Hi everyone, my name is Ms. Panchal and I am so excited and glad that you've decided to join me with today's lesson.

So we're going to split up today's lesson into two parts.

Now the first part we're going to be learning about what the difference between a contact and a non-contact force is and exploring those ideas.

And then the second part of the lesson, you're going to be investigating magnetic forces.

So I know we're gonna have a really successful lesson, so let's get started.

So the outcome of our lesson today is I can observe and measure magnetic forces acting at a distance.

So the first part of our lesson is going to be going over some key words.

Now, some of these words you may already know and some of these words you may not have heard of before or phrases, but don't worry because we're going to be talking about all of these words and phrases throughout this lesson.

So we're gonna practise saying these words and phrases.

So I'm going to say the word first and I would like you to repeat it back.

So my turn, magnetic forces, your turn.

Super job, well done.

My turn, non-contact forces, your turn.

Great job, everyone.

My turn, distance, your turn.

Fantastic job, my turn, observe, your turn.

Superstars, well done.

And lastly, my turn, measure, your turn.

Amazing, you've done such a fantastic job of saying these key words.

Now we're gonna have a little think about what these key words mean.

So magnetic forces are forces caused by magnets and non-contact forces occur when the objects are not touching.

And the distance between two points is the length of space between them.

To observe is to look very closely and use other senses too.

So when we observe something, the main sense we're using is our eyes 'cause we're thinking about what we can see, but we might use our other senses as well.

And to measure is to use equipment to find numbers to describe a feature of something such as its length, weight, size or time.

So when we're measuring something, we can use lots of different pieces of equipment to help us measure.

And we're going to think a little bit about those different pieces of equipment a little bit later on in the session.

So our lesson today is split up into two sections, and the first part is we're going to be exploring magnetic forces and whether they're contact forces, and then we're going to move on to investigating magnetic force.

So let's get started with our first part of our lesson.

So magnetic forces are forces caused by magnets.

So here we've got our diagram, we can see our magnet on our left hand side and we've got the fork here as well.

We can feel the magnetic force as the magnet pulls the fork towards it.

So we say that the fork is attracted to the magnet.

Some forces are contact forces.

So want you to have a little think about what this might mean.

So I'd like you to pause the video here, and either write some notes down or maybe talk with a talk partner about what this might mean, thinking about what a contact force might mean.

A great discussion, everyone, I hope you had a chance to either write down some ideas or talk to somebody about what you think.

So let's look at this diagram here.

So we've got a box and we've got a person.

So the person is touching the box in order to push it.

Now this box would not be able to move unless that person is pushing it.

So we can see that the person's hands are on the box.

So contact forces need to be touching the object to make it move.

So as I said, if this person's hands weren't on the box, then the box wouldn't be able to move.

So this shows us that contact forces need to be touching the object in order to make it move.

However, some forces are actually non-contact forces.

So again, I want you to pause the video here and either jot down your ideas or have a think with your talk partner about what non-contact forces are.

So we said just earlier now that contact forces mean that you have to be touching, whereas I would like you to now have a think about non-contact forces.

So pause the video here and click play when you're ready to continue.

Excellent, I hope you had a great discussion there.

So let's have a look at this example of an apple tree.

So an apple falling from a tree is a non-contact force.

It falls without a person holding it and bringing it to the floor.

So when an apple is ripe and it's ready to fall onto the floor, then it does not need a human or a person to pick it off.

It will fall all by itself.

So we would say that an apple falling from a tree is a non-contact force.

Non-contact forces don't need to be touching the object to make it move.

So we're gonna have a little think now, just a quick recap on the learning that we've done so far in today's lesson.

So we've got a true or false question here.

So contact forces need to be touching objects to make them move.

So I would like you to pause the video here for a moment and have a think, do we think this is true or do we think this is false? Excellent job, everyone, if you selected true.

Now I want you to have a little think about why this is true.

So option A is, I think this because you could be in contact with something from a distance or B, I think this because you have to touch something to be in contact with it.

