`- Hi everyone, it's Miss Panchal here.

I'm so glad that you've decided to join me on today's lesson.

I hope you've had a great day so far, and're ready to tackle the next lesson.

So our unit of learning is introduction to the human skeleton and muscles.

And so, in this lesson we're going to be thinking about animals that do not have any bones.

Now, some of you might have, already, some knowledge on this and some of you might not be so sure.

But please don't worry, 'cause we're going to do lots of great learning in today's lesson.

So let's get started.

So the outcome for today's lesson is, "I can compare and group invertebrate animals based on the structure of their bodies." So we're going to talk through some key words now, and it's important that we learn how to say these key words as well as learning what they mean, and we'll be doing that in the rest of today's lesson.

So I'm going to say the word and I would like you to repeat it back to me.

My turn, spine, your turn.

Amazing, well done.

My turn, invertebrate, your turn.

Superstar, well done.

My turn, exoskeleton, your turn.

Fantastic job, well done.

My turn, fluid, your turn.

Super, my turn.

compare, your turn.

A fantastic job, everyone, well done.

Now, some of these words you may have seen before or already know the meaning of these and some of you may not be so sure.

But please don't worry, because we're going to talk through what all of these words mean in our lesson today.

So today's lesson is split up into two parts.

So the first part of the lesson we're going to be thinking about invertebrates and exoskeletons, and then the second part of the lesson we are going to be thinking about this question.

Do all invertebrates have an exoskeleton? So let's get started with the first part of today's lesson.

Animals whose bodies are made up of bones, including a spine, are called vertebrates.

And we've got a skeleton of a vertebrate here.

Mammals, birds, fish and amphibians, and reptiles are all vertebrates.

But does this mean that all animals are vertebrates? Have a think with your talk partner.

Super job, well done.

So 90% of all the animals in the world are invertebrates.

Do you know what an invertebrate is? Pause the video here, talk with your talk partner, and jot down some of your ideas.

Excellent, well done.

So an invertebrate is an animal that does not have a spine or any other bones inside their body.

Can you name any invertebrates? So have a think about what we've just explained an invertebrate is, and can you think of any animals? Well done, you may've thought of a butterfly, a wood louse, or a wasp.

There're lots of other examples and we'll go through lots more in today's lesson.

So let's do a quick check of our learning so far.

True or false? Invertebrates have a spine inside their bodies.

True or false? What do you think? Amazing work, well done.

The answer is false.

And now would need to have a think about why it is false.

Is it because A, invertebrates do not have a spine inside their body, some have an exoskeleton, which protects and supports their soft body? or is it B, invertebrates do not need a spine inside their body as they need to be soft and flexible to move? So have a think about the learning we've just completed and have a think about which is the correct answer.

Super work, everyone, well done.

The answer is A, so invertebrates do not have a spine inside their body.

Some have an exoskeleton, which protects and supports their soft body.

So we're now going to move onto a different type of question now to check our understanding.

So the task here is sort these animals into the correct group.

So we've got a group for invertebrates and we've got a group of vertebrates.

So we've got a dog, a stag beetle, a snake, a human, and a wasp.

So pause the video here, and I would like you to sort the animals into the correct group, and then we will go through the answer shortly.

Amazing work everyone, well done.

We're now going to go through the answer.

So the invertebrates, okay, are in that circle there, and we've got the vertebrates there as well.

So in the invertebrates we've got the beetle and we've got the wasp.

And in the vertebrate section we've got the dog, the snake, and the human.

So let's move on.

Sam, here, is saying, "If invertebrates don't have bones on their inside, what do they have to protect their soft bodies?" So look at these invertebrates.

Can you see what they have instead of bones? So have a look really closely at these two images.

We've got a stink bug and we've got the ladybird.

And what do these two animals have instead of bones? Have a think.

Amazing work, everyone.

They have a hard outer covering to protect their soft bodies.

So let's have a think now about, how does a knight stay protected in a battle? So a knight wears a suit of armour made from a hard material that covers the soft parts of their body, and this prevents them from being hurt.

Now, some invertebrates also have a hard outer covering just like a suit of armour, and this is called an exoskeleton.

So Andeep, here, says, "As humans get older, their bones get bigger, so the knight would need a bigger suit of armour." Whereas Izzy, here, says, "I wonder if an invertebrate's exoskeleton grows like our bones do." Do you think an invertebrate exoskeleton grows like our bones do? Have a think with your talk partner and click Play on the lesson when you're ready to continue.

I hope you had a great discussion, there, with your talk partner.

So some invertebrates moult their exoskeleton as they grow, like an ant.

Their fresh outer layer hardens into a new, larger exoskeleton.

And invertebrates with a shell like a snail or a clam, and you may've seen these animals before, do not moult their exoskeletons.

Their shells grow larger around the edges to protect their growing bodies.

Can you see the lines as the shells has grown bigger? So if you have a look at the image of the clam, there, you can see it's growing.

Those lines are showing that the shell is getting bigger.

So let's have a quick check of our learning that we've done so far in this part of the lesson.

So what do you think about these statements? So we've got some animals, there, with exoskeletons.

So for each statement we're going to have a think.

I am sure this is right, I think this is right, I think this is wrong, or I am sure this is wrong.

So let's have a look at statement A, "All animals have bones." So what do you think about that statement? Excellent, well done.

This is wrong! Statement B says, "Invertebrates have an endoskeleton to protect them." What do you think about this statement? Super work, this is also incorrect.

