Hello, and welcome to today's lesson.

My name is Mrs. Mehrin, and I'm so excited to learn more about human development with you.

Welcome to today's lesson from the unit, human development.

Your lesson outcome today is, I can plan relevant questions to ask humans about changes as they grow.

Now, I know that learning can sometimes be a little bit challenging, but that's okay because we're going to learn together and we're going to work really, really hard, and we are going to learn lots of fabulous new things.

Now, here are your key words for today.

Now, you don't need to jot these down because I will be referring back to them throughout today's lesson.

But if you do feel it'll be easier for you to have them written down, that's absolutely fine.

You can pause the video here now and do that.

Fantastic.

And here are all of the definitions for our keywords today.

I will be referring to these throughout today's video.

So again, you do not need to write these down, but if you'd like to, you can pause the video here and do that now.

Fantastic, well done.

So, your lesson today is split into two sections.

Asking relevant questions, and planning a survey.

Let's begin with the first one, asking relevant questions.

So, what do all of these words have in common? Who, what, when, where, how, and why? I'll give you some time now to think about your answer.

I'll give you five seconds, but if you need longer, that's absolutely fine.

You can just pause the video here, off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

So, these words are all question stems. Now, a question is a type of sentence which asks something.

And scientists use questions to help them find out more about the world.

When a scientist wants to know more about something, they ask questions about it.

And then, they carry out enquiries to find the answer.

So here we have a picture of a scientist carrying out an enquiry.

Let's do a quick check-in of your learning so far.

Which of these sentences are questions? A, why don't we grow anymore once we are adults? B, I don't know how tall most adults are.

C, I wonder if everyone goes through puberty at the same time.

D, what do babies eat before they can chew solid food? E, When do most humans learn to talk? So, there may be more than one correct answer here.

So, I'd like you to think really carefully about which of these sentences are questions.

Now, you can pause the video here if you'd like to.

Otherwise I will give you five seconds to think about your answer, off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

The answers are A, D, and E.

And if you look closely, they all start with those question stems. Why, what, when? Now, it's important that the questions scientists ask are relevant to what they want to find out.

Now, relevant questions are ones which relate or connect to what they want to find out.

So they aren't just random questions about a random topic.

They are specific.

Now, Lucas wants to find out about how human bodies develop during adulthood.

Which of these questions are not relevant? So he wants to find out about how human bodies develop during adulthood.

So A, what meals do adults like to eat? B, how old are most humans when they say their first word? C, when does human hair start turning grey? And D, how does eyesight change during adulthood? So have a really good think, which of those questions are not relevant to what Lucas is trying to find out? Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

The answers are A and B.

We don't need to know what kind of meals adults like to eat.

And we also don't need to know how old most humans are when they say their first word.

Fantastic learning so far, well done.

Now, different types of question stems are useful for finding out different types of information.

When is useful finding out what time, day or year something happened.

Who is useful for finding out about people or groups of people.

Where is useful for finding out about places.

And why is useful for finding out about the reasons for something.

Now, we are going to add an appropriate question stem to each of these questions.

So when, who, who, where or why.

So A, something looks after babies when they are too young to care for themselves? B, something can humans go to learn how to read and write? C, something do most humans learn to walk? And D, something does hair start becoming thinner or fall out during old age? So, I'd like you to have a go at those.

You can pause the video if you like, otherwise I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer.

Fantastic, well done.

So the answers are, who looks after babies when they are too young to care for themselves? Where can humans go to learn how to read and write? When do most humans learn to walk? And why does hair start becoming thinner or fall out during old age? Fantastic work.

So, here is your first task.

And it says, which question is the odd one out? Explain why.

So we have Laura here who says, "How do girls' bodies change during puberty?" Jacob says, "When do adults generally become elderly people?" And Jun says, "How old are boys usually when they start puberty?" So, read through all of these questions and think about which question is the odd one out.

So, I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer, but if you need longer, just pop the video on pause and come back when you are ready.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

So, let's see some of these explanations.

Sam says, "I think it's Laura's question because the answer isn't a number." Alex says, "I think it's Jacob's question because it is the only one that isn't about puberty." And Izzy says, "I think it's Jacob's question because the other two are 'how' questions." Did you have any other ideas? You may have had other ideas because there are other reasons why each of them may have been the odd one out.

Now, part of task A, this is the second part now.

It says, create a relevant question about human development for each of the question stems. So remember, you have what, why, when, how, and where.

So, I'm going to give you some time now, I'd like you to pause the video here, and I'd like you to have a go at coming up with some questions about human development.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

So these are some of the questions that you might have come up with.

What happens to our bodies when we reach puberty? Why does hair turn grey? When do most humans need glasses for reading? How do older people keep fit? And where do babies grow inside the mother? Now Izzy says, "Were your questions similar to mine?" So make sure that you've read through your questions really carefully, and you have made sure that they all make sense.

Fantastic work, well done.

Now, that means that we are are on to the second part of our learning today, and that is all about planning a survey.

Now, Andeep has been learning about human development and he knows that all humans are different.

So they grow, develop, and change at different times and in different ways.

And he wants to find out more about the development of people who live in his city.

Now, how could he do this? I'll give you some time to think about this answer.

If you need to, you can pause the video here, and you can come back once you are ready.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

So, we can find out about different populations of people by carrying out surveys.