So have a little think about the learning we've done so far in this lesson and have a think about whether you think A is correct or B is correct.

Excellent job, everyone.

Well done if you said B, I think this because you have to touch something to be in contact with it.

So our next question here is a missing word.

So A, force is when a force acts on an object without touching it.

So I'm going to give you a few moments now to have a think about what word or phrase might fit into that gap to complete the sentence.

Super job, everyone, the answer is non-contact.

So a non-contact force is when a force acts on an object without touching it.

So a contact force is object touching, a non-contact is when a force acts on an object without touching it.

So let's move on now.

This nail here has been attracted to the magnet and is now touching it.

So we can see in our diagram here, we've got a nail and we've also got a magnet.

And we can see here that the nail is attracted to the magnet.

Now I've got some questions for you to think about.

Does a magnet have to be touching the object to make it move? And secondly, investigate to answer the question.

Are magnetic forces contact forces? So having a talk think, I'm gonna give you a moment to think about the answers to those questions.

So this is going to be your first task and you're going to investigating and exploring magnetic forces.

So the first thing I would like you to do is tie one end of a paperclip to a piece of cotton thread or wool.

And you can see the diagram there just on the right hand side to help you.

And then I would like you to take the end of the thread to the tabletop.

Next I would like you to use the magnet to attract the paperclip to make it lift off the desk into the air.

So you'll need a few things here.

You've got your bar magnet, you've got some Sellotape, some thread or wool and a paperclip.

And now the fourth thing is, can you use the magnet to hold the paperclip in the air without touching it? So this is a challenge I'm setting for you all to see if you can make this happen.

So pause the video here and have a go at this investigation and I'm really excited to learn what you've found.

Amazing, a fantastic effort, everyone.

I can see you're really putting in lots of hard work with this lesson so far, and that's really amazing, well done.

So you may have seen something like this when you were investigating and exploring.

So we can see here that the magnet is being held by somebody, but the paperclip is floating and it's got the thread and wool attached to it.

And the magnetic force is attracting the paperclip at a distance because we can see there is a gap between the paperclip and the magnet.

So the magnet attracted the paperclip towards it even when they were not in contact with each other.

This means that magnetic force is a non-contact force.

So as I said, we can see here that the magnet is not touching the paperclip, therefore magnetic force is a non-contact force.

So that's the first part of our session done.

Fantastic work, everybody, well done.

So when scientists carry out investigations, they observe things to help them answer questions.

And when we observe, we think about what we can see with our eyes.

Now some observations are things the scientist has measured or counted.

They can measure lots of things including weight, height, temperature, distance and number.

For example, you may have seen a bird and the bird had 15 brown feathers on its wing.

So that's something that you've observed, something you've seen with your eye.

What you've been able to measure is the 15 brown feathers.

So many measurements include a unit too.

So we're going to think about some of the units now and where you may have seen them before.

So first of all, we have centimetres or metres for length.

For example, the ball bounced 15 centimetres high.

Now you may have seen centimetres in school on your ruler and your pencil case as you see that on your ruler, and you can use that to measure relatively small things.

And so centimetres and metres are used to measure length.

Now grammes or kilogrammes are used for weight.

So the orange weighed 40 grammes.

Now you may have seen grammes or kilogrammes if you are baking a delicious Victoria sponge cake.

For example, you may have in your ingredients in your recipe, you may need a certain grammes of flour or kilogrammes of another ingredient.

So that's where you may have seen grammes or kilogrammes before.

And another measurement is millilitres or litres.

So for that delicious Victoria sponge cake that you may be making, you may need some milk, for example.

And so, in the recipe they may have given you the measurements in millilitres or litres and that's for measuring amounts of liquid.

For example, the cup held 200 millilitres of water.

If you go to a shop for example and see a bottle of water, on the side or on the back, you'll often see how many millilitres is inside the bottle.

So this stainless steel fork can be observed moving towards the magnet, even though it's not touching it.

So we've got a diagram here with our magnet on our left hand side and we've got a fork on the right hand side here.

