Hello, my name is Miss Willow, and I'm going to be guiding you through today's learning.

Today's lesson is called Online Motivations and Bias, and it fits into our unit called Media Influence, How do I decide what is true online? In today's lesson, we're going to be talking a little bit about discrimination, so we recommend that for this lesson you have an adult with you.

If at any point you do become upset or uncomfortable, it's really important that you close the screen and that you go and speak to a trusted adult.

Okay, let's move on to today's learning.

By the end of today's lesson, you'll be able to explain different reasons why people post online, and you'll be able to consider how bias can affect this.

Before we get started, we need to go over some ground rules.

These help to make sure that everyone stays safe and comfortable throughout today's lesson.

Laura says that we need to listen to others, and that means we are not going to interrupt other people if they're speaking.

Jacob says we need to not have any judgement.

That means we're not going to judge other people for what they think, how they feel, or what they've experienced.

Andeep says that we need to respect each other's privacy, and that means we're not going to ask anyone any personal questions as this can make some people feel uncomfortable.

And finally, Izzy tells us that it's up to us how much we want to join in.

We can choose our level of participation.

We're now going to look at today's keywords.

These are gonna come up multiple times throughout today's lesson, so it's really important that we have a good understanding of what each keyword means.

First of all, we've got motivation.

Motivation is the reason why someone does something, the word post, in this context, this means to put something online such as a video image or text.

Bias, this is a feeling that influences how you respond to a situation or person.

And biassed, this is a word to describe someone who feels biassed towards someone else.

As we go through today's lesson, keep an eye out and see if you can spot these key words and see if you can remember what they mean.

Okay.

Today's lesson is split into three learning cycles.

The first learning cycle is called Why Do People Post Online? The second learning cycle is called Are People Always Fair and Unbiased? And our final learning cycle is called What Are Other People's Motivations Online? Let's make a start on our first learning cycle.

Why do people post online? The internet allows us to communicate and share information.

Some examples of this are through news articles, social media and online learning.

People are motivated to post online for different reasons.

For example, if someone's posting news articles online, this could be because they want to spread information about a topic or event.

They might want to spread awareness of a certain issue.

So that more people are aware of the topic or event.

For some people like journalists and reporters, it's their job to post news online.

People might post on social media because they want to seek support from others.

They might want to communicate with others.

They might want to share an image or video.

They might want to spread information.

They might want to express an opinion.

They might want to receive approval or engagement from others.

When we use the term engagement in this context, we're talking about things like like, and comments and watch.

Anyway that someone interacts with something online.

People can also post on social media because they want to build and maintain relationships.

The internet also offers information that we can learn from.

So when people use the internet for online learning, they can use videos, articles, and images to learn about topics that we want to know more about.

However, it's important to remember that not all information posted online is true, and we should always get our information` from reliable sources.

In general, people post online to engage with others in some way.

So this person says, "I post online to show my friends what I'm doing." This person says they post online to share their thoughts and opinions.

And this person has said that they post online because they like it when people respond to what they post.

Let's do a check for understanding to see how you're getting on so far.

Why might someone post on social media? A, to communicate with others? B, to avoid engagement from others? Or C, to receive approval from others? For this question, there might be more than one correct answer, so think carefully, pause the video, tell the person next to you, tell me, or have a think to yourself.

Well done if you said A and C, someone might post on social media because they want to communicate with others and they might want to receive approval from others.

Well done if you got this one correct.

Some people are paid to post online, including influencers.

They might be paid to promote a product or to promote a company.

Influencers or people who are hoping to be influencers can also be motivated by fame, popularity and passion.

Influencers may post online because they want to become famous.

They might post online because they want to become popular and posting online often results in more likes and followers.

Some people are motivated by passion, because they enjoy posting online as it allows them to be creative.

However, it can be quite difficult to be certain of the reasons that people post online.

It's important to be aware of the reasons why people post online, so we can think critically about what we see.

When we think critically.

We check to see if something online is accurate and understand the different motivations for posting online.

