Hello scientists, my name is Mr. Wilshire, and in this lesson we're going to be looking at making or finding food.

The outcome for this lesson is I can explain that animals, including humans, cannot make their own food.

There are many key words to consider as we work our way through this lesson.

The very first is basic needs.

After that, it's food.

Then wild, next habitat, and finally captivity.

You may have heard some of these words before or there might be some that you're not too sure about.

Pause the video here if you need to and recap on some of those definitions.

Restart when you've done that.

The first part of this lesson is called making food.

Animals and plants are living things.

Here, you can see three pictures, hyenas, a daffodil and humans.

All of these items here are living things.

They can all grow.

They can all move.

They all need to eat.

They all need water.

They can all reproduce.

So they all do the same kind of things that means that they're alive.

I wonder if you can name any other plants and animals here.

Pauses the video here and discuss.

Restart when you've done that.

How did you get on? Were you able to name any other animals? Maybe you remembered an elephant or a cat, maybe even a dog or a parrot.

Maybe you mentioned some different types of plants.

Trees are plants as well, aren't they? Tulips are beautiful flowers.

Or maybe you thought about the bushes that go around a playground or somewhere that you know.

Humans are also animals.

What other humans did you think of? Maybe you thought of your teacher, or even me.

All living things have got the same basic needs.

These are the things that they need to survive.

You can see a picture of a chameleon, a stingray and a rose there.

I wonder, what are the basic needs of living things? What do these pictures of different things need to survive? Have a think and discuss.

Restart when you've done that.

How did you get on? Were you able to discuss the different animals here? Or maybe you remembered the plant too.

Do you remember on the last slide when I recapped some of the things that living things need to stay alive? Well, they can all move and they all need food, don't they? So I think all of these living things here definitely need some food.

They definitely need water too.

A living thing's basic needs must be met for them to stay alive, such as having food, water, we mentioned those, didn't we, and air.

Squirrel there having a little drink, and a kingfisher eating a lovely fish there.

Animals also need a safe space to live with shelter for protection from the weather and from other animals.

Even humans need shelter, don't we? Especially in the winter.

I couldn't imagine living outside with no home to go to.

That would be very frightening and very cold.

All living things need food to stay alive.

Food is important to keep living things healthy.

Without food, living things are not able to stay alive.

Have you ever been hungry before? Think about how some people in the world aren't fortunate enough to have local shops that they can nip to or even money to buy food.

Think about some of those people the next time, say, that you're hungry and think when was the last time you ate something? Let's stop and think.

Who do you agree with here? Do you agree with Sam? She says, "All living things need exercise to stay alive." Do you agree with Alex? "All living things need clothes to stay alive." Or do you agree with Lucas? He says, "All living things need food to stay alive." Who do you agree with? Have a quick discussion and restart the video when you've done that.

So who did you agree with? Well, I really agree with Lucas.

Living things need food to stay alive.

If we didn't have food in our bellies, we wouldn't have any energy to do anything.

Alex and Sam are kind of correct, but you don't need exercise or clothes to stay alive.

You could survive without them.

Aisha says, "I don't think that plants need food at all "because they don't have a mouth to eat with." Jacob says, "Well, if plants don't eat food, "then they can't be living things." What do you think? Plants definitely need food.

How do they eat it though? Discuss, what does this all mean? Restart the video when you've done that.

How did you get on? Is Aisha correct or has Jacob got a point? Let's find out more.

Plants are living things, they need food, but they can't move from one place to the other to find it.

Plants are different to animals because they make their own food and they move in a slightly different way.

They can't just pick up their roots and wander off down the road to the local shop, can they? But they do move themselves to look at sunlight across the day.

If a plant doesn't make its own food using that sunlight, it's not going to be able to survive.

Here you can see two examples of dead things.

Some dead Rose flowers and a dead tree trunk, oh, dear.

Jacob says, "Well, "when plants make their own food, "it's not the same type of food that animals eat." Aisha says, "A plant does not make sandwiches "or beans on toast." Well, I think Aisha's correct.

So what type of food do plants need? Have a quick discussion.

Pause the video here and restart when you've done that.

How did you get on? Can plants make beans on toast or sandwiches? No, definitely not.

So what type of food do they need, then? Aisha says, "I think soil.

"Soil's in the ground, "and that's the food that plants need." Hmm, you can see some tree roots scattering out across the ground there.

Jacob says, "Well, "I think that different plants make soil using their roots." Not sure about this.

What do you think? Are either of them correct? No, Aisha and Jacob are incorrect.

Plants don't make soil or use soil as food.

The roots of a plant absorb water and minerals from soil, but this is still not the food for plants.

There, you can see the roots of a plant.

All plants have got roots.

These here are very, very small and thin, aren't they? Plants make their own food in their leaves using something else to help them.

There, you can see two examples of types of leaf.

There's an ash tree and some nettle leaves.

Oh, stay away from those nettle leaves.

You don't want to get stung.

