Hi everyone, my name is Ms. Pantel.

And I'm so glad and excited you've decided to join me on today's science lesson.

So this lesson today is going to be focusing on sound insulation.

So we've got lots of learning to do today in our lesson.

Are you ready? Let's get started.

So the outcome for our lesson today is, I can investigate which materials are good sound insulators and describe how these are used in everyday life.

So we're going to talk through some keywords now that we're gonna use in our lesson.

And some of these words you may already have heard of before or know what they mean, and some of them you might not be so sure, but don't worry because we're going to go through what they mean and use them in our lesson today.

So we've got sound, materials, absorb, sound insulator and volume.

So I'm going to put the definitions up there for a moment.

So what I'd like you to do is pause the video here and I'd like you to take in turns with your partner to read out each definition.

Once you've done that, click play and we'll continue with the lesson.

Great job everyone, well done.

So our lesson today is split up into two parts.

So the first parts of our lesson we're going to be exploring sound insulation, and then, we'll be looking at sound insulation in real life.

So let's get started with the first parts of our lesson today.

So Laura and Alex are discussing how sound travels through a solid medium.

Now Laura says, "When we investigated string telephones, we found that sound travels more easily through solid materials." But Alex here says, "Vibrations travel more quickly through solids than through liquids and gases.

I wonder if sound travels through all solid materials in the same way?" What do you think? So pause the video here.

Have a read over again what Laura and Alex have said.

What do you think? Do you think the same as Laura? Do you think the same as Alex? Do you think something a little bit different? Pause the video here and have a little think.

Great job everyone, well done.

So scientists can measure the speed at which sound travels through different materials.

This provides evidence that some materials, such as metal, glass and wood allow sound to pass through them very easily.

Sound waves travel through steel at a speed of about 5,940 metres per second.

This is around 17 times faster than sound travelling through air.

So it's very, very quick.

A few solid materials are actually poorer at allowing vibrations to pass through them than air.

These materials absorb sound waves and this makes it difficult for sound to pass through them.

If you shout into a pillow, the sound does not travel very far as it's being absorbed by the padding material inside the pillow.

Let's do a quick check of our learning, shall we? True or false? Some materials are better at absorbing sound than others.

Do we think that's true or false? Have a little think.

Great job everyone, well done.

The answer is true.

So we're now going to think about justifying our answer.

So do we think A, some materials do not allow sound waves to pass through them easily? Or B, some materials do not vibrate, so sound cannot pass through them? Have a little think.

Which one do you think is correct, A or B? Super job everyone, well done.

The answer is A.

So some materials do not allow sound waves to pass through them easily.

So materials that are better at absorbing sound waves are called, sound insulators.

Can you have a go at saying that for me? Excellent, well done.

So Laura says, "My brother plays his music really loudly.

I will make a pair of ear defenders to absorb the sound waves and block the noise." Alex says, "To make ear defenders, you will need to test different materials to find out which are the best sound insulators." Let's do another check of our learning.

Materials that are better at absorbing sounds are called, A, sound conductors, B, sound insulators, or C, data loggers? Have a little think back to the learning we've just completed.

Super job everyone, well done.

So the answer is B, sound insulators.

So scientists carry out investigations to find out which materials are good sound insulators.

So Laura says, "I will collect different materials such as cotton wool, paper, aluminium foil, and plastic bubble wrap.

How can I test each material to answer my question?" So her question is, "Which material is the best sound insulator?" What do you think Laura could do? So pause the video here and have a think with your talk buddy and maybe you can jot down some of your ideas on a whiteboard.

How do you think or what do you think Laura could do in order to help answer her question? Have a think in your partners or in small groups and then share your answers with the rest of the group.

Off you go.

Great job everyone, well done.

I can see there are really lots of fantastic ideas being shared.

Well done.

So Alex has a good idea for an investigation.

So Alex says, "You can make ear defenders using two paper cups.

Listen to how loud the music is with each type of material in the cup held close to your ears.