Some people have a particular message that they want to communicate online, so they'll post images, videos and text which all communicate this message.

For example, this message could be about protecting the environment.

It could be about politics, or it could be about their own ideas and beliefs.

Let's do another check for understanding to see how you're getting on.

Is this statement true or false? All influences are only motivated by passion.

What do you think? Is this true or false? Pause the video, tell the person next to you, tell me or have a think to yourself.

Well done if you said false, but why? Influences can be motivated by multiple reasons such as passion, popularity, fame, and money.

It can be difficult to know what influences are motivated by.

Well done.

If you said this or something similar.

I'd now like you to put your learning from this learning cycle into practise.

First of all, I'd like you to match the speech bubble to the motivation to post online.

After that, I'd like you to make some guesses about what else might motivate each person.

Pause the video and I look forward to seeing what you come up with.

Okay, let's have a look and see what I got and you can see if we got the same.

So for the speech bubble which says, I post online to show my friends what I'm doing.

This motivation is to engage with others.

In the speech bubble, which says, I post news articles onto our website.

This motivation is to spread information.

And for the final speech rubble, I post adverts and social media.

This motivation could be to earn money.

Well done if you got this correct.

For the next task, you might have said, I post online to show my friends what I'm doing.

These other motivations could be to build relationships or communicate with others So I post news articles onto our website.

Some other motivations might be to spread awareness or to earn money.

For the speech bubble which says, I post adverts on social media.

Some other motivations could be to gain fame or to gain popularity.

Well done if you've got this or something similar.

Well done, we've reached the end of our first learning cycle and you are doing a fantastic job so far.

Let's move on to our second learning cycle.

Are people always fair and unbiased? Everyone is biassed in some way, even if we don't always realise it, and this is called unconscious bias.

We can be biassed towards other people by thinking more positively about them, but we can also be biassed against other people by automatically thinking more negatively about them sometimes without even realising it.

For example, we can be biassed to think more positively about our friends because we like them.

Sam says, "I heard your friend called someone else an unkind name." But Jun says, "That can't be true.

They're kind to me." Because Jun is friends with this person that Sam's talking about.

He is positively biassed towards his friend, so he's less likely to believe that they did something unkind.

Because this doesn't match what Jun believes in.

We can also be biassed to think more negatively about somebody else.

Sam says, I heard that person you don't like helped someone else with their homework.

But Jun says, "That can't be true; they probably just copied them." Because Jun doesn't like this person that Sam's talking about.

He is negatively biassed towards them.

And he's less likely to believe that they did something kind because it doesn't match what he believes in.

Everyone experiences bias to some degree.

Bias means that what people do and say is viewed in a particular way.

The same event could be viewed in multiple different ways, both positively and negatively by people who have biases.

For example, this person in the classroom says, "Having a new teacher is horrible because change is scary." But the person next to him says, "Having a new teacher is great because change is exciting." These are two people experiencing the same situation, but because they have different biases, they're seeing the situation in a different way.

For the person that says that having a new teacher is horrible because change is scary, we can see that they're negatively biassed towards having a new teacher because this person finds change scary.

This person says, "Having a new teacher is great because change is exciting." This is someone who's positively biassed towards having a new teacher because he finds change exciting.

Let's do another check for understanding.

True or false? You can only be biassed negatively against somebody else.

What do you think? Is this true or false? Pause the video.

Tell the person next to you, tell me, or have a think to yourself.

Well done if you said false, but why? You can be biassed towards someone.

For example, thinking more positively about someone because they're your friend.

As well as being negatively biassed against someone else.

Well done if you got this one correct.

Many people are biassed online and they can be biassed against specific groups of people.

For example, some of the groups that people can be biassed against are based on their age, their gender, their ethnicity, their sexuality, their religion.

People can use the internet to spread harmful messages, ideas, and stories about these groups in order to spread their own biassed beliefs.

Even if we try to be kind and fair to everyone, everyone is biassed in some way.

