Lesson video

Hello, and welcome to today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Moss.

I love spelling, and I'm really looking forward to teaching you.

With you for today's lesson, you need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears, and your thinking brains, as well as that, something to write with and write on and someone to talk to would be great.

Let's get on with today's lesson then.

In today's lesson, we're going to be doubling the consonant and adding suffixes.

And the suffixes we're going to be adding are ING, ED, ER, EST and Y.

The outcome is I can spell words by doubling the consonant and adding the suffixes, ING, ED, ER, EST and Y.

Here are the key words for today's lesson.

My turn, your turn, and make sure I can hear you saying these back to me.

Suffix, root word, short vowel, consonant.

Good job.

A suffix is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word that creates a new word.

The root word is the base word onto which either a prefix or a suffix are added.

Short vowel sounds are vowel sounds that sound short when spoken: ah, eh, ih, o, uh.

And finally, a consonant is a sound that is made by blocking the air in the mouth through the use of the lips, tongue, teeth, or palette.

P, T, M, N are some examples of consonants.

And today we're going to be thinking about doubling those consonants before adding our suffixes to the ends of words.

Keep an ear and an eye out for these words in our learning today.

They're going to be very important.

Here then is the outline for today's lesson.

We are doubling the consonant and adding a variety of suffixes.

We are, first of all, going to look at doubling this consonant, and then we're gonna consider some exceptions to the rule that we are looking at.

Let's get on with doubling the consonant and adding some suffixes then.

A suffix, remember, is a letter or group of letters at the end of a word which creates a new word.

Let's look at some in action.

Here my suffix is Y.

My root word, that base word onto which I've added the suffix, is wind.

I've added a Y, and I've created the word windy.

Wind, windy.

Here I've got the root word, sun.

I want to add my Y suffix.

Something interesting is gonna happen to my root word here, though.

This is the new word I created, sunny, sunny.

Notice how the N has doubled.

Here I've got the word hot.

I want to create the word hottest by adding my EST suffix.

Have a look here.

Hottest.

And again, similar to sun becoming sunny, hot becoming hottest has doubled that T at the end, and then added my EST.

There are lots of different types of suffix.

Here are two examples, our Y and our EST.

There are different rules for what happens to that root word, that base word, when we add that suffix, and we're gonna be looking at some of those rules today.

Let's read some words.

My turn, your turn.

Running, skipped, bigger, hottest, funny, swimming, thinnest, sunny.

Hmm.

Have a look here for these words for me.

What do you notice about the endings to these words? Pause and just have a think.

Maybe say the words again.

Absolutely.

They end in a variety of suffixes.

I can see here my ING suffix, my ED suffix, my ER, my EST, and my Y suffix.

And I'm sure you've seen many of these suffixes before.

Remember, a suffix is a group of letters or a letter that comes at the end of a root word to create a new word.

You might also have noticed that all of these words have a double consonant before the suffix.

Remember, a consonant is that sound, that letter sound that is made by blocking the air in the mouth through the teeth, tongue palette, or roof of your mouth.

Here, in running, I've got that N.

That is a consonant.

In skip, I've got P, another consonant.

In big, I've got G, another consonant.

In hot, I've got T, in funny, I've got N, in swimming, I've got M, and in thinnest and sunny, I've got N.

They are all consonants.

You may really notice here that I've doubled the consonant before adding my suffixes ING, ED, ER, EST and Y.

When the root word contains a short vowel, ah, eh, ih, o, uh, and ends with a single consonant, the consonant is doubled before adding these suffixes: ING, ED, ER, EST and Y.

So my root word here is swim, swim.

Say that word for me, swim.

What's my short vowel there? It's the ih, ih.

What's my consonant there? It's an M.

So what I need to do before adding my ING suffix is double that M and then add it because it's a short vowel followed by a single consonant.

So swim becomes swimming with a double M, I-N-G.

Skip here.

Say that word for me, skip.

Skip, ih, ih.

Short vowel sound.

What's my consonant here? Skip, it's my P, p, p.

Skip.

So to create skipped, adding my ED suffix, I'm going to need to double that P and then add the ED because there was a short vowel before my single consonant.

Have a look here.

I've got the root word, wet.

I want to create the word wetter by adding my ER comparative suffix.

Hmm.

What do you think I'm going to have to do before adding my ER? Think about our rule.

When there's a short vowel and a single consonant, we double that consonant.

Pause the video, and see if you can work out how I would spell the word wetter.

Off you go.

Great.

Absolutely I'm gonna have to double that T, that consonant, because I've got a short vowel before it, and then add my suffix.

Have a look here.

I've got big.

I want to create my superlative adjective, biggest.

Hmm, ih, ih, short vowel, and then my G consonant.

I need to double my consonant and add my EST suffix.

