Hello, my name is Miss Waller and I'm really looking forward to guiding you through today's lesson.

Today's lesson is all about how to be an inclusive friend and it fits into our unit about healthy relationships and how we can set healthy boundaries.

In today's lesson, we're going to be talking about characteristics and something called discrimination.

Some parts of this lesson might be upsetting or uncomfortable, so we recommend that you have an adult with you, during this lesson.

If at any point you do become uncomfortable or upset, it's really important that you close the screen and that you go and speak to a trusted adult.

I'm really looking forward to today's lesson, so let's make a start.

By the end of today's lesson, you will be able to confidently explain how to be an inclusive friend.

Before we get going, we need to go over some ground rules.

So, Laura reminds us that we need to listen to other people.

This means that we're not going to interrupt other people if they're speaking.

Jacob reminds us that we need to not speak with any judgement.

That means we're not going to judge other people for what they say, how they feel or maybe something they've experienced.

Andeep tells us that it's important to respect everyone's privacy.

That means we're not going to ask anyone personal questions as that could make people feel uncomfortable.

And finally, Izzy tells us that we can choose our level of participation.

That means it's up to us how much we want to join in and these ground rules will help keep everyone safe and help keep everyone feeling comfortable, during today's lesson.

We are now going to look at this lesson's key words.

These words are going to come up multiple times, throughout today's lesson.

So, it's important that we feel confident in knowing what they all mean.

So first of all, we've got equality, which means treating everyone the same and giving them the same opportunities, no matter who they are.

Next, we've got characteristic, which is an important trait or feature of a person.

Next, we've got discriminate, which means treating someone worse, because of their characteristics.

And finally, we've got the word inclusive.

This means making everyone feel welcome and part of the group no matter who they are.

Today's lesson is split into two learning cycles.

The first learning cycle is called what are characteristics? And the second is why is it important to include people? We're now going to move on to the first learning cycle.

What are characteristics? Let's go.

Equality means that everyone is treated fairly and with respect according to their unique qualities and traits.

Some ways in which people can be different are their religion, age and skin colour, but these are just some of the ways.

There are lots of others.

And if you take a look at this photo, you can see a group of children.

Can you see the ways in which they're different to each other? And what are the ways that they could be the same? Now have a think about yourself.

What are some qualities and traits that you have? Maybe you want to tell the person next to you, tell me or just have a think to yourself.

What are some qualities and traits that you have? People's different qualities and traits are called their characteristics.

And remember that was one of this lesson's keywords.

Everyone should be treated with respect, no matter what their characteristics are.

Sometimes people are treated unfairly, because of a characteristic that they have and this is what we call discrimination.

For example, somebody could be treated unfairly, because they're a girl or because they have a disability and they could be treated unfairly, because of another characteristic that they have.

In the UK, the Equality Act applies to everyone.

The Equality Act, which came about in 2010, means that regardless of their characteristics, people are clearly protected from discrimination by the law.

The Equality Act outlines nine protected characteristics and we've got a list of them here which we're gonna go through.

So first of all, we've got age, which means how old you are.

Next we've got disability, because some people have disabilities and they need to be protected by the law.

Next, we've got gender reassignment, which is about how you identify.

Next, we've got marriage and civil partnership, which is about whether you are married or in a civil partnership or not.

Next, we've got pregnancy and maternity.

Next, we've got race, which is also called ethnicity.

We've also got religion or belief, because there are lots of different religions.

We've next got your sex, which is referring to whether you are a man or a woman.

Finally, we've got sexual orientation and this can also be called your sexuality.

We're now going to do a check for understanding to see how you're getting on so far.

So, which of these is not a protected characteristic? Is it A, sex? B, eye colour or C, race? Remember, this has also caused your ethnicity.

So, which of these is not a protected characteristic, under the Equality Act? Take a couple of minutes and have a think.

You might want to turn to the person next to you, tell me or just have a think to yourself.

Well done if you said eye colour.

Eye colour is not a protected characteristic, but your sex, so whether you are a man or a woman or your race and ethnicity, they are protected under the Equality Act.

So while done, if got that right.

The Equality Act makes it unlawful to discriminate against somebody, because of a protected characteristic.

For example, it would be discrimination to not give somebody a job because of their ethnicity.

Take a couple of minutes to think about any other examples of discrimination.

Okay, other examples of discrimination, according to the Equality Act, include a woman being denied a job promotion, because she's pregnant.

As Sam tells us under the Equality Act, this would be an example of discrimination, based on pregnancy and maternity.

Another example would be an employee, facing repeated racial slurs from coworkers and their employer not taking action.

So, your coworkers are the people you work with and your employer is who you work for.

