Lesson video

Hello.

Welcome to today's lesson.

You're going to be learning with me, Ms. Chu.

In this lesson today, we're going to be planning a section on the anglerfish's appearance.

Are you ready? If you are, let's get going.

Today's lesson outcome is I can plan the appearance section of a non-chronological report about anglerfish.

The keywords are here.

My turn.

Your turn.

Subject-specific vocabulary.

Specific vocabulary.

Well done.

You said that really well.

Plan.

And notes.

Great.

Subject-specific vocabulary is vocabulary used when writing about a particular subject.

A plan is a framework that writers create before they write a section or whole text.

Notes are written out of full sentences.

This is the lesson outline for today.

You're going to prepare to plan and then you're going to write the plan.

Let's start preparing.

Subject-specific vocabulary is words that are specifically related to the biology, ecosystem and anatomy of the anglerfish.

Have you heard of that word before? Well, biology is the scientific study of a life and living organisms. I always loved learning biology when I was at school.

Ecosystem is a community of living organisms in relation to the environment.

So it's all of the organisms living together.

Anatomy is the branch, it's part of biology, it's a group, subheading of biology that focuses on the structure, just the way the organism look like and the way they are built.

Let's have a look at which of these words are subject-specific.

We have fish, abyssal, ocean, deep, lump and lure.

So I need to think about which of these are specific to the biology, ecosystem and what was the last one? Anatomy of the anglerfish.

Now, I know that the word fish is too general, so I'm not gonna circle that, but abyssal is because that is related to where they live, the habitat.

So I'm going to circle that one.

Ocean is also a general word.

Deep, I could use deep in everyday language.

Lump, I could be talking about something else, not specifically about the anglerfish, but lure, I'm going to circle that, is specific because that's part of the anglerfish's body, it's part of its anatomy.

Okay, I feel confident now.

I think you can have a go.

Which of these words are subject-specific vocabulary to the anglerfish? So we have essay, esca, bioluminescence, biology, and we have sea.

Pause the video and think about which words are specific to the anglerfish's body or the way it lives.

Pause the video and think about which of these words are specific to the body of the anglerfish, perhaps how it hunts and maybe the habitat, where it lives.

Okay, so you should have said that the esca is part of the anglerfish's body because remember, that's the fleshy, if you don't know, it's the fleshy tip of the illicium, the long lure, okay? It's where the bioluminescence, so that's another word, that's where it emits light, that's where it has bioluminescence.

Essay, not specific to anglerfish because that's to do with writing.

Biology, it's too broad.

And sea, again, also too general.

Let's have a look at the anatomy and the appearance of anglerfish.

Now, anglerfish, if you have a look, they have rotund bodies.

That means round, very round.

Can you see? I've circled how round and rotund their bodies are and they have these expandable stomachs, so their stomachs can really expand.

Show me with your hands expanding.

So you've got small stomach and then expand your hands.

Go, go, go, go, go, go, expand them.

Yes.

This allows them to eat, consume, (instructor imitating crunching noise) that's another word for eat, consume, prey that's much bigger than themselves.

So if they're that small, they can actually eat something that big.

Pretty awesome.

However, that's not just the only thing that's cool about the anglerfish.

Their more iconic feature, that means the thing that stands out the most, is the bioluminescent lure that dangles from their heads like a glowing fishing rod.

Can you see in that picture it looks like a fishing rod and that light there looks like bait, doesn't it? So that bit there is the bioluminescent lure and that's also called the illicium.

Illicium, your turn.

Great, so the whole thing, the whole part, the long bit is the illicium.

The fleshy bit at the end is the esca and then bioluminescent is the light that it emits.

And what's the purpose of this? Well, it was designed through evolution.

It was designed to attract unsuspecting prey in the darkness of the ocean depths.

Look at how dark it is down there.

Now, the female anglerfish are actually much larger.

They're significantly larger than the males.

