Hi everyone.

It's Ms. Panchal here.

I'm so glad that you've decided to join me on today's lesson.

So we're going to be thinking about childhood changes and all the changes that have happened in childhood, and this is part of the bigger unit of learning on human development.

So I'm going to get you thinking a little bit about some of the milestones that you've experienced already, thinking about when you first learned to walk, when you first learned to talk.

So we're going to do lots of different thinking today, and so we've got lots to do.

So let's get started.

So the outcome for today's lesson is I can describe changes in humans as they develop through childhood.

So we're going to talk through some key words that we're going to look at in today's lesson.

Some of these words you may have known before.

Some of them you might not be so sure, but don't worry.

Human, toddler, develop, child, and childhood.

So as I said, some of you may know what these words mean, and that's great, and some of you may not be so sure, but don't worry because, by the end of the lesson, you'll know what all of these words mean.

So we're going to have a look at some of these words in a sentence.

So I'm gonna put the sentences up now and I want you to pause the video here and read the sentences yourself, and then click play when you're ready to start.

Excellent.

So our lesson today is split up into two sections.

So the first part of our lesson is going to be all about toddlers, and then the second part of our lesson is going to be about the changes in childhood.

So let's get started with toddlers.

So when humans reach 12 months old, they are no longer classed as babies.

So 12 months is equivalent to one year.

From the age of one to three years old, they are classed as toddlers, and some of you may have siblings, or cousins, or relatives, or friends that are toddlers, or that have toddlers.

During this stage, their minds and bodies are developed a lot, and they learn lots of new things.

So those of you who have younger siblings who are maybe toddlers, who are a little slightly older will know there are lots of changes and things that they learn during those years.

Why do you think they're called toddlers? So a question for you to have a think about there.

So I want you to have a little bit of quiet thinking time on your own.

Why do you think they're called toddlers? I'll give you a clue.

Think about how they walk or learn to walk.

Have a think and we'll go through the answer soon.

Great job.

So at this stage, humans develop their walking skills.

And so the word toddler that comes from the unsteady toddle that is done as they're learning to walk confidently.

So as babies are, from baby to toddler, and they're learning to walk, they'll sort of waddle a little bit and toddle a little bit.

They may be a little bit unsteady on their feet, and that's where the word toddler comes from.

So from the ages of one to three years old, toddlers are continuously growing and changing.

So there's lots of changes that happen between one and three years old.

So their minds and bodies are developing.

Can you think of how they develop during this time? So have a look at that picture there.

Think about what those two children are doing.

You might even have a think about if you have any toddlers in your family and think about how they develop during this time.

Have a think and then we'll go through some examples.

Great thinking.

Well done, everyone.

So during this time, their minds and bodies change, they may learn to walk, they will learn to talk, they will learn to eat different foods, explore, but also think about building relationships, but also displaying their emotions and sharing how they feel.

So let's do a quick check of what we've learned so far in today's lesson.

So who do you agree with? So we've got Andeep here is saying, "When humans are toddlers, they are still babies because they can't walk yet." And we've got Alex here that says, "When humans are toddlers, they are not babies anymore because they are learning to walk." So have a think about what both Andeep and Alex are saying.

Who do you agree with? Have a think.

Great, so Alex is actually correct.

So when humans are toddlers, they are not babies anymore, and they are learning to walk.

So let's move on.

So at one years old, toddlers might be able to say one or two words.

And we've got a toddler there talking into a phone.

So can you find out what your first words were? So maybe have a speak with your parents, or your carers, or grandparents, or maybe if you have older siblings.

Maybe they could tell you what your first words were.

Maybe they're similar or different to your friends.

So toddlers are learning all the time.

They're exposed to lots of different things and lots of different people, and they're learning lots and lots.

So by the time they are three, they may have learned over 200 words and can often say very short sentences of two or three words.

And often toddlers and children that age will actually just be copying lots of what they hear.

So it's really important that we're using positive words, we're using happy words as they're copying a lot of that and copying a lot of those words.

So as well as walking toddlers, develop physical skills to run, jump, and climb at this age.

So when they're toddlers, they're doing lots of exploring and they may have lots of trippings over and falling over maybe with grazed knees and grazed elbows, but that's all part of being a toddler.

So toddlers will develop their climbing skills, being able to grip, but also understanding and realising the strength of their arms and their legs.

So toddlers can do lots more than babies can, but they still need help from an adult to stay safe and healthy and to learn about the world.

So whilst we can say toddlers are definitely more developed than babies as they're able to do quite a lot of things, however, actually, they still need quite a lot of help and support from adults as well to help 'em keep safe, but also still to do their everyday things.

So toddlers may experience tantrums as they find it difficult to express themselves.

