Multicellular organisms grow by increasing the number of cells they have; this involves cell division.

An organism that consists of only one cell.

The process by which cells replicate to produce two genetically identical cells.

Growth in multicellular organisms

Combined science

Pupils will learn about unspecialised cells in animals and plants, how they become specialised, and potential benefits and issues with using stem cells in medicine. 

Pupils learned about dominant and recessive alleles, and how to use models of single gene inheritance to make predictions about the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring.

Cell division: mitosis and meiosis

The process by which cells divide; this involves a specific set of phases.

A type of cell division that produces genetically identical cells.

A sub-cellular structure that contains the genetic material (DNA); controls the cell activities.

Tightly coiled strands of DNA that carry the genetic material.

The cell cycle and cell division: mitosis (including PMAT) 

A type of microscope that uses visible light and a system of lenses to generate magnified images of small objects.

A piece of glass or other transparent material with curved sides, used in a microscope to magnify objects.

Making small objects appear larger in order to see more detail.

A point where light rays converge to form an image with clarity.

Observing mitosis in plant cells using a light microscope (including PMAT)

A polymer with a double helix structure that carries the genetic information.

Bases form pairs with one other base: A pairs with T, and C pairs with G.

The structure of DNA: including nucleotides

Short sections of DNA that code for a specific characteristic or protein.

A mass of cells that has been produced through uncontrolled cell division.

A tumour that is non-cancerous and contained to one area. 

A tumour that is cancerous and can spread.

Errors in cell division and cancer: basics

A type of reproduction that combines the genetic material of two organisms to produce genetically different offspring.

An organism's sex cells that contain half the number of chromosomes.

A type of cell division that forms the gametes.

Highly coiled strands of DNA found inside the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.

A cell with half the number of chromosomes.

Cell division: mitosis and meiosis

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