And we can see that there's a magnetic pull between the fork and the magnet.

However, they're not touching each other.

We can observe that magnetic force is a non-contact force.

So that means we can see with our eyes that magnetic force is a non-contact force.

Magnetic forces can also act at a distance.

Scientists investigate magnetic forces.

They can observe and measure how some types of metal objects are attracted to magnets at a distance.

So we've got a ruler here, and as I said, you may have got a ruler in your pencil case at school and you may have used them at school previously.

And a ruler here is used to measure distance and you may see millimetres, centimetres, or even inches on your ruler.

So I've now got a question for you to have a little think about.

How could you observe and measure magnetic forces acting at a distance? So I would like you to pause the video and have a little think.

You might want to jot down some of your ideas or have a think with your talk partner about how you could observe, so look, see, and measure magnetic forces acting at a distance.

Click play again once you've had your discussion.

Great, I hope you've had a lovely amount of time to discuss your ideas with a thinking partner or written down your ideas.

So we're gonna do a quick check just to make sure that everyone has understood what we have done in our lesson so far in our learning for this part of the lesson.

So we've got a true and false here.

A magnet has to be touching an object to move it, so we've got true or false.

So I'm gonna give you a few moments to have a think about whether this statement is true or false.

Fantastic job, everyone, if you selected false.

Now I would like you to think a little bit further now and think about why this is the case.

So do you think A, I think this because magnetic force can act at a distance, or B, I think this because magnets will only attract items if they touch them? So I'm going to give you a few more moments to have a think about whether you think it's option A or option B, and we'll go through the answer shortly.

Fantastic job, everyone, if you said option A.

So this statement is false, a magnet has to be touching an object to move it.

And we know that that's not true because we know it's a non-contact force.

I think this because magnetic force can act at a distance, which we've seen an example already.

The next question here to check our understanding is a sentence and we want to have a think about what is the missing word or phrase.

When scientists carry out investigations they make and measurements to help them answer questions.

So have a little think back to when we spoke about what scientists do in their investigations and the key things that they do within these investigations.

So I want you to have a think about what word is missing.

I'll give you a few moments to have a think and then we will go through the answer.

Fantastic work, everyone, if you said observation.

So we spoke about the fact that scientists make observations, so things that we can see and also measurements to help them answer a question.

So we're going to move onto the next question now to check our understanding.

So Andeep and Laura are discussing magnetic force.

Who do you agree with and why? So you may have tried something a little bit like this.

So on the left hand side here, we've got a bar magnet and we've got a ruler in the middle and a paperclip on the right hand side.

Now, Sam has said, "We set up this equipment.

"We measured the maximum distance "that the paperclip was attracted to the magnet." The maximum distance is the furthest distance.

Alex here has said, "We started with the paperclip "at the end of the ruler, "which was the furthest from the magnet.

"Then we moved it closer to the magnet by 0.

5 at the time "and looked to see if it was attracted to the magnet." So what they did is had the paperclip at the furthest point to start off with.

Then every time they moved 0.

5 centimetres closer to the magnet to see what the effect would be.

How far away could the magnet attract the paperclip? Now Sam here says, "We found "that the paperclip was not attracted "to the magnet when it was 2.

5 centimetres away, "but it was attracted to it "when it was two centimetres away." So they noticed a difference between two and 2.

5 centimetres.

Alex says, "That means that our magnet did not need "to touch the paperclip.

"It could act at up to two centimetres distance." Now we've come to the end of our lesson now.

So we're going to do a summary of our learning.

So we've learned today that magnetic forces are forces caused by magnets.

Magnetic force is a non-contact force.

That means it does not need to touch the object.

And magnetic force can be observed and measured acting at a distance.

Scientists carry out observations, so think about things that they can see, and measurements to help them find out about the world.

Now I am so impressed with all the fantastic work you have done today.

You have all worked incredibly hard to complete all of the tasks and investigations, and I hope that you've learned some fantastic information all about magnets.

I hope that you have a lovely rest of the day and I'm sure I'll see you all very soon, bye-bye.