Here is a diagram of a female anglerfish and I wonder if you have got your beady eyes open.

Can you spot where the male anglerfish is? Have a good look now.

Can you see? It's somewhere in that picture.

Can see some of you have noticed.

Yes, that's the male anglerfish.

Look at the size of the male anglerfish.

In comparison to the female anglerfish.

A female anger fish can grow up to one metre long.

A metre is about the length of my arm, so here, up to the middle of my chest.

It's about this long, so they can grow up to a metre long.

However, a male anglerfish can only grow up to maximum 15 centimetres.

That's about 30 centimetres, so it can only grow up to about, that's the largest it can grow up to.

So you can see in this diagram that the female anglerfish is a lot bigger than the males.

And now can you see there, the male anglerfish has actually attached itself to the female anglerfish because that's how it feeds.

It doesn't have this really cool illicium, bioluminescent lure.

It doesn't have this part of its anatomy.

So what it has to do is it has to attach onto.

It's got really big nostrils.

Show me your nostrils.

It's got really big nostrils and it can sniff out, (instructor sniffing) smell where the female anglerfish are.

And then once it's found one, it attaches onto the female anglerfish and its sharp teeth embed itself into the female anglerfish.

And that's how it gets all of its nutrients but it doesn't need to hunt in the same way as the female anglerfish.

That's pretty cool.

True or false? Male anglerfish can grow up to one metre long.

Can the male anglerfish do this? Pause the video and have a think.

So this is false, isn't it? Because why? Females can grow up to one metre long or female anglerfish are smaller than male anglerfish.

Hmm.

Well, yes, it's the females that can grow up to one metre long, not the males.

And they are not smaller than the male anglerfish.

Female anglerfish often showcase, so on their bodies, they show very intricate and quite grotesque, grotesque means not very attractive, and fascinating physical adaptations that allow them to thrive in these harsh environments.

Their rough, scaled skin is often dark or mottled.

Can you see that? I've highlighted what mottled means.

Mottled is when it's all a bit patchy.

It doesn't look like a smooth, it doesn't look like one colour.

It's all kind of brownie and black and different colours.

It often is kind of in spots.

That's what mottled means.

And I wonder why they have this kind of skin.

Well again, it's to do with their survival.

So this helps them to camouflage effectively in the deep sea landscape.

As you can imagine, down there, it's really dark and you can't really see much.

So if your skin is dark and it has all these dark patches on it, then it helps you to blend in.

Which two are correct of female anglerfish? They are the same size as male anglerfish.

They have dark mottled skin.

They have brightly coloured skin.

Or they are significantly larger than males.

There are two there that are correct.

Pause the video and have a think about what they are.

Okay, get ready to point to the correct answers.

The first one is they have dark mottled skin and they are significantly larger than males.

In this task, I would like you to fill in the blanks with the words below.

Let's read the words together.

My turn.

Your turn.

Bioluminescent, attract, expandable, larger, camouflage, unique and mottled.

I'm going to read out this paragraph to you and I want you to think about which of these words would go well in those blanks.

Anglerfish display a mesmerizingly bizarre appearance with mm adaptations for deep sea life.

Interestingly, these creatures have rotund bodies with mm stomachs.

However, their most iconic feature is the mm lure, dangling from their heads like a glowing fishing rod, which is designed to mm prey.

The female anglerfish are significantly mm than the males and they have dark mm skin.

As a result, they can mm in the deep sea landscape.

Pause the video and have a go at putting in the different words and seeing which one of those fits the best.

Let's have a look, shall we? Anglerfish display a mesmerizingly bizarre appearance with unique adaptations for deep sea life.

Interestingly, these creatures have rotund bodies with expandable stomachs.

However, their most iconic feature is the bioluminescent lure dangling from their heads like a glowing fishing rod, which is designed to attract prey.

The female anglerfish are significantly larger than the males and they have dark mottled skin.

As a result, they can camouflage in the deep sea landscape.

Super job there.