They need three things to make their own food, which I've mentioned before.

I wonder if you were listening.

Do you know what they are? Pause the video here and discuss.

Restart when you've done that.

How did you get on? What three things do plants need, then, to make their own food? Well, Jun's here to help us out.

"Number one," he says, "Plants absorb water through their roots.

"Number two, plants also absorb a gas in the air "called carbon dioxide.

"They do this through tiny holes "on the underside of their leaves." You can have a go doing this as well.

If you hold a leaf up to a source of light, you might be able to see some tiny holes in there.

Here is a closeup of a lemon leaf.

Here's the third thing, though.

Plants use the light from the sun to turn water and carbon dioxide into the food that they need.

So they might get nutrients out of the soil, but the main thing that they need is to make sure that they can turn that water and the carbon dioxide that it takes in through the leaves into the food that they need to survive and to grow.

Plants can make simple sugars that they then use as food.

So does that mean that plants make sweets? Not quite, it's a special type of sugar that they would use as their own food.

Let's stop and think.

Is this true or false, plants get their food from a supermarket? The answer here, it's false, isn't it? Can we justify our answer, though? What do you think? Is it because plants make their own food, or is it because plants are not living things and therefore do not need any food? Well, the answer here is A, plants make their own food.

Plants are definitely living things.

I think we've established that by now, haven't we? Who do you agree with here? Do you agree with Laura, who says, "Plants make their own food "using water, insects and flowers?" Do you agree with Andeep, "Plants make their own food "using their stem and their branches." Or do you agree with Izzy, "Plants make their own food using water, "sunlight and carbon dioxide." Have a think about those three statements there.

Who do you agree with? I agree with Izzy.

"Plants make their own food using water, "sunlight and carbon dioxide." Aisha says, "Hang on, "what about animals? "Can they use sunlight and carbon dioxide and water "to make their own food?" We're animals, can we do that? What do you think? Hmm, pause the video and discuss.

Restart when you've done that.

So what do you think? Are animals able to do that? Sofia says, "I think humans can make their own food.

"I eat school dinners that have been made by humans.

"At home, my meals are made for me "by the grownups in my house.

"I even help sometimes." Hmm, I wonder if you've ever helped make some food at home.

But what do you think, though? Is Sofia right here? Pause the video and discuss.

Restart when you've done that.

How did you get on? What type of food is made for you at home? Well, humans use different ingredients to prepare meals to eat, but this is different to making food like a plant.

You see, humans need to grow or buy the bread, cheese, lettuce and tomatoes used to make this delicious looking sandwich to eat.

The food is not made inside a human's body, and certainly not using the sunlight and the carbon dioxide, and then, boom, a sandwich.

Although, that would be a very useful skill to have, wouldn't it? Animals, including humans, cannot make their own food.

Like humans, other animals cannot make their own food too.

Rabbits can't, magpies can't and frogs can't either.

So how do other animals get the food that they need to survive? Have a good think here and discuss.

Restart when you've done that.

So how do other animals get the food that they need to survive? Well, sometimes they might need to hunt for it, especially if they're some sort of predator.

They might go hunting for other animals to eat.

Prey animals, however, they will probably feed off of grass and other vegetables that they find around on the ground.

Let's stop and think.

Is this true or false, animals make their own food? The correct answer here is false.

Can they justify our answer? The correct answer here is animals cannot make their own food.

They have to get it in other ways.

Here's task A.

Step one, who do you agree with? And explain why.

Jacob, there, says, "Animals are living things "because humans can make their own food "by baking and cooking." Sofia says, "Animals are living things, "but they can't make their own food, like plants.

"Animals depend on food "provided by plants and other animals." So who do you agree with here? Pause the video and discuss.

Restart when you're ready to move on.

So who do you agree with? Well, Sofia is correct, animals are not able to make their own food.

Different animals eat different kind of food.

They find this food in different ways, such as grazing or by hunting.

Here's part two.

Match each description to the correct type of living thing.

You've got the descriptions written across the top there, and then you've got living things down below, plants and animals.

Your task here is to read each description and match it to the correct one.

Best of luck with that.

Restart when you're ready to move on.

How did you get on? We've got some answers here for you.

So something that can make their own food using sunlight and carbon dioxide and water is a plant, isn't it? Something that cannot make their own food and must find it in their habitat is an animal.

Something that can move around it's habitat freely is an animal.

And a plant is unable to move from one place to another.

Well done for completing that task.

The final part of this lesson is called finding food.

Many years ago, humans would have to find or hunt for their own food.

Now we just go and buy most of our food from a shop.

You can see two pictures there, someone hunting for food and someone buying some food from a supermarket.

Some animals live in the wild.

Animals have to find their own food because, unlike plants, they can't make it themselves.

How do you think wild animals get their own food, then? We've talked about it a little bit before.

Pause the video and discuss.

Restart when you've done that.

So how do wild animals get their own food, then? Well, wild animals find their food within their habitat.

Different animals eat different things.

