Lesson video

Hello, and welcome to today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Martin, and I'm really looking forward to teaching you today.

With you today, you need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears, and your thinking brains.

As well as that, something to write with and write on, and someone or something to talk to you would also be excellent.

Right, let's waste no time and get straight into today's spelling lesson.

In this spelling lesson, we're going to be forming plural nouns, using the suffix S and IES.

The outcome will be, I can apply spelling rules to spell plurals, or plural nouns that end in the suffix S and IES.

Here are the key words for today's learning.

My turn, your turn.

Make sure I can hear you saying these back to me.

Suffix.

Noun.

Singular.

Plural.

Root word.

Okay, let's have a chat about what these mean then.

A suffix is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a root word to create another word.

So we are going to be adding the suffix, S or IES today.

A noun is a naming word for people, places, and things.

And we're going to be looking at common nouns today and adding suffixes to them.

We're going to be looking at singular nouns.

A singular means only one, and we're going to be adding suffixes to create plural, meaning more than one of something.

And finally, a root word is the base word from which other words are formed, often by adding prefixes or suffixes.

So today, we are going to be taking singular nouns as our root words, and we're going to be adding suffixes to them to create plural nouns.

The outline is only two learning cycles.

We'll have a go at creating plurals with S and IES and revise and review some rules around the adding those suffixes.

I'm sure you'll recognise some of these rules already, from when you've added other suffixes.

And then we're gonna practise and apply the spellings we've been looking at and really see if you've been paying attention to those rules.

So let's get on with creating plural with S and IES then.

So common nouns name people, places, and things.

They do not need a capital letter unless they are at the start of a sentence, as they are not proper nouns like the name of a person, for instance, which is a proper noun.

Common nouns can be singular, so one of them, or plural, more than one of them.

Both single and singular mean only one.

If a noun is plural, this means there is more than one.

So a suffix is a letter or group of letters that we add to the end of a word to create another word.

Suffixes can change the word's tense or word class and really interestingly, and this is what we're concentrating on today, they can also turn singular nouns, so one of something, into plural nouns, more than one of that thing.

Let's have a look at some examples of suffixes that do this.

The word house for instance, I live in a house.

I live in houses.

Now not just one house, but more than one house, plural.

We've added that S suffix.

Church becomes churches.

I visited the church, singular.

I visited many churches, plural.

We've added our ES suffix.

And then here we have the root word baby.

To turn that into a plural, look what happens.

Oh, the Y's disappeared.

And we've added an IES to create babies, our plural of baby.

There are different rules for how the root word changes when the suffixes S and ES are added to words to create plurals.

We're going to be reviewing these today.

So the spelling of a noun usually changes if it is plural.

Sometimes we can just add the suffix S to the root word without changing it, and it will become plural.

For instance, girl will become girls.

Word becomes words.

Tree becomes trees.

In these instances, to create the plural noun, we just add S.

These root words often end in a consonant.

So a sound made by the blocking of the air in the mouth with the teeth, tongue, lips or palette.

And we can see here, girl ends in an L and word ends in a D, both consonants, we just add S.

Or the vowels, A, E, I and U.

For instance, tree, which ends in that E.

So we just add an S.

What will the spelling of these words be when the suffix S is added then? Think carefully about the rule that we just looked at.

Turn house, umbrella and balloon into plurals.

Off you go.

Great job, team.

So remember, the spelling of the root word here helps us to spell the new word.

Sometimes adding S changes the pronunciation as well.

So watch out for that.

Like house becoming houses.

Be careful.

So in all of these instances, house becoming houses, umbrella becoming umbrellas and balloon becoming balloons, all plural, we just have to add an S.

We're just adding an S here because they're either ending in a consonant or they're ending in either the vowel, A, E, I, and U.

This rule is the same for nouns ending in a vowel and a Y or a vowel digraph.

We can just add the suffix S to create the plural without changing it.

So boy, for instance, O and Y, working here together in a vowel digraph becomes boys.

Ray, like the ray of sunshine, becomes rays, rays of light, plural.

Monkey, the E and the Y there working as a vowed digraph to make that E sound, monkey.

Monkeys plural.

So here we can keep the Y and just add an S.

And this, or in these root words, they're ending in a vowel digraph.

So that Y is working with the vowel letter before to create the sound.

Two letters making a single vowel sound.

Boy, O and Y, we're making that O.

Ray, A and Y, making that A.

Monkey, E and Y, making that E.

So we can just add an S here.

So what will the spelling of these words be when the suffix S is added? We have journey, toy and holiday.

Turn these into plurals for me.

Off you go, team.

Brilliant.

Well, they're all ending in a Y, aren't they? And that Y's part of a vowel digraph, in each instance it's preceded by a vowel letter.

So journey, E and Y, making that E sound.

Remember the spelling of the root word is going to help us here, so journeys.

Toy, again, O and Y, making that O vowel digraph, just add an S.

And holiday, AY, A and Y, What make that vowel digraph.