Sam says that under the Equality Act, this would be an example of discrimination, based on race and ethnicity.

Another example would be a job applicant with a disability, not being given a job just because their employer assumed that they wouldn't be able to do the job.

And this would be an assumption based purely on their disability.

Sam says that under the Equality Act, this would be an example of discrimination, based on disability.

It's important that we respect everyone, regardless of what their characteristics are.

And Jacob asks a really good question, "Why do you think the law "that protects the nine characteristics "is called the Equality Act?" Take a couple of minutes and have a think.

Why do you think the law that protects the nine characteristics is called the Equality Act? Let's see what Alex has to say.

Alex suggests that it's called the Equality Act, because it is intended to make sure that people are treated equally.

Did you say something similar to Alex or did you have something different? Regardless of someone's characteristics, it's really important to not discriminate against other people.

This might mean not discriminating against someone, because of their glasses, their weight or their interests.

We're now going to do another check for understanding, but now we're going to do a true or false.

What do you think? It's wrong to discriminate against somebody, because of their characteristics? Do you think this is true or false? Take a couple of minutes and have a think.

Well done if you said that this was true, but now I want you to think about why.

Why is it wrong to discriminate against somebody, because of their characteristics? I want to tell the person next to you, tell me or just have a think to yourself.

Let's have a look and see what I have to say.

And you can see if you had something similar.

It's important to not discriminate against anyone.

This includes characteristics protected by the Equality Act, but also other characteristics like wearing glasses and someone's weight.

So, well done if you had an idea that was similar to mine or maybe you had something different.

We're now going to put your learning so far into practise, categorise the characteristics into protected and unprotected under the Equality Act.

I'd like you to use a table to lay out your answers.

We've got age, piercings, how much money you have, where you live, disability, sexuality, which was also called your sexual orientation, liking sports, race, otherwise known as ethnicity, hair colour, and sex.

So, I would like you to use a table to categorise these characteristics into protected and unprotected under the Equality Act.

You might want to pause the video while you are doing this and you might need a worksheet.

Off you go.

Okay, well done.

Let's have a look and see how you got on.

So, your completed table could look a bit like this.

Under the protected characteristics, under the Equality Act, you should have age, sex, race or ethnicity, disability and sexuality or sexual orientation.

In the unprotected characteristics, you should have hair colour, piercings, liking sports, where you live and how much money you have.

But remember that regardless of people's characteristics, it's important that we don't discriminate against anyone.

Well done.

We have reached the end of our first learning cycle.

So, let's move on to the second.

Why is it important to include people? What do you think about Sophia's comment? Sophia says, "You should be friends with people just like you." Have a think.

Is this something you agree with or disagree with or maybe you're somewhere in the middle? Well done if you said that you would disagree with what Sophia's saying.

Sophia's wrong.

We can learn a lot from people who are different to us.

And it is really good to have lots of different friends who all have different characteristics.

It's important that friends never discriminate, against others because of their protected characteristics.

And remember, these were the nine that were outlined in the Equality Act.

We should consider how it would make other people feel if they experienced discrimination.

As Jun tells us, I would feel really upset if someone discriminated against me, because of one of my protected characteristics.

People who experience discrimination can feel lots of different feelings.

They might feel left out, they might feel upset, they might feel insecure about their identity or characteristic.

This might mean that if they experience discrimination, because of this, they might feel self-conscious or it might affect their self-esteem.

And this could mean that they feel quite nervous or anxious.

They might feel alone and they might feel angry.

So, people who experience discrimination can feel a wide range of emotions, which is why it's really important that we don't discriminate against other people.

Okay, let's do another check for understanding.

How might someone who experienced discrimination feel? Are they going to feel A, left out? B, included? C, upset? Or D, happy? And there might be more than one correct answer for this one.

So, think carefully.

How might someone who experiences discrimination feel? Well done if you said A, left out or C, upset? We can support people experiencing discrimination by being an inclusive friend.

And remember, this is what today's lesson is all about.

This can look like looking out for people who might need help, being open to making new friends, telling a trusted adult if we see discrimination happen, so that this might be a family member, it could be a teacher or it could be another adult that you feel safe with and who you trust.

It can also look like making friends with people who are different from us.

So, they might have lots of different characteristics that we don't have.

And we can also adapt our games, so that everyone can be included.

Some people might have characteristics that mean they can't join in in the same games as everyone else.

So, it might be that we adapt those games in some ways, so that everyone can get involved.

We're now going to do another true or false.

Leaving somebody outta a game, because they are deaf and can't hear you is okay.

Is that true or is it false? Well done if you said that this is false, but now have another think about why this is not okay.

Let's have a look at what I have to say and then you can compare your answer.

