Hello, I'm Miss T.

, and welcome to today's lesson.

Today we're going to be talking about feeling unwell, and that's part of our staying safe and healthy unit on how do I maintain physical health.

So our lesson outcome for today is I can describe how to treat minor illnesses myself, and when it is important to seek further support.

Before we get started on today's lesson, it's really important that we think about the ground rules that we follow when we're having discussions in our classrooms. We've got Laura firstly saying, "Listen to others.

It's okay to disagree with each other, but we should listen properly before making assumptions, or deciding how to respond.

And when we disagree, we challenge the statement, we don't challenge the person." We've got Jacob saying, "No judgement.

We can explore beliefs and misunderstandings about a topic without fear of being judged." Andeep tell us to respect privacy.

He says, "We can discuss examples, but we do not use names or descriptions that could identify anyone, including ourselves." And finally, Izzy reminds us to choose the level of participation that is right for us.

"Everyone has the right to choose not to answer a question, or join a discussion.

We never put anyone on the spot." So with those in mind, let's get started with today's lesson.

So we have four key words that we're going to be using in our lesson today.

The first one is symptom.

A physical or mental feature that indicates a condition or disease.

The second one is self-care, which is the practise of taking action to preserve, or improve a person's own health.

The third one is hydration, which is maintaining an adequate amount of water in the body to support its functions.

And finally, the word persistent, continuing to exist or endure over a prolonged period.

As we go through the lesson today, see if you can notice where these keywords are used, and see if you can use them in your own responses.

So in this lesson today on feeling unwell, we've got two lesson outlines.

How can I identify and treat symptoms of feeling unwell? And when do I need to seek medical help for when I'm feeling unwell? So our first lesson outline, how can I identify and treat symptoms? Let's get started.

Everyone feels unwell sometimes.

Being unwell is when you notice a change in your physical, or emotional health.

Sofia says, "I've been feeling really tired this week, and my throat is sore." Sam says, "Last week, I had a stomachache." And Andeep says, "My dad has the flu, and is feeling really unwell." So lots of examples of illness that these students, or their parents are experiencing.

Most of the time, the symptoms of feeling unwell are signs of a minor illness.

These symptoms are often short-term, so they don't last very long, and can be managed at home through self-care treatments.

A minor illness is an illness that can be treated at home, or is uncomplicated, so it doesn't need medical attention.

Most minor illnesses are linked to one of these areas.

Colds or respiratory illnesses, digestive issues, skin problems, and mild allergic reactions.

Colds and respiratory illnesses are the most common minor illnesses that we might experience.

And symptoms of these can include, for the common cold, a runny nose, sneezing, sore throat, a mild cough, headache, or a slight temperature.

For a sore throat, we might experience pain or scratchiness in the throat.

Sometimes this can make your voice hoarse, or make it painful to speak.

And for a mild cough, there might be a slight tension in the chest, and a tickly throat that might lead to some mild coughing.

Dr.

Elsie says, "It's called the common cold because so many people get it." A cold or cough normally goes away on its own.

However, there are some self-care treatments that can help someone to feel better, and can help to prevent it from getting worse.

So these include getting rest and sleep.

This is important because you can feel fatigued, tired, when you feel unwell.

Sleep can help to repair the body, and improve that immunity that we have.

You can also make sure that you stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids, but try to avoid any caffeine or sugary drinks, because this can make dehydration worse.

Other ways to practise self-care for a cold or cough can include eating nutritious food, including fruits and vegetables with vitamin C, like oranges or strawberries, because they're really helpful for protecting the body's cells, and keeping us healthy.

You can also use a nasal spray, but make sure that's under guidance from a pharmacist, or even take a warm shower to help ease congestion.

In this check for understanding, we've got three pictures.

So which of the following food options do you think would be recommended for someone when they have a cold? Pause your screen while you think about your answer.

If you identified that image C, oranges, would be the best food option for when you have a cold, then you'd be correct.

Sometimes people might get digestive problems, and these can include a mild stomachache, nausea, or that kind of sense of feeling sick, or some mild diarrhoea.

If you have a stomachache, that could be from eating too much, maybe having gas, or mild irritation from a certain type of food.

Nausea could be from travel sickness, sometimes from emotional changes, or it could be from a virus or bacteria in the stomach.