And C, "An exoskeleton is on the outside of an animal's body." What do you think about this statement? Super, well done.

This statement is correct.

Fantastic work, everyone, so far, well done.

So we're going to move on now.

So Aisha found these animals in the school garden and she wonders if they are all invertebrates.

Can you help her? So we've got a centipede, a cricket, and a shield bug.

Choose one of the animals to research and write a sentence to explain whether or not it is an invertebrate with an exoskeleton for protection.

So pause the video here and have a go at the task.

We will then go through some example answers.

Off you go.

Amazing work everyone, well done.

So you may have written a sentence like this.

"None of these animals have a spine because they are invertebrates.

Instead, they have an exoskeleton that supports and protects their soft body." So the sentence that you had written may have been similar to this one, well done.

Super work everyone, well done.

We've completed lots of great learning in that first part of the lesson.

And we're now going to move on to the second part of today's lesson, and we're going to be thinking about this question.

Do all invertebrates have an exoskeleton? So whilst many invertebrates have a hard outer covering called an exoskeleton, some do not.

Can you name these invertebrates? So we've got a worm, here, you've got a jellyfish, and we've got an octopus.

Some of you may've seen these animals before.

Instead of bones or exoskeletons, some invertebrates' bodies are filled with fluid.

Many of these animals actually live in the sea, for example, the jellyfish.

And some of these invertebrates are moved along by the sea current.

Others, like jellyfish, squirt water from their mouths, which moves them forward.

So these animals move in slightly different ways.

Can you think of an invertebrate that does not have an exoskeleton that lives on the land? Pause the video and have a think with your talk partner and click Play when you're ready to continue.

Super work everyone, well done.

So we've got an earthworm as an example here.

So an earthworm's body is made up of ring-like segments which are full of fluid.

It uses its muscles to pull itself forward, and the small hairs on its body help it to grip as it pulls itself along.

So we can compare animals by looking at what is the same and what is different.

Jun, here, is comparing a snake and a worm.

"I am a little bit confused! A snake and a worm look similar.

They both wriggle and have no legs.

I think a worm is a vertebrate like a snake." What do you think? So a worm and snake do look similar.

They do not have an exoskeleton.

When we compare them there are differences, but there're also some similarities as well.

A worm's body is filled with fluid, not bones.

So that's a huge difference between a worm and a snake.

Whereas a snake is a reptile, which means it is a vertebrate and does have a spine.

A worm is an invertebrate, which means it does not have a spine.

So a key difference there is the worm is an invertebrate, which means it does not have a spine, whereas the snake does have a spine and it is a vertebrate.

So although the worm and the snake can move in a similar way, there're actually quite a few differences between those two animals.

So we're going to do a quick check of learning so far of what we've done in this lesson.

Which of these animals is a vertebrate? We've got A, jellyfish; B, snake; C, octopus; or D, worm.

Have a think, and we'll go through the answer shortly.

Amazing work, everyone, well done.

The answer is B, snake.

Let's have a look at the next question.

Can you imagine having no bones and no exoskeleton? What positives might there be? I want you to talk to the person next to you, and then we'll have a think about some ideas.

So animals without any bones or exoskeletons are able to squeeze their bodies through very small spaces, and so are able to escape being eaten by larger animals.

So it could really benefit those animals.

Well done, everyone.

So we're now going to move onto task B now.

So task B's asking us to compare these animals based on the structure of their bodies.

So we've got a cuttlefish, a tortoise, and a sea urchin.

So I want you to think about whether they are an invertebrate or vertebrate, and the type of skeleton they may have.

I would like you to use secondary research to help you fill the table on the next slide.

So you may use books or you may use the internet, and you might have to ask an adult to help you.

So if we have a look at the table, here, tick the boxes to compare the structure of different animal bodies.

So have a look at this table.

You can draw out the table yourself or you can print it.

So we've got the different animals.

We've got a cuttlefish, tortoise, sea urchin.

So we need to think about which're vertebrates, which're invertebrates with an exoskeleton, or an invertebrate without an exoskeleton.

So complete your research, complete this task, and then press Play on the video when you're ready to continue.

Fantastic work everyone.

Well done for your fantastic research.

So let's have a look at the answers.

So a cuttlefish is an invertebrate without an exoskeleton, a tortoise is a vertebrate, and a sea urchin is an invertebrate with an exoskeleton.

Fantastic work, everyone.

You've worked incredibly hard with that research.

So we've come towards the end of today's lesson.

I would like to say a huge well done to you all.

You've worked incredibly hard to do lots of research, but also there've been lots of key words that we've looked at in today's lesson.

And you all did a great job of saying the words and practising them, but also we've learned what they meant.

So let's go through the summary of our learning for today.

So we've learnt that some animals do not have any bones, but some do.

Animals that do not have bones, including a spine, inside their bodies are called invertebrates, so we've looked at that word quite a lot in today's lesson.

And some invertebrate animals have a hard layer or shell for protection on the outside of their bodies called an exoskeleton.

And to help us understand that, we looked at an example earlier, of a knight and his armour around the knight for protection, and some invertebrate animals' bodies are filled with fluid, such as worms and jellyfish.

So well done for all of your work today.

You've all worked incredibly hard and we've looked at some fantastic keywords today, and I hope that you can remember those keywords and use them in your learning for another lesson.

Again, well done for all of your work today.

I hope that you have a great rest of the day, and I'm sure that I will see you in the next lesson very soon.

Buh-bye, take care, and see you soon.