Lesson video

Hello everyone, it is Mrs. Hardisty here again today for your English lesson.

I have been so embraced how hard you have been working.

And today we are going to be doing lots of work on different types of sentences.

So, when you are ready, let's start our lesson.

This is what we're going to do in our lesson for today, we are looking at all sorts of different sorts of sentences.

So we're going to start with simple compound sentences, and then we're going to do complex sentences.

You're going to improve some of my sentences, and then you're going to write your own.

So for today's lesson, you will need paper and pencil.

So please make sure you have those things ready to hand before you start our lesson.

Let's begin.

We're going to start by looking at clauses because looking at clauses and helps us understand, everything else about sentences.

So do you know what a clause is? What is a clause? And now I'm not thinking about Santa Claus.

I'm thinking what is a clause, when we're doing our writing? So a clause is a group of words containing a verb.

Now let's remind ourself what a verb is.

A verb is a doing or a being word.

If you do it, or you heard it, then the verb is a word.

And so a clause always contains a verb.

Let's look at these examples and see if we can spot which one is the clause.

So is it, in the hive or bees rapidly flap their wings? Which one has the verb in, the doing or the being word? Can you point to which one it is, in three, two, one.

Is this one bees rapidly flap their wings because it contains the word flap.

Right, what about here? We've got, they suck the nectar with their long tongue or the scented colourful flowers.

Which one contains a verb, a doing or being word? Which one is the clause? Can you point to which one it is, in three, two, one.

Is this one, they suck the nectar with that on the tongue, because can you call it out to me, which one is the verb? It sucks, isn't it? Okay, what about here? They are attracted to blue purple and pink flowers or in the scented fields.

Which one is the close? Which one contains the verb? Can you point to it, which one is it, in three, two, one go.

It's this one, and what was the verb? So we've got, they are attracted.

And this combination of having are or is and a verb is something that we will be using in some of our writing when we write our own explanation texts in the next few lessons.

So, a simple sentence contains one main clause.

Can you remember what the main clause is? So clause contains a verb and a main clause makes sense on its own.

So here's Mr. Maine.

He is a main clause and he makes sense on it's own or by himself.

So here are some examples.

They suck the nectar with their long tongue.

Make sense by itself.

The bees are attracted to blue, purple and pink flowers.

Again, make sense by itself.

The bees rapidly flap their wings.

A simple sentence can often be quite short because it just contains this main clause.

Okay, so we know what a simple sentence is, it contains the main clause.

So what is a compound sentence? So compound sentence has two main clauses, two of them.

And so we need to join these two main clauses together to make one compound sentence.

So I've got two main clause examples here, and I want to join them up to make a compound sentence.

The insect search for scented colourful flowers.

They suck the nectar with their long tongue.

So I need a word to join these two main clauses together.

And these words that we use to join, are called co-ordinating conjunctions.

So we try that together my turn, your turn.

Co-ordinating conjunctions, well done.

And they join two main clauses together.

And the main three that we're going to use are, but, or, and.

And you can see my little co-ordinating conjunction, BOA snake here.

And the reason why we've got him is because we've got B for but, O for or, and A for and.

So it's a way of reminding ourselves of those three co-ordinating conjunctions, but, or, and.

So I've had to go and I've tried one.

And can you tell me thumbs up, thumbs down, if you think I've picked the right co-ordinating conjunction for my sentence.

The insects search for scented colourful flowers, but they suck the nectar with their long tongue.

Show me with your thumbs, have I chosen the right co-ordinating conjunction? I don't think that makes sense because you're kind of saying that different things and that doesn't make sense.

What about this one? The insect search for scented colourful flowers, and they suck the nectar with their long tongue.

Show me with your thumbs, if you think I've chosen the right co-ordinating conjunction.

I agree, yeah.

That's the one that would join my main clauses together to form a compound sentence, and it all makes sense.

So, now I'd like you to look at my sentence at the top of the screen and choose whether you think it's a simple sentence or a compound sentence.

So does it have one main clause or does it have two main clauses join together? Let's read.

Bees have very good colour vision.

Simple or compound? Show me, which one is it? It's simple, it's just got one main clause, there's no coordinating conjunctions.

And what about here? So honey has become thicker, but it is still too watery.

Is that simple or compound? Show me it's compound, isn't it? It's got two main clauses.

The honey has become thicker, it is still too watery and it's been joined with the co-ordinating conjunction but.

Did you notice also that it has a comma before but.

We always need to remember to use a comma before we use the word but.

So we thought about simple sentences and compound sentences, and now we're going to explore them a bit further.

So can you remember what a complex sentence is? Complex sentence has a main clause and a subordinate clause.

So it has both of them and sometimes the subordinate clause can come first and sometimes the subordinate clause can come second.

So here's an example of a complex sentence.

It starts with a subordinate clause.

When the nectar reaches a crop stomach, and that doesn't make sense by itself, you're waiting for more.

And then we have our main close, the enzyme start to break it down.

And you can see that I've got a comma after my subordinate clause.

Because I've started with my subordinate clause, and so I've got a comment after it, before I write my main clause.

Now you could have them the other way around.

In which case they'll read like this, the enzymes start to break the nectar down when it reaches the stomach.

