Hello, my name is Mr. Wilshire, and in this lesson, we're going to be looking at a healthy heart rate.

The outcome for this lesson is I can describe the impact of exercise on the human body.

There are some key words to think about as we progress through our lesson.

The first is heart rate.

Next is oxygen, then artery, after that exercise, and finally circulation.

Don't worry if you're not too sure what some of these words mean.

You can pause a video here and recap what these definitions are.

Pause now if you need to.

The first part of this lesson is called measuring heart rate.

The heart is an important part of the circulatory system.

Here, you can see an image of a human heart.

It's in the centre of your chest protected by your ribcage.

It's about the same size as your fist.

I wonder if you could put your fist in front of your ribcage there in the centre of your chest and see if you can imagine something that size below there, pumping away.

What else can you remember about the heart and the way that it works? Pause the video now and discuss.

I wonder what you came up with.

Did you remember that it's the same size as a fist? Did you know that it was in the centre? Can you remember that the heart pumps blood? Well, let's find out more.

The function of the heart is to pump blood around the body.

Here, you can see a diagram of a heart, and circled there are the different valves that allow blood to pass through inside the heart.

Inside the heart are these valves.

They open and close to ensure that blood flows in the correct direction around the body.

We can feel and hear our heart beating as the valves inside close.

If you can place your hand on your chest and find your heart and see if you can feel those valves closing.

Did you feel your heart beating? I'm sure you were able to feel something.

Sometimes it can be a little tricky to locate it first try.

Our heart rate is the measure of how fast our heart is beating.

It's also known as our pulse rate.

Your heart rate, or your pulse rate as it's known, is the number of times your he beats in one minute.

It's measured in beats per minute or BPM.

Laura says, "How could I find out my heart rate?" Hmm, I wonder.

Do you know? How could she find it out? Pause the video now and discuss.

I wonder how Laura can find out her heart rate.

What did you come up with? Was it something to do with placing fingers somewhere? First, let's stop and think.

What is your heart rate? Read the statements below and decide.

The correct answer here is A, the number of times your heart beats in a minute.

What unit of measure do we use for heart rate? Read the statements below and decide which units of measure best fits.

We measure a heart rate in BPM, beats per minute.

So can you remember before you were asked to think about how Laura could find her heart rate? You may have said about placing your hand on your chest or even placing a finger up here to see if you could find your pulse.

If you're not sure, have a try yourself and see if you can find anything beating.

There's also a range of different equipment that we can use for measuring heart rate.

I wonder if you've seen any of this equipment before.

Have a look.

Have you seen any of this equipment before? Well, the first person there has got a stethoscope.

Stethoscopes are used to place in the ears so that you can hear the heart underneath the skin.

Next up there is a heart rate pressure monitor.

You may have used one of these if you've visited the doctor's or a hospital, and also there is a smartwatch.

That's another way that you can detect your beats per minute.

So let's look at these in a little bit more detail.

Stethoscopes are made from a small drum, which is connected to tubes with ear earpieces on the end.

Here, you can see an example of a stethoscope and a doctor using it to listen to a patient's heart.

The drum can be placed over a person's heart to listen to how fast it's beating.

The vibrations from the heartbeat make the membrane or skin of the drum vibrate.

These vibrations travel through the air in the tubes into the user's ears.

This makes the pulse sound very clear, and from there, the doctor or medical professional is able to determine their BPM or their heart rate.

This is a pulse oximeter.

These are small little devices which can be clipped onto a body part.

Usually, it's a finger.

They use light to measure heart rate and the amount of oxygen in your blood.

You may have seen these before if you've been to the doctor's or if you've been to a hospital.

Usually if you need to visit a hospital, they will do this as some sort of observation before you are seen by anybody else.

Smartwatches and other wearable technology can also be used to measure heart rate.

Here, you can see a smartwatch on someone's wrist.

It's showing there that their heart rate is 74 BPM.

That's beats per minute.

This technology makes it easy for people to observe and monitor their heart rate at home.

Have a little look here at this equipment.

Which equipment could we use for measuring heart rate? The correct answer here is A, C, and D, stethoscope, the smartwatch and the pulse oximeter.

Sam says, "I don't have any of this technology for measuring my pulse.

How can I find out about my heart rate?" Well, what do you think? We've had a chat about this before.

See if you can remember.

So what did you remember? What can we do if we don't have any of this type of equipment? Well, we could find our heart rate by feeling our pulse through our skin.

I wonder which of you suggested that before.

You do this by taking two fingers and placing it just around your neck, feeling around until you can find the artery.

At places where an artery runs close to the surface of our skin, we can feel the beats of our heart as blood moves through the artery.

There, you can see an image of somebody doing that and using a timer on their phone to count their BPM.

There's also an artery running down your wrist at the base of your thumb and another in your neck, just below your jaw.

So use two fingers here to feel around these areas of your body yourself.

See if you can find a pulse.

There is an image of somebody finding the pulse in a wrist and someone else finding the pulse in their neck.

So you have a go now.

See if you can find your own pulse.

Restart the video when you've done that.

Hopefully, you were able to find something there, just like we tried before.

Did you find it in your wrist, or maybe you it in your neck.

Well done.

So to measure your heart rate, you need to find a pulse in your wrist or neck and then count how many times you feel a heart beat in 30 seconds.

You can see an image of someone doing this below.

You then need to multiply this by two to find your heart rate.

You've had lots of practise in this, so I think you're going to be good at the task that's coming up soon, but first, stop and think.

Where are the best places to feel your pulse? Read the statements and decide.