So our rule here is when that root word contains a short vowel before a single consonant, we double that consonant before adding our suffix.

Here's another one, sun.

I want to make the word sunny.

Pause the video.

How do you think I'm going to spell it? Absolutely.

Sun, uh, uh, short vowel, followed by a single consonant, double that consonant and add your suffix Y to create sunny.

So which of these show the consonant being doubled when a suffix is added? Have a look at the root word, then have a look at the new word that we formed with the suffix added.

Where can you see the consonant having been doubled? Remember, has to be proceeded by that short vowel sound.

Why don't you have a read of these words? I'll read them to you first, just the root word.

We've got walk, thin, hill, big.

Where can you see the consonant being doubled before the suffix has been added? Pause the video and select the options now.

Well done.

So let's have a think.

Walk has become walked here.

I haven't needed to double my consonant there, have I? I can just see I've added my ED.

Thin has become thinnest, and I can see here I've got my ih, ih, short vowel sound and then followed by my N consonant, so I've had to double my N before adding my EST.

Hill has become hilly.

Now, you might have noticed the word hill already ended in a double consonant, a double L, so I haven't need to do anything there before adding my Y suffix.

And finally, big, ih, ih, short vowel followed by a G, my single consonant, so I've had to double that consonant before adding my ER suffix.

So thinnest and bigger both required you to double the consonant before adding the suffix.

Pause the video and see how you did.

As I said, interestingly, the root word, hill, already had a double consonant to start with, so we didn't need to do anything there before adding our Y suffix.

If you spot a short vowel sound in a word that has a suffix, that is a clue that the consonant may have been doubled.

So if you hear that short vowel sound in a word where you know it has had a suffix added to it already, then the consonant has probably been doubled.

It's a safe bet.

Short vowel sounds sound short when spoken, like A in cat or the O in hot.

Cat, ah, ah, hot, o, o.

These words contain short vowel sounds: stop, run, pat, sip.

o, uh, ah, ih, eh, are our short vowel sounds.

On the other hand, long vowel sounds sound long when spoken, and these words contain long vowels: rain, post, sleep, fight.

I can hear A, O, E, I.

They sound like the way you pronounce that letter.

You can stretch a word to help you identify the separate phonemes, and that can help you hear those vowel sounds.

Stop, s-t-o-p, stop.

I can hear that short o.

Rain, r-ay-n, rain.

I can hear that long A.

Which of these words have a short vowel sound? I'd like you to pause the video, say them and stretch them, and figure out which ones have short vowel sounds, ah, eh, ih, o, uh.

Pause the video.

Off you go.

Well done.

Love to see the stretching there and the bit of robot talking as well.

Let's have a go.

s-t- o-p, stop.

Stop.

Absolutely that's got a short o, o, sound in it, hasn't it? B, race, r-ay <v ->s, race.

</v> I can hear a long A vowel sound there, so that's the short vowel.

Next one, spoil, s-p <v ->oi-l,</v> spoil.

Oi, that's not a short vowel sound, is it there? Spoil.

And sit, s-i-t, sit, ih, ih, short vowel.

So that one is a short vowel.

Stop and sit both contain short vowel sounds.

The others do not.

Pause the video and see how you did.

So we're gonna have a go now at writing the new spellings when we add the suffix.

As you can see, I've got the root word, sit, and I want to add my ING suffix.

I've got the root word, hot, and I want to add my ER suffix.

I've got the root word, fun, and I want to add my Y suffix.

And I've got the root word, tap, okay, like a tap at the window, and I want to add my ED suffix.

Think about the rules we've been looking at, doubling that consonant after a short vowel sound.

And I'd like you to pause the video and have a go at spelling these words when adding our suffix to them to create a new word.

Pause the video.

Off you go.

Well done team.

So I want to create the word sitting.

I've seen it written like this.

Think about this.

Sitting, s-i-t, sit.

Short vowel followed by a single consonant.

I need to double my consonant before adding my ING suffix.

Hotter.

Again, h-o-o-t, hot.

Short vowel, o, o.

Double the consonant T, add ER.

Funny, uh, uh, then my single N, double that N, and then add your Y suffix.

And tapped.

Be careful with this one as well because that ED sounds like it's making a t sound there at the end, doesn't it? But it's an ED spelling.

So I've got tapped, or then another spelling there, which might actually be taped, that longer vowel spelling.

I'm looking for tapped, that short vowel, ah, ah, so I double my P and then add ED.

Well done.

Pause the video and see how you did.

Make any corrections now.

Onto then our next learning cycle.

We're going to be looking at exceptions to the rule that we've just been looking at.

The consonant isn't doubled if there are two consonant letters at the end of the root word.

Look at the word wind.

Say that word for me, wind.

It's a short ih, ih vowel in there, but look, I have an N and D, not a single consonant but two consonants, N and D, so when I come to add my suffix Y, I just add it.