And mild diarrhoea could come from a virus, or bacteria in the stomach.

Often we call that just a stomach bug, or it could be a response to a particular type of food.

Most digestive illnesses are mild, and they will go away after a few days.

Drinking plenty of water to maintain hydration, and getting lots of rest can help.

We also need to make sure that we avoid foods with too much sugar or artificial sweetener, as well as fizzy drinks and juice.

Because these can prolong some of those digestive symptoms. Dr.

Elsie says, "Also make sure that you wash your hands regularly to prevent passing on any of this bacteria to other people." Other minor conditions that can be managed at home include skin conditions like a mosquito bite, a mild rash, sunburn, or dry and itchy skin.

And Dr.

Elsie says, "For all of these, you can use over-the-counter creams to help.

However, you must speak to a pharmacist, and these will only be given to an accompanying adult." So over-the-counter medicines and pain-reducing medicines such as cough medicine, ibuprofen and paracetamol can be helpful when treating minor illnesses.

These can be bought from a pharmacy, and you can ask advice from a pharmacist about which medicine would be most helpful.

However, most stores will only sell over-the-counter medications to someone who is 16 or over.

You must always follow the dosage instructions given by the pharmacist, and these are also written on the label.

In this check for understanding, can you give me the answer to this question? Most stores require you to be over which age to buy over-the-counter medications from a pharmacy? Is it A, 16? B, 18? Or C, 21? Pause your screen while you think about your answer.

If you identified that A, 16, was the right answer, then you'd be correct.

Aches and pains are also a common issue.

We can sometimes feel stiff or achy.

And this is when our bodies might feel a little sore.

This is very common, and can be for a number of reasons.

It could be as a symptom of feeling unwell, like a raised temperature, or a slight fever.

They can make our bodies feel a bit tired, or achy.

It could be muscle stiffness.

That could be from doing too much, or sometimes not enough physical activity.

It could also be as a response to a sprain, or a slightly injured muscle.

Ways to practise self-care when you're feeling stiff, or achy can include gentle stretching, maintaining good levels of hydration, or applying warmth, like a heat patch, or having a warm bath.

Headaches can also come from tension in someone's muscles.

You could also get a headache as a symptom of a cough or a cold, or even from feeling anxious or worried.

If you do experience a headache, trying to relax, eating healthily, staying hydrated with water, and taking paracetamol if needed, can all help.

If you do take paracetamol, it should always be under the supervision of an adult to ensure that that dosage is correct.

In this check for understanding, can you complete this sentence? "Aches and pains can often be treated through practising self-care.

This can include gentle, blank, applying, blank, and making sure you stay blank." Pause your screen while you complete that sentence.

So your completed sentence should look like this.

"Aches and pains can often be treated through practising self-care.

This can include gentle stretching, applying warmth, and making sure you stay hydrated." So in Task A, we've got Jacob and Sam, and they're both feeling unwell.

Can you read through each of their symptoms, and recommend how they can help themselves feel better through some self-care treatments? Jacob says, "I've had a mild stomachache recently.

I think it might be from eating a food that I'm not used to because it's made me feel a bit nauseous." Sam says, "I've had a bit of a cold this week.

I have a runny nose.

I'm very congested and keep sneezing." So look at their symptoms, and can you think about how they can make themselves feel better through self-care treatments? So you are looking at Jacob and Sam's symptoms, and looking at how they can make themselves feel better.

So your recommendations may have looked like this.

"Jacob has a stomach bug.

He needs to make sure that he stays hydrated by drinking plenty of water, and ensure that he gets plenty of rest.

He should also avoid any sugary foods, or artificial sweetener, because this can prolong the symptoms. Sam has a cold.

She needs to get some rest and stay hydrated.

She could also eat fruits with vitamin C, use a nasal spray under guidance from a pharmacist, or take a warm shower to help ease that congestion." So moving on to our second lesson outline for today.

When do I need to seek medical help? Because although there are many ways for us to use self-care treatments when we're feeling unwell, it's also very important to seek help when symptoms persist, when they continue, or when they worsen.

Dr.

Elsie says, "You should always contact a doctor if symptoms persist or get worse.

You can also speak to your local pharmacist.

You can call 111 if in England, or organise an online consultation with your doctor.

For any serious or emergency conditions, you should call 999.

Sometimes people look up their symptoms on the Internet.

