Hello, my name is Mrs. Mehin and I'm really excited to be learning all about the wind as an energy source with you.

Let's begin.

Welcome to today's lesson from the unit climate change and sustainability.

Your learning outcome is I can investigate how we use wind to move things and can describe how wind turbines generate electricity.

Now I know that learning can sometimes be a little bit challenging, but that's okay because it just means that we are going to work really hard together and we are going to learn some fabulous new things.

Let's begin.

So here are your keywords for today's lesson.

Now, alongside these keywords are your definitions, however, you don't need to have these written down, but if you find it helpful, you can pause the video and jot them down in a moment.

I am going to be going through all of these with you today in today's lesson.

However, like I said, if you find it helpful to have them written down next to you, that's okay.

Remember, you can always rewind the video as well and come back to the definitions too.

Now if you find it helpful, you can put the video and pause now and jot these down.

Fantastic, well done.

So our lesson today is split into two parts.

Let's begin with the first part, wind as an energy source.

Now Izzy is outdoors.

She observes tree branches moving around when suddenly her hat is blown off her head.

Now what kind of weather do you think causes this? Have a look at these pictures as well.

What kind of weather can you see happening in these pictures, which is causing, one the man's umbrella to be pushed inwards? And it looks like he's kind of trying to stop himself from falling over.

His scarf is being blown as well.

And we can see in this other picture here, the girl's hair has been blown into her face.

So what kind of weather do you think is causing this? I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

So these things happen when it's a windy day.

Now can you think of any other signs of a windy day? So you've been given three examples here, but can you see any other signs? I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

So wind is caused by moving air and air moves around because of the way the sun heats up different parts of earth.

So the sun warms the land and heats the air and this warm air rises up, and when the warm air rises, cooler air from nearby moves in to take its place.

And the movement of air from one place to another is what we call wind.

So we use the moving air, so wind as an energy source to help things work, such as helping a boat to sail or a child's toy.

Now do you know anything else that might use wind as an energy source? I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

So you might have said things like a windmill or a wind turbine, and we are going to discuss more of these.

So wind can turn the sails of windmills and the blades of wind turbines.

And here we've got a windmill and we've got a wind turbine.

And here we have the blades and it's called sails on a windmill.

Now why do you think these blades or these sails are useful? I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

It's useful because the blades and the sails are needed in order to generate power for example, with the wind turbine is needed to generate electricity.

So let's have a quick check-in of your learning and then we're going to find out why.

So what turns the blades of a windmill or wind turbine? Is it A, moving clouds, B, moving air or C rain? I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done, the answer is B, moving air.

Now humans have been using the wind as an energy source for many years and the first windmills were built over 5,000 years ago.

Now do you know what windmills were used for? I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer.

Off you go.

Fabulous, well done.

So some windmills were used for grinding wheat for flour, and when wind moves the sails of the windmill, it turns a large round heavy stone called a millstone, and the grain is fed into a small gap between the millstone and another stone underneath.

And as the millstone rotates, it grinds the grain into flour.

Now, windmills have been used to pump water for many centuries.

And in the Netherlands they continue to be used to drain water away so that the land can be used farming or building purposes as well as to prevent flooding.

So let's do a quick check-in of your learning before we continue.

So in the past what were windmills used for? was A, cooking bread, B, pumping water or C, grinding wheat or D, boiling water? I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer.

If you need longer, just put the video on pause and then come back once you are ready.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

The answer is B and C, pumping water and grinding wheat.

Now here is your first task for today and it says windmills can be used to lift objects off the ground.

Make your own win windmill to lift a load, make the blades using tape and a square piece of card, attach the blades to the shaft of the windmill, and next, attach a load on a piece of thread to the other side of the shaft.

And I want you to test the windmill using a fan or a hairdryer.

So I'll give you some time now, I'd like you to pause the video here and have the go at doing this.

And the instructions are there along with some pictures to guide you as well.

Okay, off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

So your windmill may have looked like this.

So when we used the fan to turn the blades, it made the shaft turn and the thread was called around the shaft lifting the load.

The load was hanging low down before using fan, and the load was raised after using fan.

Now we are on to the second part of our learning today, which is generating electricity from wind.

Let's begin.

So Izzy has been learning about windmills.

On a drive with her family, She sees some wind turbines and she says, "Is a wind turbine like a windmill? Is it used for pumping water or grinding flour too?" What do you think? I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

So wind turbines use wind as an energy source to generate electricity.

And the turbines can rotate so that they are facing the wind.

The blades are designed so that they will turn even if there is only a little wind.

And here is the top section of a turbine which can turn to face the wind.

Now the electricity generated by the wind turbine is then sent through wires to homes, schools, and businesses so we can use it for lights, computers, and more.

So quick question here, and it says which of the following can be generated using wind turbines? Is it A, water, B wind or C, electricity? I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

The answer is C, electricity can be generated using wind turbines.

Now when lots of wind turbines are placed close together, it is called a wind farm.

And Izzy says that sounds like they produce wind.

Is that correct? I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

So the name is a bit confusing because wind farms do not produce wind, they use it to generate electricity.

They do look like big fans, and so I can see where the misconception might be that they produce wind, however, they do generate electricity, they do not produce wind.

So Sam says, "I have heard that lots of people don't like wind farms. They think they look ugly and spoil the view." Izzy says, "I heard that wind turbines can injure or kill birds if they fly into them." And Alex says, "Yes, but there are also many benefits to using wind turbines to generate electricity." Do you know any? I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

So wind is a renewable energy source because it comes from something that never runs out, unlike fossil fuels.

So no matter how much we use the wind to generate electricity, there will always be more wind tomorrow, next week, and even a hundred years from now, unlike fossil fuels which are dying out because we're using them so much, they're running out.

So let's do a quick true or false.

And it says wind is a renewable energy source.

Is that true or false? I'll give you five seconds to think about your answer.

Off you go.

Fantastic, the answer is true.

Wind will always be there as an energy source.

Now plans have been submitted to build a new wind farm near to your local town.

Now what are the reasons for and against building a wind farm? I want you to list your ideas as bullet points.

So I'd like you to pause the video here.

You may have to do a little bit of research, think carefully about what are the reasons for building a wind farm and what might the against be in your local town.

So I'll give you some time now, put the video on pause and then come back once you are ready.

Off you go.

Fantastic, well done.

So you may have thought of these ideas.

So for you may have said, well, it's a renewable energy so we're never going to run out and it doesn't need to use fossil fuels.

Clean energy, so there's no harmful green gases produced.

Wind farms create jobs.

You may have also thought of things such as it doesn't cost a lot to maintain and run.

So it's quite cheap.

You're not ever, like we said, you're never going to run out of it because it's not like fossil fuels.

It's better for the environment as well.

And there are so many reasons for.

Also wind farms don't take up a lot of space and so it leaves room for other agricultural activities to take place.

Wind farms can also create a lot of jobs in manufacturing and installation as well.

So again, they must be in the correct location in order to get wind.

It needs to be an open space example out at sea or on a hill or on a field.

Some people think that wind turbines spoil the view and they can be harmful to birds if they were to, for example, fly into them.

So now we are onto the summary of your learning today, and it says moving air, wind can turn the blades of windmills or turbines.

Windmills have been used for many years to help us do work like pumping water or grinding wheat for flour.

Wind turbines are now used to generate electricity and the wind is a renewable energy source as there will always be wind.

You have worked incredibly hard.

I'm so proud of your fantastic learning today.

You have done brilliantly, well done.