And then you don't need a comma.

Let's look at some more.

So here I've started with my main clause.

The hive warms up as they flap their wings.

And so as they flap their wings as my subordinate clause, but I could swap them around.

And so I could start with that as they flap their wings, the hive warms up.

A lot of our subordinate clauses start with when or as.

So I've got three different sentences here, and I'd like you to tell me which one is this simple? Which one is the compound? And which one is the complex? So we've got the sentence.

As the bees pass the honey to each other, it becomes thicker and thicker.

Number two, the industrious insects, leave the hive and search for nectar.

And then number three, finally, the honeycomb is sealed with a wax cap.

You might want to think about this.

You might want to write it down.

So number one, was it simple compound complex? Number two, and number three.

Pause the video now and choose what type of sentence each one is.

Great work everyone let's have a look.

So, our simple sentence was, finally, the honeycomb cell is sealed with a wax cap.

It's just got the main clause.

Our compound sentence has the word and in it, a coordinating conjunction and it's got two main clauses.

The industrious insects leave the hive and search for nectar, which means number one was a complex sentence.

As the bees passed the honey to each other, it becomes thicker and thicker.

Now you'll gain to improve my sentence.

So I've got a simple sentence and I would like you to expand it, by adding co-ordinating conjunction and an extra main clause.

So I've got, the worker bee leaves the hive.

Can you now pause the video and extend that sentence, improve it by turning it into a compound sentence with but, or, or and.

The worker bee leaves a hive and, or the work could be believes the hive but.

I don't think you would use a word or, to extend the sentence.

Pause the video and write your own.

Great first try, here's what I thought you could do.

You may have done something similar, you might have done something different.

So I've extended mine by writing this, the worker bee leaves the hive and diligently searches for scented flowers.

Okay, what about this one? The insect sucks up the sweet, transparent nectar with its long tongue.

Can you now, again, pause the video and extend it with an and, or, but to make it into a compound sentence.

Pause the video off you go.

Super work, let's look at my example and you can check against yours and see if you've done something similar.

The insects suck up the sweet, transparent nectar with its long tongue, but it has to visit many flowers to fill it stomach up completely.

This time I've joined using the word but, and can you see, I've remembered to do that comma before and.

Okay, that's fine.

The honeycomb cell needs to be sealed.

That's my simple sentence.

Can you extend it with, but, or, and to turn it into a compound sentence.

Pause the video and improve mine.

Great work, let's see what I did.

The honeycomb cell needs to be sealed, or the honey will not be protected.

You might have extended it with a different way with a different co-ordinating conjunction.

If you've used the word or, remember you need to have add a comma before it just like we do for but.

We don't need to use a comma when we extend using the word and.

All right, so now I started off a sentence and I'd like you to finish it.

And this sentence has to be a complex sentence.

So it has to have a main clause and a subordinate clause.

I've started it off with a subordinate clause.

So I started with, when the bee arrives back at the hive, you might want to use the picture to help you.

Can you finish that sentence off with a main clause? So when the bee arrives back at the hive, what does the bee do? what does it do? So pause the video and write your own complex sentence, starting with my subordinate clause, pause the video.

Fantastic, first try of a complex sentence.

Let's see how I would do it.

And you can look at your own and see how similar they are.

So I've written when the bee arrives back at the hive, it regurgitates the honey into the mouth of another insect.

That comment is really important.

If you've got a subordinate clause, at the start of your sentence, this is breaking it up from the main clause.

So if you start your sentence with a subordinate clause, if you start it with a clause that starts with when, or as you need to remember that comma.

Hmm, so now I've started with the main clause.

The honeycomb cells need to be sealed.

Can you extend it into a complex sentence, like even start to do off this time with the word because? So can you extend that into a full complex sentence? Can you finish it off for me? The honeycomb cells need to be sealed because--- Pause the video and write your own example now.

Well done, I hope you remembered to put that comma before because, let's have a look what I did.

So I wrote the honeycomb cells need to be sealed, because the honey inside needs to be protected.

Right, you have improved my sentences and now it's your turn to write your own.

So your main task for today is to write three compound sentences using either and, or, but.

And then to write three complex sentences using when, as, because.

I've given some examples here to help you get started, if you would like with your complex sentences.

So I've got when the bee lands on a flower, as the enzymes work, because they are pink, so you can use those to help if you would like.

If possible, try and write these sentences about the honey making process, because then you can use all of these ideas in your own writing.

And then if you want to go further, you can improve your sentences even further with rich vocabulary.

So you can add in some adjectives or adverbs to make your sentences even better.

So, can you now pause the video and write those three compound sentences and those three complex sentences.

Well done everyone, let's just check our writing.

So, can you tick off where you've got the word and, or, or but to join your two main clauses to make a compound sentence.

And then can you tick off where you've used the word when, as, or because, your subordinate clauses to write your complex sentences.

So just check to make sure that you've got those things.

Well done, so let's have a quick recap of what we've done.

We've looked at simple and compound sentences which contain one or two main clauses.

We've looked at complex sentences that have a subordinate and main.

You improved my sentences and then you write your own.

Well done everyone, you have worked really hard.

There were lots of different rules in that lesson, weren't there? And you have done brilliantly at writing your simple, compounds.