Now I know some of you who have younger siblings and may have definitely experienced this.

And as an outsider, it can be quite frustrating or tricky to understand what the toddler is saying, but, actually, toddlers are struggling to express themselves and actually having a tantrum and crying can actually be their way of showing how they feel.

So at that age, they are actually developing their emotions as well as how to interact with other people.

So they're developing those social skills and developing building relationships, how to be around people, how to respect, how to respond to what people are saying or what people are doing, but also to express how they are feeling about something as well.

So maybe if they're hungry, they may cry lots or if they're upset about something, if they're fallen over.

So toddlers have different ways of expressing themselves.

And as older siblings, if you are an older sibling, it might be quite frustrating, but it's important that we are patient because we were all there once before.

So Alex says here, "This is why my toddler brother cries, shouts, and stamps his feet when he goes angry or frustrated." So you may have experienced this with your cousins maybe or younger siblings.

When they feel frustrated, they may cry, they might shout, they may scream, they may stomp their feet, and they may not be able to verbalise.

So use words to explain how they feel.

So they use actions with their body to express themselves, their feelings, but also their emotions as well.

So let's do a quick check of learning so far.

So which of these skills do toddlers often learn between the ages of one and three years? So we've got A, walking, B, talking, C, reading, D, jumping, E, writing.

So have a little think about which of these skills do the toddlers learn often between the ages of one and three.

Quick clue, there may not just be one answer.

There might be more than one.

So have a little think, and then we'll go through the answer.

Great job, everyone.

There's actually three possible answers.

So walking, talking, and also jumping.

So it's all about the toddlers getting to know their bodies, thinking about what they can and cannot do.

So we're going to move on to the first task for today's lesson.

So Aisha here has written about how toddlers develop.

Can you spot her mistakes? So what I'm going to do is read through the sentences that Aisha has written, and then I would like you to think about what mistakes she has made.

So you can either write out the sentences yourself and then cross out what's wrong and then correct it or you can just rewrite the sentence in the correct way.

So I'm going to read the sentences to you to help you have a better understanding.

Babies are classed as toddlers when they reach the age of two.

At this age, they are learning how to crawl and communicate using words.

By the age of three, they can string together two or three words to make short sentences.

Some toddlers may get frustrated and upset as they find it easy to express themselves, and toddlers are less independent than babies, but still need lots of help from adults.

Now I suggest you maybe have a read over those sentences again.

Some of them have mistakes and some of them don't.

So I want you to spot the mistakes that Aisha has made and correct them based on the learning that we have just done.

So pause the video here.

You might want to have a go at this on your own or maybe have a go with your partner and talk through your ideas.

Have a go and then we'll talk through the answers shortly.

Okay, great job, everyone.

Well done.

So let's go through the answers.

So the first sentence was, "Babies are classed as toddlers when they reach the age of," and Aisha had written two, but actually it's the age of a one.

The second sentence, "At this age, they are learning how to crawl," and it actually should be walk, "and communicate using words." So in that sentence, the crawl was incorrect.

It should have actually been walk.

The next sentence actually didn't have any mistakes in.

So by the age of three, they can string together two or three words to make short sentences.

So there was actually no errors in that sentence.

The next sentence, "Some toddlers may get frustrated and upset as they find it easy," that actually should be difficult, "to express themselves." So that was the error in that sentence.

And the last one, "Toddlers are less," it should actually be more, "independent than babies, but still need lots of help from adults." So great job, everyone.

well done for picking out and spotting those mistakes in Aisha's sentences.

Okay, so you've done a great job so far.

We've looked at toddlers.

We've looked at what they do, and what they can do, what they can't do, how they express themselves.

So we're now going to move on to the changes in childhood.

So how do you think you have changed since you are a toddler? So have a think with your talk partner.

Think about when you're a toddler.

Think about to where you are now.

What changes have you experienced? Have a think.

Great, so you may have come up with lots of different options.

One of the big huge things and main things is actually you've grown up.

You've grown a lot taller than you were as a toddler, among lots of other things as well.

So do you look different? Yes, I would say, but some things also very similar, and some of your features are the same.

Do you have different skills and abilities? So the skills you had when you were toddler, do you still have those skills or were they a little bit different? Have you gained new skills? Have you gained the ability to do new things? Discuss how you have developed with a partner.

So what I want you to do is, on a piece of paper or a whiteboard, I want you to jot down with your partner all the things that have developed since you were a toddler.

So have a think about your appearance, think about your skills, think about your abilities.

Have a go.

Great job, everyone, well done.

So once a human reaches the age of three years old, they are classed as a child up until 12 years of age.

It's got a picture of lots of children here.

And again, you may have siblings that are this age, or cousins, or family members, or friends.

