Lesson video

Hi there, my name is Mr. Byrne Smith, and today I'm going to be teaching you spelling.

I think spelling is such a useful thing to learn, as my spelling has improved, so has my reading.

This is because I can figure out and understand words that previously I couldn't, which is really useful.

Recently, I read a really nice book about a boy who won a prize to go to space.

It was fantastic.

And I think my spelling helped me out.

Today we're going to be looking at the -ial suffix.

So please do come along and join me.

This is the agenda for today's lesson.

First, we'll go through some key vocabulary.

Then we'll investigate and generate some rules.

And then finally, we'll set some spelling words for this unit.

In this lesson, you will need an exercise book or paper, a pencil.

And then finally, most importantly, your brain.

If you need to run up and get any of these things, pause the video now.

Okay, let's go through some key vocabulary.

My turn, your turn.

Which means repeat after me.

Suffix.

Suffix is a group of letters at the end of a word that change its meaning and sometimes class.

Adjective.

An adjective is a word that describes a noun it tells you what it's like.

Noun.

Noun is a person, place or thing.

Root word.

A root word is the most basic version of a word.

It has no prefixes or suffixes attached.

Let's investigate and generate some rules.

Your first challenge is to help me identify the sound that these four words have in common.

They all contain one particular sound, shut, push, initial, crucial.

Pause the video and have a think.

Okay, the sound that they all have in common is the /sh/ sound.

The interesting thing is that in each of the four words the /sh/ sound is represented slightly differently.

In shut, it's spelled with an s-h at the beginning of a word.

In push, you have s-h at the end of the word.

In essential it's spelt with a t-i.

And in crucial it's spelt with a c-i.

There are other spellings for this sound too.

For example, c-h.

These four are the most common.

Today we're going to be looking at the -ial suffix, we're going to be thinking about what it does and how we use it.

The -ial suffix turns words into adjectives.

When we talk about the -ial suffix, we often refer to what comes before it.

It's very common to see either a t or a c before the -ial suffix.

Here are some examples.

Essential and official.

In both of these instances, the t and the c plus -ial produces the /shul/ sound.

For the rest of this lesson, I'm going to be referring to that /shul/ sound.

We're going to be looking and thinking about the /shul/ sound spell, either t-i-a-l, or c-i-a-l.

If we look really carefully at these two examples, we can see those two spellings we spotted earlier, both of which makes that /sh/ sound.

If we do this, it's very clear where /shul/ comes from t-i, plus the a-l, c-i plus the a-l makes /shul/.

So, there are two ways of spelling the /shul/ sound, t-i-a-l and c-i-a-l.

Both of which contain the -ial suffix.

First we're going to think about the t-i-a-l ending.

Here's the rule.

If the letter before the /shul/ sound is a consonant, t-i-a-l is often but not always used.

Here's an example.

Partial.

You can see the in partial the letter before the t-i-a-l is an r.

An r is a consonant, and therefore we use t-i-a-l.

Next word is confidential.

In confidential the letter before the /shul/ sound is n confiden -tial.

N is a consonant and therefore it's spelled t-i-a-l.

In our third example, torrential.

Once again, the letter before the /shol/ sound is an n torren -tial.

Therefore, I know that it's going to be spelled t-i-a-l.

When we use -cial, the rule is slightly different.

If the letter before the /shol/ sound is a vowel c-i-a-l is often used.

Let's see some examples.

Crucial cru -cial.

You can hear that before the /shol/ sound there is a vowel.

Therefore I've used the c-i-a-l ending.

Social.

So -cial.

Once again, you can hear that before the /shol/ sound is a vowel.

So I've used the c-i-a-l ending.

Fa -cial.

Once again, you can hear very clearly that the letter before the /shol/ sound is a vowel.

So I've used the c-i-a-l ending.

Those two rules sound more complicated than they are.

Let's test them out.

Here I have two spellings of the word official.

Offi -cial Official is an adjective used to describe things that are very important.

I'd like you to have a think about which one of these is correct.

Use the two new rules that we have just discussed.

Pause the video and after go.

Okay, that's the correct option.

I know that because before the /shol/ sound is an i offi -cial, which is a vowel.

Therefore I use the c-i-a-l ending.

Let's have another.

Here I have two spellings of the word partial.

