise book to do this if you want to, and remember that you can always send me your work, you can always show us your work on Twitter.

And I'll remind you how to do that at the very end of the lesson.

So pause the video if you want to, and then have it go the independent activity.

Okay, so let's have a look at the answers.

So, salat means prayer.

Some Muslims believe that is obligatory to pray five times a day All Muslims wherever they may be in the world pray facing the Kaaba, which is the house of God, the Mecca.

It's the holiest city in Islam.

So there are your answers.

Awesome job, if you've got that right, I'm going to put it up just for you to review.

Excellent, good job guys.

Let's move on to the third pillar of Islam.

So far we have had two pillars.

We had shahadah, which is the declaration of faith and we had salat which is obligatory prayer.

Let's have a look at the third one now.

So let's have a look.

And we've got a zakat.

And zakat is the third pillar of Islam.

And zakat is all about giving to charity.

Now, Muslims believe that is important to give back to the community, to the poor, to the needy, to the most in need.

And they will usually donate about 2%, 2.

5% of their total income to charity.

Now in most Muslim countries, zakat contributions are voluntary.

So you can make them if you want to, but there are lists of countries where that's mandated and collected by the government.

So the government forces them to pay 2.

5% of the total income as part of zakat.

And some of those countries are Libya, so these are Muslim majority countries where the majority of the population is Muslim.

So we've got Libya, we've got Malaysia, we've got Pakistan, we've got Saudi Arabia, we've got Sudan, and then we've got Yemen.

So in those countries, zakat is obligatory.

That means that 2.

5% of your total income is collected by the government and given to charity.

So zakat which is the third pillar of Islam is charity, which is about giving to the needy, to the most in need.

So let's have a look at your third task.

So in this task it says in which Muslim majority countries is zakat mandatory, that means obligatory, that means has to be done and collected by the government? So let's have a look at the list, so you've got to tick three of them.

So is it in Turkey? Is it in Saudi Arabia? Is it in Yemen? Is it in Syria? Is it in Malaysia? Or is it in Indonesia? So think about the list of countries that I just gave you.

You got to tick three of them where zakat is mandatory and collected by the government.

So again, at this point, pause the video and have a go at the independent activity.

Okay, let's have a look and see how you did.

Please tell me you got them right.

Ready, so in which Muslim majority countries is zakat mandatory and collected by the government? So Saudi Arabia is one of them.

Yemen is one of them.

Yemen is a neighbouring country to Saudi Arabia and Malaysia in Southeast Asia is also a place where zakat is mandatory.

So Saudi Arabia, Malaysia and Yemen are the three countries where zakat is collected by the government.

Awesome job guys, well done.

Now let's move on to the fourth pillar of Islam.

So we've got shahadah, number one, zakat is number two, number three.

Sorry shahadah's number one, number two is salat, obligatory prayer, zakat is number three which is charity.

Let's move on to number four.

So pillar number four is sawm.

And during the holy month of Ramadan, Muslims will tend to fast.

And this means that nothing must pass their lips during daylight hours, therefore they cannot eat or drink.

And this is observed by Muslims worldwide as a month of fasting.

And they do so in order to concentrate on prayer, to concentrate on reflection and to concentrate on their families and their community.

And Ramadan tends to be celebrated as a commemoration of Mohammed's first revelation from the angel Gabriel.

Now there are some exceptions to people who don't have to fast during Ramadan.

So for example, very young children do not have to fast, pregnant women don't have to fast either, the sick and the elderly are also exempted from fasting for health reasons.

So fasting tends to be from sunrise to sunset and it's considered obligatory for all adult Muslims, except for the people who are exempted here.

And at the end of the day, at the end of the day, Muslims often break their fast together in the evening.

With a large meal, either at home or at the mosque.

So sawm is all about fasting during the month of Ramadan.

So let's have a look at the fourth activity so which is the exception? So sawm is fasting during the month of Ramadan, which one of these groups is exempted? Remember exempted means that they do not have to do it.

So they're not obliged to them.

So let's have a look at the options.

So is it soldiers? Is it police officers who don't have to do it? Is it teachers? Is it women? Is it the wealthy? Or is it children? So which one of these groups exempted from fasting during Ramadan? So have a look it's only one of them.

So at this point, pause the video and then have a go.

Okay, let's have a look and see what the answer was.

Ready, so, which is the exception? So sawm is fasting during the month of Ramadan, which one of these groups, is exempted, tick one.

The answer was it's children.

So children, traditionally not considered to have to fast.

Some children do start from quite a young age in order to prepare themselves for when they are adults and so that they can cope with fasting better.

But they are not forced to, it is not obligatory on them to fast.

So let's have a look at the last section and the last pillar of Islam.

So, so far we covered all four.

We covered four.

So we covered shahadah, which is the declaration of faith, number two which was salat, which was obligatory prayer, number three, which was zakat which was giving to charity, number four which you just saw is sawm, which is fasting.

Now let's have a look at the last one, the last pillar of Islam, which is hajj.

Now, hajj is the final pillar of Islam and it's a special journey to Mecca which is the holiest city in Islam.

Remember that a pilgrimage is a journey to a holy place.

Now hajj usually takes place over six days and there are specific activities on each day and each year over 2 million Muslims complete the hajj from all over the world.

Now the meaning of the word hajj is heading to a place for the sake of visiting and so hajj is a pilgrimage made to the Kaaba, remember the Kaaba is known as the house of God in the sacred city of Mecca in Saudi Arabia.

And one of the most important traditions of the hajj is walking around the Kaaba seven times.

Had to check that I was using seven.

So seven times, and this is called the tawaf.

My turn then your turn, tawaf, tawaf, good job.

So tawaf is when you circle the kabba seven times and this circling of the kabba is believed to demonstrate the unity of all Muslims, of all the believers and the worship of one God, as they move in harmony around the Kaaba whilst praying to God.

Now the hajj is considered to be a mandatory religious duty for all Muslims that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime, by those who are capable physically but also financially of undertaking the journey and that they are able to support their family during their absence.

So if you are healthy enough, and if you have the resources, the financial resources to do the hajj, then it is obligatory to do it at least once in your life.

Many Muslims do it more than once in their life.

Now the hajj is not the only pilgrimage is not exclusive to Islam.

So pilgrims is not exclusive to Islam.

In other religions they also perform pilgrimages.

So in Buddhism, people often visit Lumbini, which is the considered to be the birthplace of the Buddha.

In Catholicism, people often visit the Vatican where the pope, which is the leader of the Catholic church resides.

In Judaism, observant Jews often visit the Western Wall, which is considered to be the only remaining part of the second temple, which was destroyed in 70 CE by the Romans.

And in Sikhism, the Golden Temple is significant.

The Golden Temple is in Amritsar in the north of India.

And the Golden Temple is significant because it houses the Sikh's holy book, the Adi Granth, when it was completed in 1604.

So you can see that pilgramages also happen in other religions, not just in Islam.

So let's have a look at our last activity, I think.

So during the tawaf, Muslims circle around the Kaaba, the house of God, nine times.

Is that true or is that false? So again, have a think.

Pause the video, if you need to, and then have a go.

Okay, let's see what you thought.

So during tawaf, Muslims circle around the Kaaba the house of God, nine times.

True or false? That is false because it is seven times.

Well done, if you said false and you knew it was seven times.