So during the childhood stage, humans continue to grow and develop a huge range of skills.

And actually, even going into adulthood, it's really important and it's actually good to learn new skills and learn new things.

Can you name any of these skills? So have a think about children going through childhood.

What skills would they maybe develop? Have a think.

Great, so there might be things like learning how to ride a bike, learning how to swim, learning how to read.

So during childhood, humans reach a variety of important milestones in how they play, learn, speak, behave, and move.

So lots of different things.

So it might be a child learning how to ride a bike.

It might be learning how to play with other children.

It might be learning how to speak another language.

It may be learning how to read.

So lots of different things and milestones that can be achieved.

However, it is important to remember that all children develop differently.

Now you will notice this in your own family, in your own friend circle.

For example, one child may learn to talk earlier than the other, or one child may learn to walk earlier than the other.

And it's important to remember that there's no right time.

Yes, generally, there may be an age or a time that this may happen, but actually all children develop differently and at different rates and speeds as well.

So while there are general ages for most children to learn skills, some will learn them earlier or later than this, and that is completely normal and completely fine.

Can you find out any of your development milestones? So maybe have a think this evening with your adults, parents, and carers.

Can they help remind you maybe when you achieved some of your milestones? So maybe when you learned to walk, maybe when you learned to ride a bike, maybe when you first learned to read.

Have a think and maybe share those milestones with your friends at school.

Great job, everyone.

So we're gonna do a quick check of our learning for changes in childhood so far.

So who do you agree with? So we've got Andeep and Alex here, and they've both said two different things.

So once I've finished reading, I want you to have a think about who you agree with.

So Andeep here has said, "When humans develop through childhood, their appearance changes and they learn new skills." Whereas Alex here has said, "When humans develop through childhood, the only thing that changes is they get taller." So have a think of the learning that we've just done about changes in childhood, and who do you agree with? Do you agree with Andeep or do you agree with Alex? Have a think and then play the video again when you're ready to continue.

Okay, great job.

The answer who is correct is actually Andeep.

So Andeep has said when humans develop through childhood, their appearance changes and they learn new skills.

So yes we do, we do get taller from childhood, but, actually, that's not the only thing.

There are lots of other changes as well.

Good job, guys.

So around the ages of four to five years old, children begin learning to read, write, and understand numbers.

Many can actually write their own name by this point.

So Sophia has said my five-year-old sister is starting to understand feelings.

She sometimes shares her toys and takes turns with me.

So Sophia has learned that actually her little sister is starting to learn about feelings and understanding the importance of sharing and what that actually means, and lots of you may have experienced this yourself if you have younger siblings, or cousins, or friends.

So reading is a key skill and something that children at the age of four or five will also develop.

So Laura's older sister remembers some milestones of Laura's development as a child.

So if you have older siblings, they may remember some of the milestones that you had.

So I have an older brother that is three years older than me, and I know that he remembers when I started to learn how to walk and to talk 'cause he was that much older to remember.

Okay, at age five years, you could talk in full sentences.

And when you were age six years, your first baby teeth fell out.

And at age seven years, you loved skipping and you learned to ride a bike.

So Laura's sister is that much older, which means that she actually remembers a lot of Laura's developments that she made and the skills that she has learned.

And maybe Laura May not know them or remember them herself, but her older sister is there to help her remember.

So let's do a quick check of our learning.

So which of these are children often able to do by the age of around five years old? So A, take turns with friends, B, right their own name, C, play tennis, D, cook their own meals.

So have a think.

by the age of around five years old.

Which of these things would children often be able to do? Have a think about the discussions we've had in this lesson to help you.

Great job.

So answers are A and B.

So A take turns with friends, and B, write their own name.

So playing tennis and cooking their own meals is a little bit too farfetched for those five-year-old children.

So from the ages of eight to 12 years, children develop a better understanding of social skills to help them to make and keep friends.

So older children's physical skills are also more developed.

So they may begin to play sports.

They are usually able to dress themselves and look after their own personal hygiene, for example, showering themselves, brushing the teeth themselves.

So as children get older and develop, they're able to be a little bit more independent.

So we can also use a timeline to record how humans develop during childhood.

Now you may have seen or used timelines in your other subjects at school.

So this is an example timeline for part of a childhood.

So let's have a look at a bit more detail.

So at one year old, we are starting to learn how to walk, and then learning to climb just before about three years old.

And then baby teeth starting to fall out.

And then moving to five years old, being able to write a sentence, and then moving on to being seven years old.

So there's quite a few milestones there.

And your milestones might be similar to those ages or it might be a little bit different, but that's completely fine and completely normal.

So let's do another quick check of understanding.

So true or false.

A line graph is often used to show the stages of human development during childhood.

Do we think that is true or false? Have a think Great job, the answer actually is false.