And then you could record the results in a table." So this is an image here of Alex having the two paper cups over his ears.

Do you think Alex's method is the best way to compare different materials for sound insulation? Or do you think there's another way they could investigate it? What do you think? Super job everyone, well done.

So Laura has an idea to use a data logger and some of you may already know what a data logger is or may have actually had to go at using one before.

And sound sensor to record the volume of sound through different materials.

So Laura says, "I will cover the sound sensor on my data logger with each material, when the music plays, I will record the volume of sound in decibels.

The material with the lowest volume recorded will be the best sound insulator." So let's do a check of our learning.

What do scientists do to find out which materials are good sound insulators? Do they A, talk to their friends? B, write about the materials? Or C, carry out investigations? So what do you think scientists do? Have a little think.

Great job everyone, well done.

They carry out investigations.

So let's move on to the first task of this lesson.

So I would like you to use your own, Alex's or Laura's ideas to investigate sound insulators.

So Laura says, "If you don't have a data logger, you could compare sounds by listening or use a sound metre app on a tablet." I would like you to test different materials and record your results in a table like this.

So we've got one column of material and then we've got another column of volume of sound and we record that using decibels.

So pause the video here and have a go at this investigation.

I can't wait to hear what you found out.

Off you go.

Super job everyone, well done.

I know you've tried really hard with that investigation.

So are your results similar or different to these? So for example here the cotton wool was 45 decibels, the paper was 60 decibels, the aluminium foil was 62 decibels, and the bubble wrap was 51 decibels.

So did you get similar results or did you get some slightly different ones? Well done for having a good go everybody.

So impressed with your work so far today.

So we've completed the first part of our lesson today where we've been exploring sound insulation.

So we're now going to move on to think about sound insulation in real life.

So in our everyday lives.

So Laura used a data logger with a sound sensor to measure the volume of sound through different materials.

So here are her results.

So Laura says, "Which material is the best sound insulator? What do you think? Have a look at her results table.

Super job everyone, well done.

So Laura and Alex discussed the results of the investigation.

So Laura says, "In my test, the best materials for sound insulation were cotton wool and plastic bubble wrap." Whereas, Alex says something a little bit different.

He says, "The aluminium foil and paper were poor sound insulators and I wonder why." What do you think makes a good sound insulator and why? So pause the video here and have a think in your head on your own and then I'd like you to share your thoughts with your partner.

What do you think makes a good sound insulator? And I would also like you to have a think about why.

Have a little think.

Fantastic effort everybody, well done.

I can see that you tried really hard thinking and you had some great ideas to share with your partner.

Well done.

So sound insulators are often soft materials that are good at absorbing sound.

So we've got felt fabric here, plastic bubble wrap and cotton.

So these materials have spaces in them which are filled with air.

This makes it difficult for sound waves to pass through them.

Let's do a check of our learning.

True or false, sound insulators are often hard materials? Do we think that's true or false? Have a little think.

Fantastic work everybody, the answer is false.

So let's have a think about justifying our answers.

Do we think it's false because A, sound insulators are often soft with spaces filled with air so sound cannot pass through easily? Or is it B, sound insulators are often hard with no spaces so sounds can pass through easily? So which one do you think? Great work everyone, the answer is A.

So we know that sound insulators are often soft with spaces filled with air so sound cannot pass through easily.

Well done everyone.

So let's move on.

So Laura here says, "My sister and I were playing at home, she stood behind a thick curtain and called me, but I didn't hear her until she came out from behind it.

The curtain is a solid material so I should have been able to hear her clearly." So why do you think Laura could not hear her sister from behind the thick curtain? Pause the video here and maybe jot down some of your ideas on a post-it note or on a whiteboard.

Why do you think Laura could not hear her sister from behind the thick curtain? Great work everybody and great thinking from everybody.

Well done.

So thick soft materials such as some fabrics absorb sound waves better than thin, hard materials.

So curtains can act as sound absorbers because of their material and texture.

