Lesson video

Hello, everybody.

Welcome back to your full lesson on practical skills.

I am really, really enjoying this unit, and I hope you are too.

I also know that Lenny the Lion is here too and he is really excited for today, because we get to draw some tables and some graphs and that's one of his favourite things to do, isn't it, Lenny? Yeah, so let's get started.

So, what can we do with data that we collect? We're going to be looking at data today and how we can show that, once we've carried out a scientific experiment.

Because last lesson, we were looking at the method for an investigation.

Once you've done a method, once you completed an investigation, you will have some sorts of results to see what happened, then depending on your variables, and then next lesson, we'll look at writing up all of that information in one place, so that we're tying it all together.

This lesson, you're going to need a pencil and a pen, a ruler, a notebook, and if you've got one, you can get the timer 'cause we're going to do an investigation to create some results today.

If you've not got one, then don't worry, you can just have a go yourself without a timer, that's fine.

So, in this lesson, we're going to look at our STAR words, we're then going to collect some data, we're then going to look at presenting data, and then we'll see if we can present our own data, and then you'll complete your learning review.

So, my favourite part of the lesson, my turn, your turn, STAR words, STAR words, STAR words.

Well done, oh you got big loud voices today I love that team.

So, first things first, results, your turn, results.

I'm looking at my results.

Your turn, well done.

Next word is data, your turn.

Data is information, data is information.

It can come in lots of different forms. We'll look at some forms of presenting data today.

Unit of measure, unit of measure, your turn.

Unit of measure, your turn, well done.

A unit of measure is what you're measuring in.

A unit of measure is what you're measuring in.

For instance, if I was driving a car on a journey, I would measure the distance in miles.

If I was running a race, I might measure it in kilometres to see how far I've run.

If I was measuring how long something took, I would measure it in minutes or seconds or even hours if it was a long time.

I wonder, what other units of measure do you know? Can you think of one? What about in the kitchen if you're measuring something to cook or to bake? Can you your screen, a unit of measure that you know? Well done.

The next one is conduct, your turn, conduct, well done.

Now, the reason I've put this word here is not because we're doing electricity all of a sudden, it's because conduct is a scientific word for carrying out an experiment.

So if you conduct a scientific investigation, you carry it out, means you do it, that's what you do.

The next word is graph, your turn, graph, your turn.

A graph is a way to present data.

A graph is a way to present data, well done.

And the last word is chart, your turn, chart.

A chart is another way to present data.

What's a chart? Well done, another way to present data.

Okay, so first things first, what on earth does collecting data actually mean? Well, when we are carrying out a scientific investigation, we want to record the information that we find out.

On the screen, you can see that maybe I've measured the different colours of flowers in the garden.

So have I found a blue one? Have I found a red flower, a green flower or a yellow flower? And then the frequency is how many times I found one of those.

That's in a table of results and you can see that it's a tally.

So once I collected those results, I need to present them in a scientific way.

This is called presenting results.

Now, as well as tables, results could be presented in lots of different ways, such as diagrams, pictograms, and graphs.

We looked at diagrams in one of our previous lessons in this unit.

Diagrams are different to illustrations and you can also use pictograms or even graphs, and we're going to draw a graph today.

You could collect your results in a table and then use them to present them in a different way.

You could use a graph like it says on the screen, or even present them in a different way, like this way of presenting the growth of a flower.

You can be quite creative with how you present your results as long as it's in a scientific way and it's accurate.

Today, we're going to look at how we present data.

So, what I did was, I measured some rainfall.

I measured how much rain fell from Monday to Friday and I made this table, which is not a scientific table yet.

It's just my notes, I just wrote this in my notebook.

But what we're going to do is we're going to use this to draw a correct table.

So, let me show you what I mean.

I'm going to turn around my visualizer so that I can show you drawing this into a table.

So the title of my table is table to show rainfall over five days because I was measuring Monday to Friday.

I'm then going to take my pencil and my ruler and I'm going to draw a table with two columns.

I'm using a sharp pencil and I'm using a nice straight ruler so that it's nice and neat.

One down that side, one down that side, and I always need one across the bottom as well.

I don't ever leave my table empty at the end, I always close it off.

So now, I'm going to draw my lines across because I'll have Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday.

So I'm drawing my lines and then I know I need two columns so I need to draw a line, a straight line down the middle.

So I've used a pencil and I've used a ruler to draw my table of results.

I want you to pause the video and do the same now, write your title and then draw yourself, your table with a sharp pencil and a ruler now.

Okay, well done team.

Pause the video if you need more time.