However, it's important to recognise when we are biassed as this is the first step in overcoming prejudice.

Prejudice is thinking badly of someone because of who they are or what they look like.

By understanding our own biases, we can start to challenge prejudice when we see it.

How we act, when we recognise our own biases, this is what determines whether we're always fair and kind.

If we recognise a bias in ourselves or other people, it's important to challenge it.

Sam says, "I could remind Jun about his biases towards his friend and against somebody he doesn't like so that he can challenge his own bias." And Jun says, "That even if a friend is kind to me, they could still be unkind to someone else.

Similarly, someone I don't like can still be kind to others." Okay, let's do another check for understanding.

Do you agree with what Sophia says? Sophia says, "I'm not biassed against anybody as I'm fair and kind to everyone." What do you think? Pause the video, tell the person next to you, tell ne, or have a think to yourself.

Sophia is incorrect because everyone is biassed in some way.

It's important to recognise our own biases so that we can challenge them, as this is the fair and kind thing to do.

Well done if you got this correct.

Okay, let's put your learning from this learning cycle into practise.

I'd like you to fill in the blanks to show your understanding of bias.

In the paragraph, there are different gaps.

At the bottom of the screen, there are some words that we've used in today's lesson.

In the paragraph, there are different gaps where those words should go.

Can you see if you can put the right word into the right space in the paragraph? Pause the video, you can work with the person next to you if you'd find it useful.

And I look forward to seeing what you come up with.

Okay, let's have a look and see what I put, and you can see if you got the same thing.

You should have written.

Everyone is biassed in some way even if we don't realise it.

This is called unconscious bias.

We can be biassed to think more positively or negatively about somebody else.

Many people are biassed online towards specific groups of people.

The first step in challenging prejudice is recognising bias and taking action to be kind and fair to everyone.

Well done if you got this right.

Now going to move on to our final learning cycle.

You are doing a fantastic job so far, so keep it up.

What are other people's motivations online? Some people post online because they want to spread a harmful message about certain groups of people.

These messages can be spread through text posts on social media.

They can be spread through images and videos.

And they can be spread through comments online.

One example of this is bias against women online.

The internet is unfortunately used by some people to spread harmful attitudes against women, and this is called misogyny.

They use the internet to make sexist jokes to insult women.

To stereotype women and to bully women.

People who are biassed against women feel motivated to spread, damaging and sexist messages about women using the internet.

Someone who is biassed against women might spread stereotypical and harmful messages online.

For example, they might say something like, women should stay at home, only men should work as they are better at running businesses.

It's really important to consider what biases someone may have when they post online, particularly if they are trying to portray an opinion as fact.

For example, this could look like someone on the internet saying, "A study found that businesses run by men are more successful than businesses run by women, and this means that women are better off staying at home instead of working." Even statements which sound like a fact can be biassed as people can manipulate information depending on what their motivation is.

Let's do a check for understanding to see how you're getting on.

Is this statement true or false? All content posted online is unbiased.

What do you think? Pause the video, tell the person next to you, tell me, or have a think to yourself.

Well done if you said false, but why? Some people post biassed information and messages online about a particular group.

For example, women can face bias online because some people want to spread harmful attitudes against women.

By understanding people's motivations online, we can decide how to react to them.

We should always think critically about what we see online as everyone has different motivations for posting online that we don't always know about.

Understanding someone's motivation for posting online means that we're able to better understand what is true and what is false online.

There are steps we can take to recognise if someone is biassed.

For example, let's go back to this scenario.

Online, someone has said, "A study found that businesses run by men are more successful than businesses run by women.

This means that women are better off staying at home instead of working." Alex has seen this online and he's going to use some questions to help understand if this person's biassed.

We can ask questions of the online content, like what message does the send about women, and what else have they posted about women, which might show that they're biassed.

In this scenario, Alex has looked this person up and he's tried to find the answer to these questions.

Alex says that this sends a harmful message that women should not run businesses.

This person's other posts also suggests that they hold other stereotypical views against women, so this is an example of someone who is biassed against women.