Have a look here at the word rest.

I have an eh, eh sound, a short vowel sound, but I have an S and a T, two consonants at the end of the word.

And when I want to add my ED suffix, it then just becomes rested.

I just have to add the suffix.

Long becoming longest.

N and G, two consonants after that short o, o sound, so I just add my EST.

And cold.

Again, L and D, two consonants, so I just add my ER suffix, colder.

The letter X is never doubled when in a root word.

My root word here is box.

I want to add ER to become boxer.

I just add ER.

I don't double my X.

Mix become mixed.

I just add ED.

I don't need to double my X.

And my word box becoming boxing this time, with my ING suffix, I just add ING because it's ending in an X.

Mix becoming mixer.

Again, not doubling the X.

When the root word contains a short vowel and ends with a consonant, the consonant is doubled before adding the suffixes: ING, ED, ER, EST and Y.

This does not happen if the root word ends with two consonant letters or the letter at the end of the root word is an X.

When you are spelling a word with a short vowel and a suffix, try to think which rule you are following.

So choose the correct spelling in each sentence now.

The boxer was ready to fight.

Today is very windy outside.

I mixed the butter and eggs to make a cake.

Think about the rules we've looked at.

Pause the video, select the correct word now.

Good job.

The boxer was ready to fight.

It's ending in an X, my root word, before adding my ER suffix, so just adding ER.

Windy.

Today is very windy outside.

Wind.

I have a short vowel, but look, the root word, wind, ends in two consonants, so I just need to add my Y suffix.

I don't need to double anything.

And finally, I mixed the butter and eggs to make a cake.

Mix ends in an X.

What have we said? If our root word ends in an X, even if it's proceeded by short vowel sound, we just add ED, our suffix.

Pause the video and see how you did.

Onto then our final practise task.

I'd like you please to have a go at writing some words I'm going to say to you.

I want you to listen carefully, and I want you to think about whether they have a double consonant in them or not.

So I'd like you to have a go at writing the word funny, richer, bigger, and running.

So don't forget to stretch the sounds in them.

Funny, richer, bigger, running.

Remember to stretch the sounds, sound them out, count those sounds, write it, and then read and check.

So we've got funny, richer, bigger, running.

Funny, f-u <v ->n-ee.

</v> Sounds like my root word there would be fun, and I'm adding my Y suffix onto the end.

Think about what you would need, how you'd need to spell that word then.

So I'm gonna say the words one more time, and you're gonna have a go at writing them.

Give consideration to the rules that we've been generating today.

Funny, richer, bigger, running.

Pause the video.

Off you go.

Okay, really well done, everybody.

Saw some brilliant stretching, sounding out and considerations to the rules that we've been working on today.

So first word was funny.

Funny.

Let's think about this word.

The root word is fun, f-u-n, ending in just that N, isn't it? I think it's going to be my Y spelling at the end 'cause that's the suffix that we've been looking at.

So f-u-n.

Hmm.

Short vowel with just a single N in that root word, fun, so I need to double that consonant and then add my suffix Y.

So the correct spelling is F-U-N-N-Y.

The next word was richer.

Let's think about this.

I'm adding my ER suffix here, aren't I? Richer.

ER.

Hmm.

I don't think the word's going to change at all there, is it, that root word? Because I've got a short vowel, but I've got a C and an H.

It's two consonants preceding me adding my suffix, so the correct spelling will be the word rich, and just adding your ER suffix.

The next word was bigger.

Let's think about this, b-i-g, big.

Hmm.

I'm definitely gonna be adding my ER, aren't I, okay here, my comparative adjective to create a comparative adjective, my ER suffix? That root word, big, is just B-I-G, isn't it? Big.

And it's that short vowel with a single consonant after it, so I need to double that consonant and then add my suffix.

So the correct spelling is B-I-G-G-E-R.

And finally, we had the word running.

Our root word here is run, r-u-n, just with a single N, isn't it? Before adding my ING suffix then, I'm going to need to double the consonant and then add it.

So the correct spelling is R-U-N-N, double consonant, I-N-G.

Great job, everyone.

Pause the video, see how you did, make any corrections, share any successes.

Off you go.

So in today's lesson, we've been looking at doubling the consonant and adding suffixes: ING, ED, ER, EST and Y.

Remember, a suffix is a letter or group of letters at the end of a word which creates another word.

If the root word has a short vowel and a single consonant, the consonant letter is doubled when the suffix is added.

Remember, if the letter X is at the end of that root word, it's never doubled in words such as mixing, mixed or boxer.

And remember, if there's two consonant letters at the end of the word before a short vowel, then we just add the suffix as well.

There are some exceptions to our rule.

Great spelling today, everyone.

Keep up the great learning, and I'll see you again soon.