What I'm now going to do is I'm going to put the titles for the columns in my table.

On the left-hand side, I'm going to draw, sorry, I'm going to write my independent variable.

That's what's changing.

So what's changing is the day of the week.

So, on the left at the top, I'm going to write day of the week and I always underline my column headings with a pencil and ruler.

So I'm going to do that as well.

Pause the video and write on your first column heading now and then I'm going to add in my other one.

This is my dependent variable goes on the right hand side.

So this is what we're observing or measuring and in this case, it's rainfall.

So I'm going to write rainfall in my nice, neat handwriting.

I'm then going to underline it.

Now, very importantly, because I'm observing or measuring in this case, the amount of rainfall I need to write my unit of measure and I measured, you can see in my table, what's my unit of measure that I used? Well done, it says millimetres.

I don't want to write millimetres every single time.

What I'm going to do is I'm going to write my unit of measure in the column heading.

So here, I'm going to write MM for millimetres.

Pause the video and write your second column heading for your independent variable now.

Sorry, your dependent variable.

Independent, dependent.

Okay, so now I'm ready to fill in my table.

I've got my independent variable on the left, I've got my dependent variable and the right, and now I can write, I can fill in my data.

So, here I have my days of the week, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, and then in the right hand side, in the right hand column here, I'm going to write my information.

I'm going to write in my data.

So you can see that on Monday 11 millimetres fell, I'm not going to write 11 millimetres, I'm just going to write 11 because I've already got the column heading with the unit of measure inside it.

I'm now going to fill in the rest of my table.

So Tuesday was four millimetres, Wednesday was no rainfall, Thursday, was 15 millimetres and Friday was five millimetres.

So I've now completed a scientific table team and you can see that I've got my title, that's underlined.

I've got my independent variable on the left and my dependent variable on the right.

My column headings are underlined with a ruler and I've drawn up a box around the whole of my table so that it's really clear that it's a table.

I'd like you to have a go at drawing out this table.

So pause the video and draw your scientific table out now.

Well done, okay.

So now we've had a look at drawing our own.

What I'm going to do now is I'm going to show your own to spot the mistakes.

So, let's have a look at the first one.

Here is a scientific table about distance from a light source and the size of a shadow.

So here in this experiment, somebody was taking an object near a light and they were moving the object away and seeing how big the shadow gets, what the change in the size of the shadow is.

Can you spot the mistake in this table? They'd been throwing a tennis ball and then seeing how high it bounces.

Can you spot the mistake? Well done, in this one, they don't have a box around the outside of the table.

They need to have a box with a pencil and a ruler drawn around the edge of the table.

In this one, I wonder if you could spot the mistake from before.

They had the units of measure in their columns.

Where do we put the units of measure team? Well done, it needs to go in the column heading.

So it shouldn't say centimetres, centimetres, centimetres, centimetres, centimetres, centimetres, that should be in the column headings.

Well done, I hope you spotted those.

I'm going to give you an awesome cheer 'cause you've been working so hard this lesson so far.

So well done.

So now what we're going to do is we're going to present our own data.

We're going to carry out an experiment about our heart rate.

Now you can see that I've drawn this table already.

So on the left-hand side is our independent variable.

On the left hand side is our independent variable, well done.

On that right hand side is the dependent variable, on the right hand side is the, dependent variable, well done.

So what we're going to do is we're going to measure our heart rate, firstly at resting, then after one minute of exercise, then after two minutes of exercise.

So, how I can do this is the following.

You can find your beats per minute either by putting your fingers on your pulse like this.

You should be able to feel your heart rate.

If you can't feel it there, you could either feel it on your neck.

So you've picked your finger very gently on the side of your neck or sometimes you can put two fingers, and you can feel the beat there.

If you can't feel there, you can hold your chest and you might be able to feel your heartbeat through.

Wherever you find it easiest.

I find it easiest on my neck.

What I'm then going to do is I'm going to measure how many beats I can feel in a minute.

So I'm going to put a timer on and I have a timer on my watch for one minute.

So I can click this button and it beeps after a minute.

So, what I want you to do is then once you've completed the resting pulse, so you're just sat down counting for one minute.

We'll do that in a moment, after you've done that, I then went to do some exercise for one minute and then repeat measuring your pulse.

So you could do star jumps, you could do running on the spot, you could do skipping, you could do hopping on one leg.

Whatever it is to do some exercise for one minute.

So again, you're going to need to time yourself.

As soon as you finished the exercise, put the timer on for a minute again and measure your pulse.

How many beats per minute.

