Lesson video

Hello, everyone.

My name is Mr. Brown, and I'm here with your English lesson for today.

And we are planning.

We are planning to write a section all about bats in a non-chronological report.

The non-chronological report will be about nocturnal animals, and this section is focusing on bats.

So, let's get planning.

The outcome for today's lesson is, "I can make a plan for writing about bats in a non-chronological report on nocturnal animals." And the key words we'll use in today's lesson are, plan, notes.

My turn, your turn.

Plan.

Amazing.

Notes.

Perfect.

Well done.

The lesson outline.

We will start by preparing to plan, and then we'll move on to writing the plan itself.

In this lesson, you'll be making a brief plan.

Now, brief means short.

A brief plan that will support you when writing a section of a non-chronological report on nocturnal animals.

A plan helps a writer to organise their ideas, thoughts, and information they want to include in their writing.

So, all the ideas you have, the thoughts about how you are going to engage the reader, the information that you want to include, this plan is going to help you organise that to make it easy for you to be able to put it into full sentences.

However, in order to plan effectively, you will need to prepare by becoming familiar with the key information you'll be sharing in the first section of your report.

So, we can't plan to write a section about bats unless you know about bats.

The sections of a non-chronological report are structured in this order.

We start with an introduction section, where the purpose is to engage the reader, to tell them a brief overview of what's to come in the report, and to make them want to read on, to entice them to keep reading.

Section 1 and section 2.

And in this lesson, we are planning the first section, section 1, and that section will be all about bats.

To inform the reader all about bats, you'll need to have a good knowledge yourself.

You need to be experts on bats so that you can tell other people about bats.

We will now revise your knowledge of bats so that you are ready to make your plan.

So, revising means to go over previous knowledge, because we've looked at bats before.

But if you didn't see that lesson, that's absolutely fine, we are going to go over the information again.

Bats are nocturnal animals.

This means they sleep during the day and are awake at night.

Bats are nocturnal animals, very important.

There are many different nocturnal animals such as hedgehogs, badgers, foxes, and owls.

And in our report on nocturnal animals, we will have a section on bats, and we will have a section on hedgehogs.

Let's check our understanding.

When are nocturnal animals active? Active.

So active means awake.

When are they awake? When are they eating, hunting, moving around? When are nocturnal animals active? Is it A, during the day, B, at night, or C, when the lights are on? A, B, or C? Can you pause the video and decide when an nocturnal animal's active, now? Welcome back, everyone.

Okay.

So, nocturnal animals are active during the day? Well, we know nocturnal means that they are active at night.

So it's B.

Well done if you said B, at night.

Bats are nocturnal mammals, and are awake at night, dusk, and dawn.

So dusk and dawn.

Dusk is just before nighttime, as the sun is going down, as the sun is setting.

And dawn is just before the day starts, as the sun is rising.

They are the only mammals that can fly, which makes them quite unique.

Out of all the hundreds and thousands of mammals, they are the only ones that can fly.

That does make them quite unique, doesn't it? Bats fly through the air using their thin, leathery wings.

And if you look at that picture, you can see the bat is spreading its thin, leathery, wings wide, that's helping them to fly through the air.

Now let's look at a bat's wing quite closely.

A bat's wing is made up of an arm and a hand.

It is similar to the bone structure of humans.

And you can see in that image, you have got the arm bone stretching across, and a hand where there are several bones that act like fingers.

Their wings help them to fly swiftly and skillfully.

Also, the bones in the wings help them to change direction easily when flying, which supports them to avoid objects such as trees.

So, bats, when they're flying through the air, they don't want to bump into trees.

And luckily, the bones that they've got in their wings, allow them to quickly change direction and avoid objects.

Let's check your understanding.

Select the statements which are true about a bat's wings.

A, the bones in their wings help them to change direction easily when flying.

Is that true? B, their thin, leathery wings help them to fly swiftly and skillfully.

Is that true? C, the skin on a bat's wings helps them to change direction easily when flying.

What do you think? A, B, C? There are two correct statements.

Two statements which are true.

Your job? Find those statements.

Pause the video and select which two statements are true, now.

Welcome back, everyone.

Let's see if you manage to find the two statements that were true.

So statement A, the bones in their wings help them to change direction easily when flying, is absolutely right.

Well done if you said A.

B, their skin.

Their leathery, thin.

Sorry, their thin, leathery wings help them to fly swiftly and skillfully.

Is that true? What do you think? Their thin, leathery wings do help them to fly swiftly and skillfully.

Well done if you said A and B, which means C is not a correct answer.

The skin on a bat's wings helps them to change direction easily? No, that's the bones in the wings.

The skin, the thin, leathery skin on the wings, helps them to fly, but not to change direction.

That's the bone structure that they have in their wings.

Well done if you said A and B.

Now, bats have very poor eyesight, and are almost completely blind, which means they cannot see.