Let's now move on to writing the plan.

When we write a plan, we write in notes.

We use notes.

Notes are concise.

That means it doesn't have unnecessary information and they capture key vocabulary and information.

What is the purpose of it? Well, the purpose of notes is to help the writer to organise information easily so that they can use them in the future.

We use bullet points when we note-take.

They look like this.

We've got subheading, then we've got our bullet point, notes, another bullet point and then our notes.

We use a subheading to organise our bullet points.

They are an important part of organising our notes.

If we didn't have the subheading, we wouldn't know what the notes were about.

So they help us to organise them.

What is in a plan? Bullet points for notes.

Full sentences with capital letters and full stops.

Subject-specific vocabulary.

Or unnecessary information.

What do you think? Pause the video and have a go.

Okay, let's have a look, shall we? Well, bullet points for notes are in a plan and subject-specific vocabulary.

Well done.

We do not need to write in full sentences with capital letters and full stops and we don't need unnecessary information.

Task B, writing the plan.

Part one of task B, write the first subheading: adaptations.

Then write three main facts about anglerfish adaptations.

Remember to spell adaptations correctly onto your plan.

With subject-specific vocabulary.

Use bullet points for each set of notes.

Make sure you underline your subheading adaptations and then have your bullet points one, two, three under each set of notes.

Remember to only include the main points about the anglerfish's adaptations.

Pause the video and have a go.

Shall we have a look at my notes? I've written adaptations and I've underlined it.

Then my first set of notes I've said is that they're mesmerizingly bizarre in appearance and they have pretty cool adaptations.

The second note is that they have rotund bodies with expandable stomachs.

Finally, I've said that their most iconic feature is the bioluminescent lure to attract prey.

Think those are pretty cool adaptations.

Part two of writing the plan.

You're going to write the second subheading: size.

Then write three main facts about anglerfish size using subject-specific vocabulary.

Use bullet points for each set of notes.

They look like this.

Your subheading, underline and then bullet point one, bullet point two and bullet point three.

Pause the video and have a go at writing some facts about the anglerfish size.

Let's look at my set of notes.

For size, I've said the females are significantly larger than the males.

Females are up to one metre long and males are maximum 15 centimetres, and they both have rough scaled skin that's dark and mottled for camouflage.

As well as writing facts, we need to include fronted adverbials in our plan.

They are an important linguistic device.

We have formal fronted adverbials, such as also, in addition to this and however.

We have viewpoint fronted adverbials, impressively, intriguingly and significantly.

And we have fronted adverbials of cause, as a result and as a consequence.

Now, each of those fronted adverbials serve a different purpose.

We use a formal fronted adverbial if we want to build upon another idea or if we want to contrast a previous idea.

We use viewpoint fronted adverbials if we want to introduce facts that could be interesting, curious, or significant or important.

And we use fronted adverbials of cause when we want to link a cause to an effect.

Part three of your task is you're going to copy into your blank table examples of the following.

You're going to choose three formal fronted adverbials, two viewpoint fronted adverbials, and one fronted adverbial of cause.

And don't worry if you don't remember all of them.

Here are some that you can copy into your blank table.

So just choose three of those, two of those and one of those.

Pause the video and do that now.

I've chosen for my formal fronted adverbial in addition to this because I might want to build upon another idea.

And furthermore, again, same purpose.

I might also want to contrast an idea, so I've put in however as well.

Might want to use that one.

And then I've chosen intriguingly and significantly because that's how I might want to start a fact.

And then as a result, just in case I want to link a cause to an effect.

To summarise, a plan is a framework that writers create before they begin to write the section or whole text.

A plan has subject-specific vocabulary related to the section.

Notes help the writer to organise information easily for writing in the future.

And bullet points are used in note-taking.

Did you enjoy planning a section about anglerfish appearance today? I hope you did.

I loved learning about the anglerfish's appearance and how they use that to help them to hunt and to live and thrive in their habitat.