So in this instance, we just keep the Y and then add our S.

But this is not the case for all words that end in a Y.

When the root word ends in a consonant letter and a Y, the Y is replaced with an I before adding ES.

So city, we have the Y proceeded by a T, so it has a consonant letter, then a Y, becomes cities.

Party and fly, as in the fruit fly, that flies around and bothers you.

So in these instances, we need to remove the Y and then add IES because it's a consonant, then a Y.

So cities, whoosh, remove the Y, add IES.

Parties, plural, remove the Y, add IES.

Flies like the flies flying around, remove the Y and add IES.

In these root words that Y is making either an E or an I sound and it has a consonant coming before it.

So what will the spelling of these words be when the suffix S is added to create a plural? Think carefully.

How will I spell families, puppies, stories? They end in a Y, but what is coming before that Y? Think carefully.

Off you go.

Brilliant job.

So remember, looking carefully at the spelling of that root word is going to help us to spell our plural new word.

So family, is that E sound with a Y, but that Y has a consonant letter before it.

So I have to whoosh, remove the Y, add IES.

And it's the same for puppies and the same for story.

Before my Y in puppy, I have a P, a consonant letter.

So I need to remove the Y and add IES.

And before my Y in story, I have that R, don't I? Remove the Y, add IES to create my plural nouns.

Here we have to remove the Y and add IES.

So I want you to really think carefully now.

Our root words here, all end in a Y, but what were our rules? Select the correct spelling of each plural noun.

Off you go team.

Great job.

So the babies were playing together on the mat.

This is the plural of baby.

So more than one baby.

Our root word is baby.

Oh, that's that E, but with a Y and there's a B before it.

So there's a consonant letter and a Y.

So I need to whoosh, remove the Y and add IES.

If you go to the zoo, you can visit the monkeys.

Now my root word here is monkey.

It has that KEY in it doesn't say and it's that EY vowel digraph.

So it's working together as a vowel letter before my Y, so I can just add an S.

I don't need to do anything to the Y.

And then today, the sun's rays, plural, are dangerously hot.

Oh, AY, that's a vowel digraph isn't it? So again, I can just keep the Y and add an S.

Great.

Remember our rules here.

If it's part of a vowel digraph, you can just add an S.

But if it's a consonant letter before the Y, remove the Y and add IES.

So we've looked at two rules so far, just adding S, and removing the Y and adding IES.

And we can put these into two groups, can't we? We can have, when our root word ends in a consonant or an A, an E, an I and a U, we can just add our S.

Or if it is part of a vowel digraph ending in a Y, we can just add an S.

And then we have to remove the Y if we have a consonant letter, then a Y.

whoosh, remove it, and then add IES to create our plural nouns.

So if our root word ends in consonant and vowels, we can just add an S.

If our root word ends in a vowel digraph, a vowel letter and a Y, we can just add an S.

And if our root word ends in a consonant and a Y, and it's that Y making an E or an I sound, then we need to remove the Y and add IES.

So read the word pairs below.

The singular, then plural nouns.

Which rules have been used? Just adding an S, removing a Y and adding IES, or keeping the Y and adding an S.

And why has that rule been used? Match them.

Off you go.

Brilliant job, team.

So boy and boys.

Well, it's a vowel digraph, isn't it? So we can keep the Y and just add an S.

Castle or castle to become plural.

Castles or castles.

Well, that's just ending in an E, isn't it? That vowel E, so we can just just add an S.

And party.

Hmm, that's that T, and then a Y.

So it's a consonant letter, then a Y.

So I need to whoosh, remove the Y and then add IES.

Great job, team.

So for our practise task now I'd like you to write the plural of these nouns into the correct column to show the rule that's been used.

Have you just added an S? Have you kept the Y and add an S? Or have you had to remove the Y and add IES.

Here are the root words now.

Turn these singular nouns into plural nouns and put them in the correct columns.

Off you go, team.

Brilliant job.

Excellent, I'm really impressed.

You've clearly been paying so much attention to the rules of adding these plural suffixes.

So I'm hoping you've managed to sort them like this.

Chair, school, pizza and camera, all either ended in just a vowel or a consonant.

So we could just add an S.

With the words day, monkey, essay and valley, they were all part of vowel digraphs, so we could keep the Y, and add an S.

And lady, daisy, fairy and country all were Y, but preceded by that consonant letter.

So we had to remove the Y and add IES.

Great job.

Check now.

Did you manage to sort these words correctly? And did you manage to spell the plurals correctly as well? Check, off you go.

Onto then our final learning cycle, which is going to be practise and applying the spellings we've looked at.

I really hope you've been paying attention as knowing the rules that we've looked at is really going to help you.

So let's read some curriculum words first.

My turn, your turn.

Harass.

If you harass someone, you bother or pester them and won't leave them alone.

It's quite often unwanted attention that someone doesn't want.

Recommend.

Can you give me a book recommendation? If you recommend something to someone, you're suggesting something that you think they might like.