However, they have made an adaptation that has helped them to survive and fly without bumping into things.

Bats use an amazing skill called echolocation.

Can you just repeat that word after me? Echolocation.

This is an adaptation that bats have made.

Adaptations are changes that an animal has made or a plant has made over hundreds, or perhaps, thousands of millions of years.

Echolocation is an example of an excellent adaptation.

Echolocation is a very special tool that some animals like bats and dolphins use to help them understand their surroundings when they cannot see.

They make sound waves.

And when those sound waves bounce off objects, they come back to their ears.

It helps them to know where they are.

It is almost like having a built-in radar.

What an incredible adaptation to make.

Sound waves that are produced by the bat bounce off an object, come back to the bat's ears, and that information helps the bat to understand how far away the object is.

Therefore, the bat can avoid it.

True or false? Echolocation is used by bats to help them understand where objects are in their surroundings.

Is that true or is that false? Pause the video and decide for yourself, now.

Welcome back, everyone.

So, echolocation, is it used by bats to help them understand where objects are in their surroundings? Well, we know that they have very poor eyesight, so they can't see the objects in their surroundings.

It is true.

Well done if you said, true.

Echolocation, what an amazing adaptation.

Bats are very diverse creatures, and they can be found in lots of different habitats around the world.

The ability to adapt to different environments is another reason bats are such super animals.

Some bats love cosy caves where it's dark and quiet.

Others prefer big trees in the forest where they can hide inside tree hollows.

Interestingly, some bats live in cities alongside millions of humans.

And there are even bats that have made hot deserts, and leafy jungles their homes.

True or false? Bats are always found in the same habitat.

Is that true or is that false? Are bats always found in the same habitat? True or false? Pause the video and decide for yourself, now.

And welcome back.

Let's see if you're right.

Bats are always found in the same habitat? Absolutely not.

They have a very diverse range of habitats that they live in around the world.

So, well done if you said, false.

In the United Kingdom, where we live, the habitat is not like a desert or a jungle.

Bats have made a few different places their favourite spots to live.

Bats can be mostly found in the following places.

This is in the United Kingdom.

Bats can be mostly found in trees, old buildings, caves, and under bridges.

So these are the favourite spots that bats have made to make their habitats in the United Kingdom.

Bats like habitats that are dark, are safe from predators, have a stable temperature, and provide protection from weather conditions.

Places such as caves and the roofs of old buildings like churches, provide a perfect habitat.

So you can see this picture of a cage, a cave, and here, this picture of a church, these would be perfect habitats for the bats to live in.

The cave is dark, warm.

It would provide a stable temperature, protection from the weather, predators might not be able to get in there.

And the same can be said for the roof of an old church.

Let's check our understanding.

Which two of these would make a good spot for a bat's habitat.

Is it A, caves, B, new buildings, or C, old buildings? Which two of these would make a good spot for bat's habitat? Can you pause the video and decide which two would make great spots for bat's habitats, now? And welcome back.

Okay, let's see if you found the two spots that would make a perfect place for a bat's habitat.

Well done if you said caves, they are dark, they are providing a stable temperature, protection from the weather, perfect for bats habitat.

So now it's new buildings or old buildings.

Now, bats love old buildings.

New buildings might be difficult for bats to get in and out of, but old buildings might have small holes and gaps that they could fly in and out of to be able to go back and forth from their home.

So, well done if you said A and C.

Time for a practise task.

I would like you to use the knowledge that you have gained about bats to fill in the blanks in these sentences below.

So you can see I've put a box at the bottom with five words, adaptation, leathery, awake, echolocation, and mammals.

Your job is to use those words to fill in the blanks.

Let me read you the sentences and then you can pause the video and decide which words go in which blank.

Bat sleep during the day and are mmm at night, which means they are called nocturnal animals.

They are the only mmm that can fly.

They fly using their thin, mmm wings.

And the last one, bats have very poor eyesight and use an mmm, called mmm, to understand their surroundings.

Your job? Fill in the blanks.

Pause the video and have a go, now.

Welcome back, everyone.

So, let's see if you managed to do this task correctly.

Well done if you said bat sleep during the day and are awake at night, which means they are called nocturnal animals.

They are the only mammals that can fly.

They fly using their thin, leathery wings.

Bats have very poor eyesight and use an adaptation called echolocation to understand their surrounding.

Well done if you completed that task correctly.

Now, time to move on to writing the plan.

When we write a plan, we use notes.

That's one of our key words, notes.

Notes are short and capture key vocabulary and important information.

The purpose of notes is to help the writer to organise information easily for future use.

Now, we use bullet points when we're note-taking, and they look a bit like this.

And you can see you've got a thick full stop on the left side, and then you put a note next to it.

Which two of these are things that notes help us to capture? Is it A, full sentences, B, unimportant information, C, key vocabulary, or D, important information? Which two of these are things that notes help us to capture? A, B, C, D? You're choosing two.

