Lesson video

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Hello everybody, welcome to today's lesson.

My name is Mrs. Richards.

And in this lesson, we are exploring prefixes.

It's going to be really interesting.

So let's get started.

Today, we're going to explore key vocabulary, investigate and generate rules and set spelling words.

In this lesson, you will need a piece of paper and a pencil and definitely your brain.

So pause the video and go and get the things you need now.

So let's look at the key vocabulary which we need to use today.

There are two key times we're going to explore, my turn, your turn.

Prefix, prefix, make sure you're joining in.

A prefix is a group of letters at the beginning of a word that change its meaning.

Root, root, well done.

A root is the most basic version of a word onto which the prefix is attached.

Do you remember our terms? Have a look at these definitions.

Which term meant a group of letters at the beginning of a word that change its meaning? Yes, prefix well done.

Which term meant the most basic form of a word onto which the prefix is attached? Yeah, root, well done.

Okay, here's the interesting thing about that term prefix.

We can break down this word prefix and it helps us to remember what a prefix means and what it does.

So let's explode our word prefix.

Prefix is made up of a prefix pre and a root fix, yeah.

Prefix has a pre fix as part of the word.

So prefix means to come before.

And this comes from Latin.

Fix is our root word and that means to attach and also comes from Latin.

So prefix is when we attach something before at the beginning of a word.

So in today's lesson, we're going to look at prefixes in more detail.

The prefix itself has meaning, and it also changes the meaning of the words that we're going to look.

So, let's investigate and start to generate some rules together.

What do these words mean? I'm going to say the words out loud then I want you to pause the video, tell the screen what the words mean and think about how a prefix might change the meaning of these words.

The first word is friendly.

My next door neighbour is very friendly.

The second word is usual.

It is usual to have breakfast in the morning.

Pause the video and answer those two questions now.

Okay, so friendly means kind and usual means something that is normal.

So let's explore what happens when we add a prefix at the beginning of these words.

So here are terms again, friendly and usual, and here's the prefix we're going to add.

We are going to explore adding the prefix un, which means not, let's look at what happens.

Friendly becomes unfriendly and the meaning changes from kind to not kind.

Usual becomes unusual.

And the meaning changes from normal to not normal.

The prefix is un meaning, not.

Okay, let's have a look at two new words.

I'm going to tell you the words, then I want you to pause, tell the screen, what do the words mean and think about how a prefix might change the meaning of these words.

Sense, your sentence has to make sense.

Fiction, I love reading fiction books, pause.

Okay, so sense means something that is sensible, it has meaning and fiction is a made up or an imaginative story.

Let's explore what happens when we add a prefix to the beginning of these words.

Here are our words, we're going to add the prefix, non, meaning not.

So far, we've had a prefix meaning not but that wasn't non, that was un.

Here's a different prefix, which also means not.

So, here we're changing the word sense to nonsense and the meaning changes from sensible to not sensible something which does not have meaning.

Fiction changes to non-fiction and the meaning changes from made up to not made up.

Here's our prefix non, meaning not.

Have a careful look here.

Sometimes you might see the word non-fiction written with a hyphen, that small dash in between the prefix and the root word.

Today, we're going to use non-fiction without the dash.

It doesn't have to be there, but just that, you know, you might sometimes see it written that way.

So what have we discovered so far? A prefix remember was a group of letters that joined the beginning of the word and it changes meaning.

And we've looked at two prefixes, non meaning not and un meaning not.

Okay, let's keep going, two new words.

I'm going to read the words to you.

Then I want you to pause and tell the screen, what do the words mean and how might a prefix change the meaning of these words? Appear, a ghost can appear.

Honest, it's important to be honest.

Pause, how did you get on? Appear means be visible and honest means someone who's trustworthy.

So we're going to explore adding a prefix to the beginning of these words.

And the prefix we're going to look at is, dis, meaning any guess? Not, so appear becomes disappear.

And the meaning changes from visible to not visible.

Honest becomes dishonest.

And the meaning changes from trustworthy to not trustworthy.

Here's our prefix, dis meaning not.

Okay, show me what you've learnt so far.

Can you point to the prefix on the screen that means not? Okay, it was a bit of a trick.

How many prefixes did you point to? Three, let's have a look.

Un means not, non means not.

And yeah, dis also means not.

So this can be tricky.

How do we decide which prefix to use? How do we know if we want to change the meaning of the word to make it it's opposite then how do I know whether to use dis or non or un? Here's how, we have to think about what sounds right.

And this can be really tricky.

What helps is to read as much as you can, because by reading lots and lots, we get a good sense of what sounds right and what doesn't.

Let's look at some examples together.

Okay, let's explore.

Here's my root word, agree.

I agree with what you've said.

How about if I want to say, I don't agree.

I need a prefix, which means not.

We're going to practise saying aloud each prefix before the word agree and listen to which one sounds right.

So could it be disagree, non agree or un agree? What sounds right? Yeah, I think you're right, disagree.

Disagree means to not agree.

Let's have a go at another one.

Pleasant, dis pleasant, non pleasant, unpleasant.

My afternoon was not pleasant.

Which prefix do I use? Yeah, you're right, unpleasant.

My afternoon was unpleasant, it wasn't enjoyable.

Let's have a go at another one.

The word is stick.

You try this time.

Can you put each prefix in front of the word and listen to which one sounds right, off you go.

Good try, could it be distick, nonstick or unstick? Nonstick, nonstick means something which does not stick.

I have a nonstick frying pan, the food doesn't stick.

Okay, I'm going to read the sentence aloud to you.

And I want you to choose which of the terms at the bottom should go into each gap.

A is a group of letters that we can add to the beginning of a word, pause.

Say the sentence aloud with the correct terms in each gap.

Okay, a prefix is a group of letters that we can add to the beginning of a root word.

Next sentence, a has meaning, it changes the meaning of the word.

Can you decide, where can we put the term prefix and where can we put the term root? Pause the video and say the full sentence aloud.

Okay, a prefix has meaning, it changes the meaning of the root word.

Let's have a look at one more prefix in today's lesson.

Just as before, I'm going to tell you the words, and then I want you to work out what the words mean and how a prefix might change the meaning of these words.

Behave, it is important to behave properly at school.

Calculate, you must calculate the correct answer.

Pause the video.

How did it get on? Behave meant to act properly and calculate it means to work out the answer mathematically.

Let's explore what happens now, when we add a prefix to the beginning of these words.

Here's the prefix that we're going to add.

The prefix is mis, meaning wrongly.

It's another prefix, which changes the meaning of the word to make it negative.

But it's slightly different to the ones before, which meant not, let's see what happens here.

Behave becomes misbehave and the meaning changes to act wrongly, calculate becomes, miscalculate and the meaning changes to work out mathematically the wrong answer.

Our prefix is mis.

Try these, our two new words, place and spell.

Could you add that same prefix mis to the front of these words and work out their new meaning? Let's do it together.

So place means to put something somewhere.

Spell means to use the correct letters, to write a word, what we're doing together now.

When we add the prefix mis, this is what happens.

Place becomes misplace to put something in the wrong place and not be able to find it.

I often misplace my keys.

Spell becomes misspell, to spell something wrongly.

We all misspell words sometimes.

Look closely at that word, misspell, do you see how now it has a double S? The S from the prefix mis and the S from the beginning of the word spell.

Okay, let's set our spelling words.

These are the words which you're going to practise as much as you can at home.

And then we're going to have a test to see how you go.

Here's word number one, nonsense.

You are speaking nonsense.