So look at these words again.

Do you notice anything interesting or maybe tricky about the way that they're spelt? Say them again and look carefully at their spelling.

Off you go, Brilliant job.

It's really helpful to look carefully at tricky spellings like these curriculum words, which are going to appear a lot in our reading and writing.

So it's really important we're confident with them.

So I've noticed in harass it can be a little bit tricky.

Actually in both spellings, harass and recommend, it can be hard to remember which consonants are single and which are doubled.

So the single R can be confused with a double R sometimes.

It's not the same as the double R in embarrass.

It's a single R and a double S.

In recommend it's a single C and a double M.

So be careful.

Let's take a snapshot of these now because I'm gonna test you on them in just a moment.

Harass, recommend.

So remember.

Remember the single and the double consonant letters, which of these are spelled correctly? Point now to the correct spelling of harass.

Off you go.

Great.

So it's a single R and a double S, harass, not like embarrass.

So this is our correct spelling.

Remember that means to bother or pester someone or something.

Point now to the correct spelling of recommend.

Off you go.

Great job.

So it's a single C, isn't it, and a double M.

Recommend.

Great.

So we now are going to practise spelling words with the plural patterns that we've been looking at so far in this lesson.

Remember what these patterns are.

Just adding an S, if the root word ends in consonants and vowels.

Just adding an S as well if our root word ends in a vowel digraph.

And removing the Y and adding IES if our root word ends in a consonant and a Y, and that Y is making E or an I sound.

So I want you to remember all of those rules now and choose the correct spellings in each sentence.

Remember to look out carefully for the root word.

Consider how it's spelled, how it ends, and that'll inform you as to how to spell the plural.

Off you go, Great job, team.

Do you believe in fairies? So our root word here is fairy, isn't it? It's that R and then a Y.

I need to whoosh, remove the Y and add IES because it's a consonant then a Y.

It's not a vowel digraph.

Both cameras took fantastic pictures.

Our root word here is camera, singular.

Ending in an A, so I can just add an S.

How many days are there until the end of term? That's part of a vowel digraph, isn't it? A and Y working together to make that sound A.

So I can just add an S.

And different fruit grow in different countries.

Country.

Oh, it's that RY again, isn't it? Our root word country.

So it's a consonant and a Y.

So I need to whoosh, remove the Y and add IES to spell our plural countries.

Great.

So we now are going to have a go at spelling some plural nouns.

I'd like you to remember to sound out the word, think of the root word.

Remember those spelling rules that we've looked at for turning singular nouns into plural nouns, and read your word and check back.

So the first word is donkeys.

The donkeys walked across the field.

Donkeys, plural, they're all plural nouns.

Two, puppies.

The puppies were very cute.

Three, umbrellas.

We all put our umbrellas up.

Number four, castles or castles.

And number five, cherries.

I ate a very tasty punnet of cherries.

So donkeys, puppies, umbrellas, castles or castles, and cherries.

Off you go, team.

Have a go at writing those plural nouns.

Incredible work.

I am so, so impressed.

I'm seeing children really, really, really working hard at remembering these rules and spelling their plural pronouns correctly.

I love seeing children really carefully considering the root word as well.

Great job, team.

So let's see how you've done.

Donkeys.

Our root word here is donkey.

It's that vowel digraph EY, that strange EY spelling like in the word monkey as well, or the word key itself, like the key for a door.

So it's EY working together as a vowel digraph.

So we just add an S here.

Great.

Puppies on the other hand is different.

Our root word is puppy and it's that Y making that E sound.

But it's proceeded by a consonant letter.

So I need to whoosh, remove the Y and add IES to create the plural, puppies.

Remember that double P as well.

Umbrellas.

Okay, umbrella.

Our singular here just ends in an A, doesn't it? It's not very clear it's an A.

It's umbrella, but it is an A at the end.

Because it ends in an A we can just add an S.

Watch out here for the double L as well.

And then we have castles or castles, depending on pronunciation.

Again, this ends in an LE, doesn't it? That L, spelled LE, because it ends in an E.

We can just add an S.

And finally, cherries, plural.

Singular is cherry.

Cherry, and that's that EY spelled with a Y, but it's preceded by a consonant letter, an R, a double R in fact.

So we can whoosh, remove the Y and add IES, cherries.

Great job, team.

I'm really impressed.

Can you check and see how you did and share your learning with me now.

Make any corrections and share any magical mistakes? Off you go.

Okay, really impressive work in spelling today team.

We've been looking at forming plural nouns using the suffixes S and IES.

Adding S and ES to a noun creates a plural.

If the root word ends in a consonant and a Y, then the Y is removed and an I is added before our ES suffix, you add IES.

If the root word ends in a vowel digraph including a Y, then we can just add an S.

Most nouns, we just add an S if they're singular, to create that plural noun, including those ending with a consonant or a vowel.

Great job, team.

Keep up the great spelling, keep up the great practise and I'll see you again soon.