Now we're gonna have to think about justifying our answer, so explaining our answer.

So do we think it is A, a timetable is often used to show how children develop in childhood, or do we think it is, B, a timeline is often used to show how children develop in childhood? So do we think it's A or B? Have a think Good job, the answer is B.

So we saw in the previous slide there that a timeline is often used to show how children develop and actually it shows things happening over time, which is really useful for us.

So we're going to move on to the task now.

So the first thing I'd like you to do is have a think about how you have changed during childhood.

What is one thing you have learned to do since you were eight years old? So I want you to have a little bit of quiet time to think and then maybe jot down your ideas or talk with your talk partner about one thing you have learned to do since you were eight years old.

So pause the video here, have a think, maybe jot down your ideas, and then we'll go through a couple of example answers soon.

Off you go.

Great job, everyone.

So here are some examples.

You may have had similar ones or you may have had different examples.

So the first child here said, "I can ride a bike now." So maybe before they were eight years old, they weren't able to.

The next child here said, "I learned how to tie my shoe laces." Now, tying your shoe lace is something that's very tricky.

and I definitely know that when I was little I really struggled how to do this.

So you may have learned to do that since you were eight years old.

And the last child here says, "I can write stories now." So that's thinking about your writing ability and that also may be the case for you as well.

So maybe you had something similar to these examples or maybe you had something a little bit different.

So the next task for today's lesson is you're going to create a timeline just similar to the example we looked at earlier, showing some examples and some changes of how humans go through during childhood.

So I would like you to add some pictures and statements to show key milestones such as those on the next slide, which I'll leave on there in a moment, you can add from your own childhood, such as when you learn to tell the time or to tie shoelaces.

So what you can do and what might be useful actually is actually to use your own childhood as an example.

And you may need to ask your adults around you, parents, and carers to help you maybe remember some of those milestones.

But I think it might be useful to actually do your own childhood.

Don't worry too much if you can't find out some of the specifics, but have a go.

So on the next slide here, we've got some key milestones in childhood.

So use those to help you create your timeline.

And as I said, maybe you can ask some adults around you to help you figure out exactly when you reach those milestones.

So have a go at this activity and then click play it when you're ready to continue, and then we will go through an example timeline.

Hope you have a great time reminiscing of when you achieved all of these things and I will see you when you're ready to continue with the lesson.

Off you go.

Okay, so here we have some examples.

So one child has said, "I included learning to tie shoelaces at seven years old on my timeline." Another child has said, "I learned how to ride my bike last month.

So I added that to my timeline around 10 years old." Now, for example, riding a bike, for one child, might be when they're 10 years old.

But for another child, it might be when they were seven or eight years old.

So all of our timelines will look slightly differently, and that's completely normal and completely fine.

What did you put on your timeline? So the next activity was to actually create a timeline showing the changes during childhood.

And so this is an example.

So this child has put, for one year old, about walking for two years old, holding a pencil and understanding the pencil grip.

Three years old, developing physical skills, so trying out different things.

Four to five years old, learning how to write.

That's when you are starting school.

At six years old, climbing high, so realising and understanding the strength of your arms and legs and actually being able to do a lot more than when you were younger.

Seven years old, riding his bike.

Eight years old, losing his first teeth.

At nine years old, becoming brave.

And you can see that he's holding an owl.

And at 10 years, old playing lots of sports.

And at 11 years old, becoming more independent and having more independence with his friends.

Now your timeline might be similar to this, your timeline might be a little bit different.

And as I said, that's completely normal and some of your things may be similar to this child and some of them may be different.

Now I hope you enjoyed going back to when you were little.

I always really love enjoying and were looking at old photos of when I was little, when my friends and family were little.

It's always really nice to see how people have changed over the years.

Now we've come towards the end of today's lesson and we've done lots of learning today.

So let's do a summary.

So between the ages of one and three, humans are classed as toddlers.

Toddlers learn how to walk and talk, and we know that there's lots of changes during those years as well.

Once a human reaches the age of three years old, they are classed as a child and children reach a variety of important milestones in how they play, learn, speak, behave, and move.

So there's lots of different milestones that children achieve and actually through into adulthood as well.

The stages of human development through childhood can be recorded using a timeline.

So a timeline is really useful to see how things have changed over time.

And as I said, you may have used timelines, actually, in other lessons in school as well.

So well done for all of your work today.

We've covered quite a lot about the changes in childhood, but you've done a really fantastic job and I hope that you actually enjoyed thinking about when you were a toddler, and I hope you enjoyed speaking to your parents, carers, and adults around you about when you hit all of those milestones.

Now I hope you have a lovely rest of the day and I'm sure I'll see you in the next video really soon.

Bye-bye.