The correct answer here is C, "Where there is an artery close to the skin, such as your wrist or neck." This is task A.

You need to find your pulse here and measure your heart rate.

So use two fingers to find a pulse on your neck or maybe on your wrist.

Count how many beats you feel in 30 seconds.

You can use a stopwatch or timer to help with this.

Then multiply by two to find your heart rate in beats per minute.

Best of luck with your task.

See you in a moment.

How did you get on? Were you able to find your pulse and measure your heart rate? Here are some results that some of the children have.

Andeep says, "My heart rate was 63 BPM." Jacob says, "Mine was 74 BPM." Sofia says, "What was your heart rate?" It might be that your heart rate was a little bit different to this, or maybe it was very similar.

I wonder if you could work out an average across your class to see who is similar to who.

Well done for completing that task.

Final part of this lesson is called heart rate and exercise.

Your heart rate when you're not being physically active is called your resting heart rate.

Here, you can see an image of somebody writing.

It's not particularly a very strenuous activity, is it? You would have a resting heart rate while doing activities like writing like this.

Maybe you are reading a book or typing at a laptop.

Those are all activities which your heart would be beating normally.

When we're physically active, our heart beats a lot faster.

Here's an image of people being physically active.

Might be running, might be jumping, climbing, skipping, whatever sport you might enjoy doing.

Why do you think your heart starts to beat faster? Pause the video and discuss.

Well, why do you think this is? Well, when our muscles are being used more or working harder, they need a lot more oxygen than when they're resting.

Here, you can see some more examples of people exercising.

Your heart beats faster when you exercise so that blood can circulate faster and, therefore, deliver more oxygen to your muscles.

Stop and think which of these activities are likely to make your heart rate increase? Have a read of each one, and decide which one matches.

The correct answer here is going for a walk, playing hockey, and riding a scooter.

Taking a nap, colouring in, and travelling aren't particularly strenuous, are they? So your heart rate is going to stay about the same.

Regular exercise keeps your heart really healthy and strong and helps blood circulation.

Here, you can see an image of people exercising.

It's important to get regular exercise to keep our hearts and bodies healthy.

Some children here are talking about exercise.

Aisha says, "Well, I don't think I've got the time for exercise." Izzy says, "I don't have any equipment for exercising, so I can't do it," and Lucas says, "Exercise is all boring, so I don't want to do it." Well, fair enough, but what do you think? Are the children right? Do they not need to do anything because they can't or they don't have it or it's boring? Hmm, have a think.

What all did you think? Well, exercise can be any activity, really.

It's where you use a lot of effort to use your muscles and move your body.

This could include skipping, dancing, playing basketball, bouncing on a trampoline.

All of these things are fun, and all of these things will increase your heart rate.

Just because you don't have any particular equipment doesn't mean that you can't do any of these activities, though.

You could just go exploring yourself.

Sometimes getting up and going for a walk is the best activity that you can get in a day.

I wonder if you can think of any other forms of exercise here, especially those that don't need any equipment, like the ones below.

Have a think.

What did you think of? Maybe you thought of climbing or running, maybe rugby or hockey.

There are lots of different types of exercise that you can do.

What about ones without equipment? Well, running.

You certainly don't need anything for that and jogging.

You could go exploring in the woods.

All of these are physical types of exercise, aren't they? Stop and think.

Which of these are benefits of regular exercise? The correct answer here is a strong heart and improved circulation.

Here is task B.

You need to investigate how your heart rate changes after different exercises.

You could choose three exercises and carry out each one for one minute.

You could try fast walking, jogging, rowing, catching a bean bag, or any other exercise that gets your body moving, really.

After each one of these, measure your heart rate and record it in the table.

Then you can rest for three minutes after each exercise to allow your heart rate to slow down, ready for the next one.

Here's an example of the table that you could use.

The type of activity is down the left and the heart rate or BPM is down the right.

You'll need to count and time that yourself.

Best of luck with your task.

See you in a moment.

So how did you get on? Jun says that these are his results.

I wonder if they're similar to yours.

The type of activity that he chose is resting, walking quickly, jogging and star jumps, lots of different types of activity there.

His heart rate rose from 62 all the way up to 102 there, so different types of answers.

So doing star jumps, jumping up and down was the most strenuous there, wasn't it, at 102 BPM.

I wonder if your results looked the same with the types of activity that you did.

What was your BPM? Here's the second part of this task.

Explain why your resting heart rate was different to the heart rate measurements you took after exercising.

Think about that question there and the type of answer you need to give.

Use your results to help you.

Best of luck.

See you in a moment.

Your answer could look similar to this.

This is what Jun says.

"Exercise made my heart rate increase because my muscles needed more oxygen.

Oxygen is transported in my blood.

My heart was beating faster in order to circulate blood around my body more quickly and therefore deliver more oxygen to my muscles." I wonder if you said something the same.

Hopefully, you've enjoyed completing that table and having a go at some different types of exercise.

Well done.

Let's summarise our lesson.

Your heart rate is how many times your heart beats each minute.

We can measure heart rate by checking our pulse or using technologies, such as stethoscopes and pulse oximeters.

You can also see an example of a smartwatch in the image there.

During exercise, your heart beats faster so that more blood circulates around your body delivering oxygen.

Exercise strengthens your heart and improves your circulation.

Well, with this type of knowledge, you could go on to instruct people how to have a healthy heart, as well.

Hopefully, you can compare your BPM with others in the class and think about how you might be able to increase your exercise in a day to make sure that your heart stays nice and healthy.

I've been Mr. Wilshire.

Thank you very much for listening.