Lesson video

Welcome to the RSHE lesson on Drugs and alcohol, my name is Mr. Duffy, I'm really glad you joined me today.

We're going to look at today the harmful effects of tobacco.

This lesson covers issues about the harmful effects of tobacco.

If this is a sensitive topic to you, we recommend checking with a trusted adult before starting or doing the lesson with a trusted adult nearby.

So for this lesson you will need an exercise book or a paper 'cause you're going to need to write some things down and in which case you're going to need a pen or a pencil.

Hopefully you've done your intro quiz.

We then going to look at the types of tobacco use, vaping and e-cigarettes, tobacco and its effects and your exit quiz at the end of the lesson.

So, let's take a look at some key words there.

An e-cigarette is an electronic device that stimulates tobacco smoking and tobacco contains the highly addictive stimulant nicotine, as well as harmala.

Dry tobacco leaves are mainly used for smoking cigarettes and cigars as well as pipes and Shishas.

So, let's take a look at the law to remind ourselves.

You must be over 18 to buy cigarettes in the UK.

If you are under 16 the police have the right to confiscate your cigarettes.

It is illegal for shops to sell you cigarettes if you are under the age of 18 and it's also illegal for an adult to buy you cigarettes if you are under the age of 18.

Finally, it's also illegal to smoke in a car with a child and a child is a person who is under the age of 18.

So, let's talk about tobacco uses.

Most people smoke tobacco in a cigarette.

Cigarettes can be manufactured or hand-rolled using rolling tobacco.

Shisha is a flavoured tobacco that is smoked using a water pipe.

Other types of tobacco include cigars, cigar rolls and chewing tobacco.

So, do e-cigarettes contain nicotine? Is that true or false? Do e-cigarettes contain nicotine? It is true.

Most e-cigarettes do contain nicotine.

Nicotine is highly addictive and can harm adolescent brain development which continues into the early to mid-twenties.

E-cigarettes can contain other harmful substances besides nicotine.

And it is these chemicals that we're just not sure how dangerous they are on health.

So, vaping is the inhaling of a vapour created by an electronic cigarette or vaping device.

E-cigarettes are battery powered smoking devices.

They have cartridges filled with the liquid that usually contain nicotine flavourings and chemicals.

The liquid is heated to a vapour, which the person inhales that's why e-cigarettes is called vaping.

So, why are e-cigarettes dangerous then if it contains nicotine, but none of the other harmful chemicals that smoking contains? why are e-cigarettes dangerous? Well, it's those other chemicals, those toxins are poisons which we just don't know how they affect the body.

They are highly addictive and because it contains all those other chemicals, someone's smoking them over a prolonged period of time because they are addicted, could have health implications and that's why they are dangerous.

And obviously like I said they contain nicotine which is dangerous in itself.

So, Chelsea has friends that liked to smoke an e-cigarette they offer Chelsea one to try.

What would your advice be to Chelsea? Pause the video and I'll see in a second.

Welcome back, so my advice to Chelsea would be that essentially is not to try it because it's highly addictive.

It's likely that if Chelsea was to try it, well she may enjoy it, in which case her body would want more and more or certainly her brain would want more and more because she likes the effects of the nicotine.

That potentially would mean that she becomes addicted.

So, first and foremost, my advice would be, they are highly addictive.

My other piece of advice would be that because of the chemicals and the toxins within an e-cigarette we don't actually know what the health implications are.

So, we're not sure what the health implications would be on Chelsea.

So my advice that will be there's other chemicals in them, it could harm your health.

So, it's really important that she understands this information so that she can make an informed decision.

But my advice to her would be not to smoke it.

So smoking then so different to an e-cigarette, which is a chemical though containing nicotine, but vaping we're going to look at smoking using a cigarette.

Now this is very harmful to health.

We know this.

It is estimated that nearly one in every five deaths of people aged over 35 in England are connected to smoking.

Tobacco smoke contains many harmful substances and these include tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide.

So, the effects then.

So tar causes cancer of the lungs, mouth and throat.

It coats inside of the lungs including the alveoli causing coughing.

It damages the alveoli making it more difficult for gases exchange to happen.

What this means is, that it's harder for the body to exhale carbon monoxide.

So we inhale oxygen and we exhale carbon monoxide but because the gas exchange is more difficult, more of the carbon monoxide remains in the body and it's harder to get the oxygen into the body.

So smoke, so the cells in the lining of the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles, so the trachea down into the lungs, into the bronchi and bronchioles which is the air pockets within your lungs produce a sticky mucus.

This traps dirt and microbes.

Cells with tiny hair-like parts called cilia then move the mucus out of the lungs.

However, the hot smoke and the tar from smoking damages this cilia, and as a result of that, smokers that have to cough to move the mucus and are more likely to get bronchitis.

Now the nicotine as we've identified is highly addictive.

However, it is also highly dangerous to the public.

And this is because it increases heart rate and blood pressure by making the blood vessels narrower than normal.

And if you think, if you've got a big pipe and you're sending something through it you want that pipe to be nice and big 'cause it's easier to get through, isn't it? what if that pipe was made a lot smaller just like your blood vessels, then obviously it's going to be harder for that blood to travel through it and this can lead to heart attacks and strokes.

Carbon monoxide is a gas.

When that takes the place of oxygen in the red blood cells.

Now we need oxygen, don't we? We need oxygen to go as far work in muscles to supply that lovely nutrients, so that we can move and go about our normal diet for playing sports so that our muscles don't tyre, but carbon monoxide replaces this, it replaces all that nice oxygen.

This reduces the amount of oxygen that the blood can carry.

That means that daily life becomes harder because there's less oxygen breathing becomes heavier because they trying to get the oxygen into the bodies.

It means that the circulatory system so the circulatory system, hearts and lungs are having to work together a lot harder calls in potential, heart disease, heart attacks and strokes.

So it's really important to understand that carbon monoxide is actually replacing oxygen.

So, Chelsea's mum is a smoker, okay? She wants you to help her write a letter to her mum explaining the harmful effects of smoking because you have learned about it at school.

Can you write a letter for Chelsea that she can give to her mom so she can give her some really good advice as to why her mom should maybe stop smoking.

Or at least the harmful effects that smoking is having on Chelsea's mom.

Off we go, pause the video and I'll see you soon.

Fantastic, I hope you wrote a really nice letter there for Chelsea that she can give to her mom to help her explain the harmful effects of tobacco.

Now, there is some help and advice for people who would like further information on the topics that we've discussed today.

Talk to Frank National Institute on Drug Abuse at the NHS.

I would really love to see your letters that you wrote for Chelsea.

And if you would like to please ask your parent or carer to share your work on Twitter tagging at OakNational and hashtag LearnwithOak.

I've been Mr. Duffy, I really hope you've enjoyed the lesson you've learned a lot I'll see you soon, goodbye.