It's important to remember that information can be manipulated to support another person's opinion.

In this scenario, this might be a real study, but it may have found that there are more businesses run by men, which doesn't necessarily mean that businesses run y women are less successful.

This person has manipulated information online to support their own biassed opinion.

Let's do another check for understanding.

Why should we try to understand people's motivations online? Is it A, to decide how to react to them.

B, to decide if their content is good or not.

Or C, to better understand what is true or false? What do you think? Pause the video, tell the person next to you, tell me, or have a think to yourself.

Well done.

If you said A and C, we should try to understand people's motivations online because it can help us decide how to react to them and it can help us to better understand what is true and what is false.

Well done if got this correct.

Another example of bias is when people, particularly influencers, promote their own products in order to earn money.

This is Holly and she's an influencer.

She says online, "You should buy my new skincare range! It is amazing!" When promoting their own products, they're motivated by money, so they may be positively biassed towards their own products.

If they're paid to promote another company.

This could be an example of showing positive bias towards the company.

We do not always know people's motivations online, but it can be helpful to make a sensible guess.

We can ask ourselves like Aisha says, "Are they being paid to say it because it's an advert?" Like Lucas says, "Are they trying to communicate a message about a group of people?" Like Laura says, "What do they gain from posting this? For example, popularity or fame?" Being motivated by popularity, money, fame, or bias does not always mean that someone's lying.

However, making a sensible guess about someone's motivations online means we can decide for ourselves if we trust what someone is saying.

We can also be more confident in our own beliefs and opinions and the knowledge that supports those beliefs.

Let's do another check for understanding.

True or false.

It's important to think about a person's motivation for posting online when we are using the internet.

What do you think? Pause the video, tell the person next to you, tell me, or have a think to yourself.

While done if you said true, but why? By thinking about a person's motivation for posting online, we can try to identify any bias to help us know if they're being truthful.

Now, let's put your learning from this learning cycle into practise.

Look at each scenario and make a sensible guess about what the motivation is behind posting it.

Henry says, "I'm loving this new energy drink.

Everyone should go out and buy it because it tastes incredible." This anonymous person on the internet says, "A study found that boys are better than girls at maths.

This means girls should only learn how to cook." For each scenario, make a sensible guess about what the motivation is behind posting it.

Pause the video and I look forward to seeing what you come up with.

Okay, let's have a look and see what you might have said.

For Henry's scenario when he says, "I am loving this new energy drink, everyone should go out and buy it because it tastes incredible." He might be posting this because he's being paid to say it.

As he is recommending that other people buy the drink, we can make a sensible guess that he's being paid by the energy drink company to promote the drink, and this means that he might be showing bias towards the company.

Well done if you said the same thing.

Now let's look and see what anonymous says.

Anonymous said that a study found that boys are better than girls at maths, and this means that girls should only learn how to cook.

Anonymous might be posting this because they want to communicate a harmful message about women.

We can make a guess that they have stereotypical views about women and that they may have changed what the study have said to fit their opinion.

This means that they might be biassed against women.

Well done if you said the same thing.

Okay, we are now going to summarise the key learning from today's lesson.

In today's lesson, we've learned that everyone is motivated by things like money, passion, fame, popularity, or trying to communicate a message.

We've learned that everyone is biassed in some way, even if people don't mean to be.

Recognising our own bias is important for reducing prejudice.

Understanding people's motivations online can help us decide how to react to them and help us understand what is true online.

We do not always know people's motivations, but we can make a sensible guess.

This can help us understand what may be a lie or what may have been manipulated to fit someone else's viewpoint.

In today's lesson, we've covered some quite tricky topics.

If you feel like you need any support or if you have any questions, it's really important that you speak to a trusted adult so that they can help you.

There are also some organisations on the screen who are there to offer you any additional support if anything in this lesson has made you feel uncomfortable or upset.

Well done for your fantastic hard work in today's lesson, I've really enjoyed teaching you and I hope to see you again soon.