Leaving them out would be a form of discrimination, because they're being excluded because of their disability and that means they're not being allowed to join in.

You could be an inclusive friend instead by using hand signals to help them play instead.

And remember, this relates to what we said about adapting games, so that everyone can join in.

Discriminating against somebody, would be an example of a red flag.

And a red flag suggests that a relationship, including a friendship might not be healthy.

And this means that it might not be very good for us.

A relationship or friendship may not be healthy if they often make you feel unhappy, if they don't listen to you, if they don't respect your opinion, if they make you feel unsafe, if they don't include you regularly.

So, this means that it happens quite a lot.

These are all examples of ways that a relationship or friendship might not be healthy.

These are all red flags and Jun tells us that it's important to be aware of red flags in any relationship or friendship, but we can look out for green flags.

And these are the opposite of a red flag.

They are signs that our relationship is healthy and it is good for us.

So, a relationship or friendship might be healthy if they make you feel happy, if they listen to you, if they respect your opinion, if they make you feel safe and they regularly include you.

So, have a little think, maybe you are thinking about your own friends.

Think about those flags and red flags and see how you feel.

Even if your friends don't always agree with you, it's really important that they respect your opinion.

No one is going to agree with each other all the time.

But it's important that regardless, we don't discriminate against each other and we always respect each other.

Red and green flags apply to both friendships and relationships.

So, friends might argue sometimes, but it is unhealthy if this happens all the time.

And it's important to look out for both red and green flags to check that any relationship is healthy.

Okay, I'd like you to have a look at these behaviours and I'd like you to think, which of these behaviours are red flags? Can you remember what that means? A red flag is a sign that a relationship or friendship, might not be healthy and it might not be good for you.

So, A, disagreeing on what film to watch.

B, making fun of how someone looks.

And C, upsetting someone accidentally or D, regularly excluding or leaving someone out.

Which of those behaviours are red flags? Well done if you said B and D.

Making fun of how someone looks and regularly excluding someone, would be examples of a red flag.

And that means that we need to keep an eye out for them, 'cause they suggest that we might not be in a healthy relationship or friendship.

Let's have a look and see what Laura has to say and we'll see if you agree or disagree.

Laura says, I think friends should always have the same thoughts and opinions.

What do you think? Do you agree with Laura or do you disagree? Well done if you said that you disagreed with Laura.

It's normal and it's healthy for friends to think differently and disagree with each other.

But can you remember what the important part is? The important part is that friends always respect each other.

Now, let's look and see what Alex has to say and we can see if you agree or disagree.

Alex says, "It's okay to exclude people." Remember this means to leave them out, "If they have a different opinion to you." Have a think, do you agree with Alex or do you disagree? Let's see what I have said.

Let's see what I have put and you can see if you've got something similar.

I don't agree with Alex.

It's important to be an inclusive friend by including people who have different thoughts and opinions to us.

Well done if you said something similar.

We are now going to move on to your final practise task.

You've done really well so far, so well done.

I'd like you to discuss the questions with your learning partner and complete the table by adding your ideas.

I'd like you to set your table out into three columns.

Why is it important to include people? How does discrimination make people feel? And what can you do to be an inclusive friend? So, discuss these questions with your learning partner or have a think to yourself and complete the table by adding your ideas.

I look forward to seeing what you came up with.

Okay, let's have a look at what I put and you can see if you've got something similar.

In the column, why is it important to include people? You might have so that nobody's left out.

So, that we can learn a lot from people different to us and so that nobody feels discriminated against.

In the second column, how does discrimination make people feel? You might have alone and left out.

Insecure about their identity or their characteristic and upset and angry.

And in your final column, what can you do to be an inclusive friend? You might have tell a trusted adult if you see discrimination.

Include people experiencing discrimination in games and look out for people who may need help.

Now, would be a really good time to think about your own trusted adults.

Who would you go to if you saw discrimination happen? Well done on your hard work on this task.

Okay, we're now going to summarise the key learning points from today's lesson.

Let's see how confident you feel with all of them.

So, the Equality Act applies to everyone in the UK.

There are nine protected characteristics under the Equality Act.

Can you remember what these were? Some of these were age, sex, disability and race or ethnicity.

Everyone should be treated fairly, whatever their protected characteristics are.

But nobody should discriminate against somebody, because of a protected characteristic or any characteristic that they have.

It is really important to regularly include others, so that we are always being an inclusive friend.

In today's lesson, there are some things that might have made you feel a little bit worried or maybe you have some questions.

So, there are places that you can go to get some support.

First of all, you should always talk to a trusted adult, but on the screen, there are also some other places and organisations where you can also get support.

Well done for your fantastic hard work today.

I have really enjoyed teaching you today and I hope to see you again soon.