Pause the video and have a go, now.

Welcome back, everyone.

Let's see if you manage to find the two correct answers.

So, which two of these are things that notes help us to capture? A, full sentences.

Notes do not help us to capture full sentences.

Notes will not contain full sentences.

B, unimportant information.

Well, if it's unimportant, it shouldn't be in your notes.

Notes are for key vocabulary and important information.

The really important things should be in your notes so that when you come to write, you know that they are there and it will help you to not miss them.

Well done if you said C and D.

Notes are not written in full sentences and do not require capital letters, full stops, or commas.

They can be made of just a few words.

The writer making the notes just needs to understand them.

The notes are personal for you.

You need to understand what the notes mean.

They need to support you when you're writing.

The writer then takes the notes and turns them into full sentences.

So this is where the full sentences come in.

When we plan, when we write a plan, which of these do we use? A, full sentences, B, drawings, or C, notes.

When we write a plan, which of these do we use? A, B, or C? Pause the video and decide for yourself, now.

Welcome back, everyone.

So, when we write a plan, which of these do we use? Full sentences? Absolutely not.

A plan is not going to contain full sentences.

Drawings? Not really.

You might make a sketch of something, but it's going to take too long, and it's not an effective use of time.

Notes should be short, brief.

Therefore, notes is the correct answer.

When we're writing a plan, notes are what we use.

Well done if you said C.

Here's an example of some notes from a plan about bats.

Poor eyesight, and then there's a dash, adaptation, then in brackets, I've got the word, echolocation, to understand surroundings using sound waves.

Is that a full sentence? Absolutely not.

It almost doesn't make sense, but it's perfect as a note.

It doesn't need to make sense like a full sentence would.

All it's doing is making sure that the key information is there to guide me when I'm writing.

The writer can then take those notes and turn them into a full sentence.

For example, let's have a look at how those notes can be turned into a full sentence.

So, poor eyesight, adaptation, echolocation, to understand surroundings using sound waves, that can be turned into, "A bat's eyesight is very poor.

However, they use a clever adaptation called echolocation to understand their surroundings.

Echolocation involves a bat bouncing sound waves off objects to learn where they are." So you can see, every part of my note has been included in these full sentences.

I've actually written three full sentences.

So that one note, has contributed to three full sentences, and that's absolutely fine.

The note has guided me to ensure that I've been able to capture the key information and put it into full sentences for the reader.

Let's check our understanding.

Which notes helps the writer to write this sentence? So the sentence is, "Bats sleep during the day and are awake at night, which means they're called nocturnal animals." Which notes help the writer to write that sentence? Is it A, only mammal - can fly, B, sleep during day - awake at night = nocturnal, or C, fly - thin, leathery wings? Which note help the writer to write the sentence, "Bats sleep during the day and are awake at night, which means they're called nocturnal animals."? Is it A, B, or C? Pause the video and decide for yourself, now.

Welcome back, everyone.

Let's see if you were right.

So, A, only mammal - can fly.

Well, there's nothing in this sentence about mammals or flying, so it's not A.

B or C.

So, C, fly - thin, leathery wings.

There's nothing again about flying.

B, sleep during day - awake at night = nocturnal.

Bat sleep during the day and are awake at night, which means they are called nocturnal animals.

Perfect.

Well done if you said B.

B was the notes that I used to write that sentence.

Well done.

Time for a practise task.

I would like you to write at least four sets of notes about bats.

Use the words below to help you.

So, I've given you some words in a box, mammals, bones, wings, echolocation, sound waves, and habitat.

Your job is to let those words guide you to make at least four sets of notes.

They may be more, but four sets is what we are looking for as a minimum.

I've given you an example.

Sleep during day - awake at night = nocturnal.

That is an example, and you can use that for your own notes.

Over to you now.

I'd like you to pause the video and write your notes that will help you when you're writing section about bats.

Off you go.

And welcome back.

Okay, let's have a look at an example.

So only mammal - can fly.

That might be something you could use as a note.

It would help you to be able to write a sentence about bats being the only mammals that can fly.

Arm/hand bones in wing - helps to change direction.

Poor eyesight, echolocation, understand surroundings, sound waves.

And habitat in UK = trees, caves, old buildings, under bridges.

These are notes.

And they are notes that would support me when writing.

When writing a section about bats in a non-chronological report.

Well done today.

Let's summarise our learning.

A plan helps a writer to organise their ideas, thoughts, and the information they want to include in their writing.

Notes can be used in a plan to help organise key information, and are not written in full sentences.

Bats are nocturnal animals, which means they sleep during the day and are awake at night.

Bats have very poor eyesight, but use echolocation to help them navigate their way around.

Well done.

You have made a plan that will help you when writing a section about bats in non-chronological report.

Planning is such an important part of the writing process.

Well done today.

I will see you again very soon.