Here, you can see an image of a giraffe Andeep says, "Well, do all animals eat just plants?" What do you think? Pause the video and discuss.

Restart when you've done that.

So do all animals eat just plants? Not quite, herbivores are animals that eat plants.

They graze on the plants that grow in their habitat, just like a panda, a mountain goat or a manatee.

Some animals do not eat plants.

So what do you think that they eat? Like these wolves, red kites and the komodo dragon.

Have a quick discussion about the things that you think they eat.

Restart when you've done that.

So what do you think that these animals eat? Well, these animals eat other animals, unfortunately.

And these are predators that prey on smaller animals.

Carnivals get their food in different ways.

Some hunt for their food, and that means that they have to find and catch other animals to eat, just like these ones that you can see here.

Even a cat likes to do this.

They may also find and eat the remains of animals that have died naturally or have been hunted by other animals.

Sam says, "What about animals "that eat plants and other animals?" Alex says, "Well, these animals are called omnivores.

"They get their food in different ways, "including hunting and grazing." Keas and squirrels are animals that are omnivores.

They eat both plants and other animals.

Let's stop and think.

Wild animals can find their food by hunting, grazing or shopping.

The correct answer here is hunting and grazing.

They certainly don't go shopping.

Laura says, "I've got a pet snake.

"My snake is a carnivore because she eats mice, "but she doesn't hunt for them in my house, "so I give them to her." Here is a picture of Laura's pet snake.

I wonder if you've got a creature a bit like this in your home.

Animals that live in zoos under human care live in captivity.

Lucas says, "What about animals in a zoo? "Where do they get their food from "if they're unable to hunt, scavenge or graze?" That's a good question.

I wonder how.

What do you think? Pause the video and discuss.

Restart when you've done that.

So where do these animals get their food from? Well, pets or animals that are kept in captivity get their food from humans.

Sofia asks, "How do humans know what to feed them?" Hmm, that's a good question too.

You can see there a hippo being fed by a zookeeper, but how do they know that hippos like those things? Well, humans try to replicate an animal's natural diet.

This means that humans feed them the same type of food that they would eat in the wild in their natural habitat.

Lions in a zoo are given portions of a whole animal to eat.

Wolffish in an aquarium are fed scallops and crabs, which they would hunt in the wild for food.

Alex continues to say, "Pet foods are made to try to include all of the things "that an animal needs to eat to stay healthy.

"Some people choose to feed their pets "the same food that they would eat in the wild." Like this pet owner here, they're feeding their tortoise some plants similar to those that it would eat in the wild.

Pet dogs are fed a mixture of meat, bones and vegetables because they're omnivores.

Bearded dragons are also omnivores, and are fed a mixture of plants and insects in captivity.

Let's stop and think.

Is this true or false, pets and animals in zoos or aquariums get their food from humans? The correct answer here is true.

Can we justify our answer? Which of these statements matches? The correct answer here is A.

Humans try to replicate the natural diets of each animal.

Here is task B.

This is part one.

Animals, including humans, cannot make their own food.

So how would a human living in the Stone Age collect the food that's shown here? Hmm, have a good look at all of that food there and decide how is a human going to collect it all? Pause the video and have a go.

Restart when you've done that.

How did you get on? Well, Sam and Alex have got some ideas.

Your ideas might be similar.

Sam says, "A Stone Age human "would have to find their own food "because they didn't have any shops to buy it in." Alex says, "Humans would've found lots of plant-based foods "like fruit and vegetables in the habitat around them.

"They'd have to hunt to catch animals, "including fish, to eat." Here's part two.

Use the facts about these animals' natural diets in the wild to decide what they should be fed in captivity.

You can use some additional materials here to help you or maybe do your own research.

Best of luck with your task.

Restart the video when you're ready.

How did you get on? Here's some ideas.

Yours could have been similar.

Sam says, "Well, I would feed the wolf "a mixture of meat, berries and fruit.

"I could buy some animal bones and organs "from the supermarket or from the pet shop.

"I'd make sure that there's always fresh water "available for the wolf as well." Oh, very good, yes, it definitely needs water.

Alex says, "If I was a zookeeper who looked after zebras, "I'd make sure that they had plenty "of both tall and short grasses to graze on.

"I could add some tree bark and some fresh herbs "to their food as well.

"I'd create a water hole in their enclosure at the zoo." A very good idea.

Both of the children there decided that their animals needed water.

Well done for completing that task.

Hopefully, there was some ideas there that you've been able to get as well, and maybe you could add them to your own work.

Let's summarise our lesson.

All living things need food to stay alive.

Plants can make their own food.

Animals, including humans, cannot make their own food.

Wild animals find food within the habitats that they live in.

Habitat humans replicate the natural diets of pets and animals in captivity.

There was a lot of information to go through in this lesson.

I hope that in the future you can use it to teach yourself how to be healthy or how to keep other animals and living things healthy too.

Well done for completing those tasks.

I've been Mr. Wilshire, thank you very much for listening.