So survey is like a type of questionnaire.

A survey is a set of questions designed to help us find out more about something.

So, let's do a quick check and make sure that you understand what a survey is.

So what is a survey? Is it A, a place on a map? B, a set of questions to help us find out about something? C, a set of information about a group of people? Or D, a quiz about scientific facts? I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer.

But if you think you need longer, that's fine, you can pop the video on pause here and come back when you are ready.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

The answer is, it's a set of questions to help us find out about something.

Well done.

So, Andeep says, "If I want to find out more about the population of my city, do I need to ask every single person my questions?" What do you think? Does he need to ask every single person questions in order to find out about the population of his city? I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer.

But if you think you need longer, that's absolutely fine.

You can pause the video here and you can come back once you are ready.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

So, it's not usually possible for scientists to ask every single member of a population their survey questions because there's just too many people.

So instead, they ask a smaller number of people, and they call this smaller group a sample.

So a sample could be taken from a very large population like this one.

And then the sample is used to get a better understanding of the population as a whole.

Because like we said, it's just near impossible to try and get every single person in a large population to answer questions.

So a sample is a fantastic way of being able to find out information that you need.

Now, deciding on how many people to include in a survey sample is important.

Aisha says, "I think a smaller sample will be better for a survey because it will be quicker and make it easier to explore the results." And Sofia says, "I think a larger sample will be better because it will give us more information about the wider population." What do you think? I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer, but if you need longer, that's absolutely fine.

Just pause the video, come back when you're ready.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

So larger samples are better because they gather more information about the population.

And the more information that we have, the more likely it is to apply across the wider population and the easier it will be to see patterns and trends.

So while it's not usually possible to ask everyone, the larger population is the larger the sample should be to give us a good understanding about the whole population.

So for example, if you only have a population of about 200 people, then a smaller sample would be absolutely fine.

But if you live in a really big population of hundreds of thousands of people, then you're going to need a much larger sample.

Doing about 10 or 20 is not going to give you enough information.

So let's do a quick check-in of your learning so far.

True or false? We have to ask every single member of a population our survey questions in order to find out about that population.

Is that true or is that false? I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer, but if you need longer, you can pause the video here.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

The answer is false.

You do not need to ask every single member of a population questions in order to find out about them.

Let's see if we can justify your answer now.

So is it because A, we can ask a sample of people to gain ideas about the population as a whole? Or B, is it because lots of people will just give us the same answers? So again, I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer, but if you need longer, just pop the video on pause.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

The answer is A.

We can ask a sample of people to gain ideas about the population as a whole.

Now Izzy is carrying out a sample survey to discover when the population of her school learned to walk.

And there are 356 pupils at her school.

What would be a good sample size for her survey? Would it be A, asking one pupil? B, 10 pupils? C, 50 pupils? Or D, 365 pupils? So, I'll give you some time now to think about your answer.

I'll give you five seconds, but if you need longer, you can just pause the video.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

The answer is C, 50 pupils.

Asking one or 10 is just too little, and she can't ask 365 pupils because there are only 356 pupils at her school.

Next question.

It says, a doctor is carrying out a survey to gather information about body changes during adolescence in her city, which has a population of 800,000 people.

What would be a good sample size? So, in this population there's 800,000 people, so what would make a good sample size? Would it be A, eight people? B, 80 people? C, 8,000 people? Or D, 800,000 people? Again, I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer, but if you need longer, you can pause the video here.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

The answer would be 8,000 people.

Now Laura is planning a survey to find out more about the human development of the population of her town.

She wants to gather information about what changes take place during different life stages, and when they happen.

What sort of questions would be relevant for her survey? So think really carefully about using those question stems that we've learnt about as well.

I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer, but if you need longer, you can pause the video here.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

So if Laura wants to know about what ages humans experience certain changes, she needs to ask questions about when things happened.

So how old were you when.

? Or, when did you.

? Let's do another check-in of your learning.

Which of these questions would be relevant for a survey about changes in humans from birth to old age? A, how old were you when you first visited a zoo? B, how old were you when your first tooth fell out? C, how old were you when you first noticed a grey hair? D, when did you start learning to walk? And E, when did you last go to the doctor? So which of those questions would be relevant for a survey about changes in humans from birth to old age? I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer, but if you need longer, you can pause the video here.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

The answer is B, C, and D.

So, here is task B.

It says, write a set of five questions you could ask a sample of people in a survey about human development from birth through to old age.

Make sure your questions are relevant and will give you the information that you need.

Make sure that your questions are relevant and will give you the information you need.

So, I'd like you to pause the video here and have a go at that task, off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

So, you may have chosen to ask similar questions to these.

How old were you when you started walking? How old were you when you noticed a deeper voice? So, this is for men only.

How old were you when you first got grey hairs? When did you realise you needed glasses to help with reading, if ever? And how old were you when you noticed wrinkles? Were any of yours similar to Izzy's? You can have a look at hers and then compare to yours as well.

So, let's do a summary of our learning.

Scientists ask relevant questions so they can find out more about the world.

Surveys are a way of gathering information by asking questions of a sample of people.

Survey questions should be carefully planned so that they gather the information we need.

Fantastic work today.

You've used your critical thinking, and you have learnt so many new things.

I'm so proud of your hard work, well done.