Par -tial.

Partial is a word used to refer to something of which you only have part.

For example, you might say, I've only got a partial answer to that question, 'cause perhaps you only have part of the answer.

Here I have two spellings.

I'd like you to help me decide which is correct using the two rules that we've learned so far.

Pause the video and have a go.

That's the correct answer.

If the letter before the /shol/ sound is a consonant, /shol/, t-i-a-l is often used.

With partial, the letter before is an r which is a consonant.

Therefore the t-i-a-l spelling is used.

Next word is influential, influen -tial.

This is a word used to describe something or someone with a lot of influence, which is another word for power.

When you talk about an influential person, you're talking about a powerful person who's good at making people do things.

Pause the video and think about which of these two spellings is correct and why.

The correct spelling is this one you can see here that before the /shol/ sound is a consonant and therefore t-i-a-l is used.

New word, racial.

Ra -cial The word racial describes things that are related to race or ethnicity.

Which of these spellings is correct? Pause the video now and have a go.

Okay, the correct spelling is this one.

If the letter before the /shol/ sound is a vowel, c-i-a-l is used.

In this instance, there is an a before the /shol/ sound, which is a vowel.

number two.

This time, I'm going to give you a word.

Your job is to tell me which of these two endings it makes yourself.

The best way to go about this is to listen to the word carefully, say out loud, then have a go at writing it down.

The first word is residential.

Pause the video and after go.

Okay Residential makes use of this ending.

Residential has an n before the /shol/ sound which is a consonant.

Therefore it uses t-i-a-l.

Next word, artificial.

Pause the video and after go.

Artificial makes use of this ending.

Artificial has an i before the /shol/ sound therefore it makes use of c-i-a-l.

Next word, this word is special.

Spe -cial.

Pause the video and after go.

Special makes use of this ending.

Special has an e before the /shol/ sound.

Therefore it uses c-i-a-l.

Next word, potential.

Poten -tial.

Pause the video and after go.

Potential makes use of this ending.

Potential has an n before the /shol/ sound.

Therefore, it makes use of t-i-a-l.

Okay, time to set our spelling words for this week.

Here are our words.

I'm going to read them out one by one, and I'm going to put them all into a sentence.

For those that are unfamiliar.

I'm going to give you a short and clear definition.

The first word is partial.

Par -tial.

I'm not ready yet Mr. Byrne Smith I only have a partial answer.

This is a word we discussed earlier.

Word number two, essential.

Essen -tial Essential is really, really important.

That's an essential piece of information.

Why didn't you tell me? Word number three, confidential, confiden -tial Confidential means private.

Don't look at those, they're confidential.

Number four, torrential torren -tial.

Torrential is a word that's often used to describe rain.

It's used to describe very heavy rain.

The rain last night was torrential.

Number five, influential, influen -tial.

This is the word we discussed earlier.

She's a very influential leader.

That means she's good at getting people to do what she wants them to do.

The next word is special.

Spe -cial.

That mark is very special to me, please don't break it.

Word number seven is crucial.

Cru -cial.

Crucial has a similar meaning to essential.

It means very, very important.

Why didn't he tell me earlier? That's a crucial bit of information.

Word number eight Official.

Offi -cial.

Now a tricky thing I find about this word is the double f.

It often catches me off guard to try to remember official contains two fs.

The word official is used to describe things that are very important or related to authority.

Authority refers to the people who set the rules and tell you what to do.

English is the official language in Trinidad and Tobago.

Word number nine, social so -cial His social skills are fantastic.

He chat to anybody.

Number 10, artificial artifi -cial Artificial means fake.

So if you refer to artificial grass, for example, you're referring to fake grass it's been created, manmade.

The strawberry yoghourt tasted very artificial.

That suggests it doesn't have a very natural flavour to it.

Okay, those are our spelling words.

Now make sure you copy them down very carefully.

It's important that you don't make a mistake at this stage, or you might start practising the wrong spelling, which would be a tragedy.

So copy the down very, very carefully.

And congratulations.

This is what we've gone through in this lesson.

We've looked at key vocabulary.

We've investigated and generated some rules.

We've set some spelling words.

And that's the end of the lesson.

So well done for all of your hard work.

You've done a very good job.

And see you soon.