You then repeat it for a third time.

This time you do the exercise for two minutes.

So star jumps, running on the spot.

You need to do the same exercise, and then you measure your pulse for one minute again and write the information in the table of results.

I'm going to go do that now, go and have a go and write out your table so that you can record your results.

Pause the video and do your exercise and measure your pulse now.

How did you get done team? I am exhausted after that exercise.

So, I wonder how many beats per minute your heart rate was going at resting, after one minute of exercise and then again, after two minutes of exercise.

I'm going to make my table bigger so that you can see my results.

Resting, my heart rate was 64 beats per minute.

After one minute of exercise, I had a heart rate of 95 beats per minute, and after two minutes of exercise, I had a heart rate of 105 beats per minute.

In this table, you can see that I've drawn my column headings underlined.

I've drawn a box around the table, and I've used a pencil and a ruler.

If you haven't done so already, I want you to draw out your table of results.

If not, let's carry on.

I wonder with this information, how else could we present our data? In our star words, we thought about other ways that we might be able to present data.

What was the star word here? What was that? A graph, well done, well remembered.

There are lots of different ways that you could present your results after you've collected them in a table.

You could use a bar chart, you could present them in a pie chart, or you could even use something called a line graph.

Don't worry if you don't know what these are yet, you will by the end of year six.

So, if you've heard of bar chart, you probably have, and you'll see them in your science lessons throughout your time in primary.

Okay, so what we're going to do is we are going to run, excuse me, we're going to draw a bar chart using our beats per minute from our exercise experiment.

So let me show you.

I'm going to turn my screen round and I'm going to show you what this will look like.

So, so far I've got my bar graph to show the effect of exercise on heart rate.

What I want you to do is I want you to draw your title now and underline it, pause the video and write down your title now.

Okay, so now that you've got your title, I'm going to show you how you draw a bar graph using the table of results that I had.

So what I'm going to do, I need, first of all, is my pencil and my ruler.

To draw a bar graph, you need a Y and an X axis.

So, this is my Y axis and this is my X axis, okay? So what I'm going to do is I'm going to label my axis, along the X axis I'm going to write my setting, and on the Y axis, I'm going to have my beats per minute.

So let's label our axis together.

Let's have the setting along the bottom on the X axis and on the Y axis, I'm going to turn my page round, my book won't let me, I made a mistake here that's why I got little scribble on my page, but this is going to be beats per minute just to make that nice and clear.

Okay, so I had three different settings.

So, I need to have some space in between each one.

Here, I'm going to use two centimetres for each bar.

So, the first one I had was resting.

Then I had one minute of exercise and then I had two minutes of exercise.

Then along my Y axis, I'm going to need to show my beats per minute.

So on my Y axis, I'm going to have from zero to 105.

So I've done it up to a hundred here because my 105 is going to be just over that.

So now I can label my Y axis.

I'm going to go up tenths.

30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100.

So at resting, my heart rate was 64.

So 60 and 70, so I'm going to put 64 just in the middle, just below the middle, 'cause it was 64 and then going to use my pencil and my ruler to draw a bar graph.

There is my bar for resting.

My heart rate of beats per minute after one minute of exercise was 95.

So I need to be in the middle between 90 and a hundred.

I'm going to draw my bar across my setting for one minute of exercise and then after my two minutes of exercise, my heart rate was 105.

So it's just over a hundred, between a hundred and 110.

So there I'm going to draw my graph, sorry, my bar and there is my bar after two minutes of exercise.

You can see that I've left space in between each bar.

I could improve this if I had used a ruler upwards on my bar graph so that this line here and this line here, wasn't slightly wonky.

You can see, there are little bit like a leaning tower, which isn't very good, but I can still see that there's space in between them and they don't overlap so that's the most important thing.

What I now like you to do is do the same.

You've been really patient and watch me draw my graph.

So make sure you've got your X and your Y axis.

You label your axis and then you draw your bar graph in based on your results.

Pause the video and have a go now.

Well done everyone.

I hope you enjoyed drawing that bar graph.

Let's have a look, so those are my results.

We've done that, we've completed your task and now if you'd like to, you can share your work with Oak.

You can do this if you'd like to, but you need to ask a parent or carer to share your work on Instagram, Facebook, or Twitter by typing at Oak National and hashtag Learn with Oak.

I'd love to see some of the graphs that you've drawn and your investigation tables from your investigation.

So well done, everyone.

You've worked really hard today.

That was quite a tricky lesson, you've done really well.

We'll see you next time for the next lesson, bye everybody.