Reliable sites, such as the NHS website, can be helpful for general advice.

But remember, this won't be specific to the person.

But be careful, because many Internet searches can provide incorrect information that isn't suitable and isn't appropriate.

Some sites may scare someone by suggesting an incorrect diagnosis, or even try to sell them medication.

So if you have any questions about your health, it's always better to speak to a healthcare professional.

True, or false, in this check for understanding.

You should always search for your symptoms on the Internet before seeing a doctor.

Pause your screen while you decide your answer.

If you decided that the statement that you should always search for your symptoms on the Internet before seeing a doctor was false, then you are correct.

And that's because Internet searches can provide incorrect information or advice.

They might scare someone with an incorrect diagnosis, or even try to sell medication.

Questions about your health should always be taken to a health professional.

As well as persistent symptoms, or symptoms getting worse, there are some other signs that someone might need to see a doctor.

For example, if you have a high fever over 38 degrees Celsius that doesn't go down, or last more than a few days, or if you feel faint and dizzy, then you should always see a doctor for advice.

You should also seek professional advice if you have a cough that lasts more than two weeks, a very tight chest, or any trouble breathing, if you've been coughing up green mucus or any blood.

Symptoms of a more serious stomachache that needs medical attention include vomiting that just won't stop, or diarrhoea that lasts more than two days, or stomach pain that doesn't go away.

Generally, a mild skin rash can clear up quickly.

But if it doesn't, it may be something that a doctor needs to look at, because you may need prescription medication.

A doctor should always be seen if someone has a rash that's spreading quickly, a skin that is swollen or painful, or red spots or dots that don't fade when you press them with a glass.

We've got Nurse Daniel here.

He says, "If you have any worries about any symptom, you should always speak to a medical professional." And Dr.

Elsie adds, "We will always want to give you the correct advice and help when necessary." In this check for understanding, we're going to look at high temperatures.

So a high temperature is considered to be anything over 36 degrees Celsius, 37 degrees Celsius, or 38 degrees Celsius? Pause your screen while you think about your answer.

So the answer for this check for understanding, a high temperature is considered to be anything over 38 degrees Celsius.

Moving on to Task B now.

Read Dr.

Elsie's advice, and then answer the questions on the next slide.

Dr.

Elsie says, "Most illnesses are minor, and can be treated at home.

However, it is important to understand when to seek help from a medical professional.

This could be a pharmacist, health worker, nurse, or doctor.

Having a high temperature, a cough that won't go away, a tight chest, or trouble breathing, are all signs that you need to seek help.

A more serious rash is one that is spreading, causes pain, or has red spots that do not fade when pressed with a glass.

And you should see a doctor about this.

A symptom that is persistent or gets worse should always be checked out." So now we've read Dr.

Elsie's advice, have a look at the questions that you need to respond to.

Number one, which health professionals can you see for advice about any medical symptoms that you might have? Number two, what symptoms should you definitely seek medical help for? And number three, how do you know when to seek help for a rash? Your answers to those questions may have included, for number one, if you have any worries about your health, you should see a medical professional.

This includes pharmacists, health workers, nurses, and doctors.

For number two, it is really important to seek medical help if you have a persistent high temperature of over 38 degrees Celsius, a cough that lasts longer than two weeks, a tight chest or trouble breathing, because all of these could be signs of something more serious.

And for number three, any rash that spreads quickly, where the spots don't fade if pressed with a glass, or that is painful or swollen, needs to be seen by a health professional.

So in summary, from today's lesson, most of the time, the symptoms of feeling unwell are signs of a minor illness.

A minor illness is an illness that can be treated at home, or is uncomplicated, so it doesn't need medical attention.

Most minor illnesses are linked to colds and respiratory illnesses, digestive issues, skin problems, or mild allergic reactions.

Self-care treatments for these can include rest, hydration, eating nutritious food, applying warmth, and using over-the-counter medications or pain relief under the supervision of an adult.

However, if symptoms persist or become worse, it is important to seek medical attention from a healthcare professional, such as a pharmacist, nurse, or doctor, because they may be able to prescribe specific medication to help.

If you want more information, or you want to access any support, you can do this through the NHS Live Well.

This is where you can get advice about healthy living and exercise.

You can also access the NHS website.

This is where you can get advice about health and prevention, including how to access their different services.