So we've got a picture of velvet curtains here, they're very thick material.

When sound waves hit these curtains, some get absorbed in the velvet fabric and do not pass through easily.

Scientists and engineers use their knowledge of sound to design rooms and buildings to reduce the volume of sound.

Laura says, "I want my room to be as quiet as possible, please can you help me choose materials which make the best sound insulators?" Our scientist here says, "Softer materials or materials with air spaces often absorb sound waves more easily.

So let's use softer materials for your furnishings." And our scientist had also said, "Cardboard boxes, soft fabric cushions and curtains, wool carpets and rugs are great items to choose when soundproofing a room.

This is because they contain lots of spaces filled with air for sound waves to be absorbed." So the scientist here has given us lots of really helpful tips for soundproofing a room.

Can you think of any other materials a scientist or engineer might use as sound insulators? Have a think about where the room you are in now.

Take a look around you.

Can you think of any other materials? Super job everyone, well done.

So let's do a quick check of our learning.

True or false? Scientists and engineers use their knowledge of sound to design buildings and bedrooms that are sound insulated.

Do we think that's true or false? What do you think? Great job everyone, the answer is true.

So let's have a little think about why it is true.

Do we think this is true because A, they explain how different materials can reduce the volume of sound? Or do we think B, because they explain how different materials can increase the volume of sound? What do you think? Super work everybody, well done.

So the answer is A, they explain how different materials can reduce the volume of sound.

Super work everyone, well done.

So let's move on to the next task for our lesson today.

So I would like you to design a sound-insulated bedroom for Laura so that she can study in peace and quiet.

So I would also like you to think about which objects should be made from which materials and why they are best at absorbing sound.

So pause the video here and I would love you to have a go at designing this bedroom.

Pause the video here, have a go and I can't wait to see your final designs.

Off you go.

Fantastic work everyone, well done.

I can see you've done some amazing designs and I'm so impressed with the work you've done so far in the lesson today.

So your task was to design a sound-insulated bedroom for Laura.

So which materials are best for absorbing sound? So in this example here, we've got some cardboard boxes.

Do you have some cardboard boxes in your design? We had some thick, fluffy wool rug in this bedroom.

Did you have a rug in your bedroom design as well? We've also got bedding made from cotton so it's nice and soft as well.

And a fur teddy bear.

Did you include a teddy bear in your design? Maybe you can add one now.

We've also got thick velvet curtains or blinds.

And we've also got soft cotton pillows.

There's lots of different things here that have been thought about different materials and the different ones that are best for absorbing sound.

Did you get some similar ideas in your bedroom design or did you have some different ideas? Maybe you can pause the video here and compare your bedroom design to your partners.

Did you include some of the same things or did you include some different things? Pause the video here and compare your work with your partner.

What things are the same, but what things are also different? Super work everyone, well done.

So you may have found that some of the things that you and your partner have done were similar, but also, the beauty of designing this bedroom here is actually some of the things could be different as well.

Well done for having a good go at this task everybody.

So we've come towards the end of our lesson today, all about sound insulation.

So let's do a summary of our learning.

So materials that are better at absorbing sound waves are called, sound insulators.

Can you say that for me, please? Excellent, well done.

And we know that scientists carry out investigations to find out which materials are good sound insulators, because not all materials are.

And sound insulators are often soft materials with spaces filled with air in them, so sound does not pass through them easily.

Scientists and engineers use their knowledge of sound to design rooms and buildings to reduce the volume of sound.

So a big well done to all of, you've done such a fantastic job here today.

Now, maybe in the future you'd like to be a scientist or an engineer and you'll be able to use your knowledge of sound insulation and maybe, you'll be designing rooms one day or even designing buildings.

And all of this knowledge about sound insulation is going to really help you.

So a big well done to everybody for their work today.

I'm so impressed.

Now, thank you for joining me for today's science lesson.

I'm so impressed with all your work.

Have a great rest of the day, and I'm sure I will see you in the next science lesson very soon.

Bye-bye everyone.