Lesson video

Hello.

It's Mrs. Smart.

Welcome back to this English unit.

In today's lesson, we're going to be focusing on grammar.

We are going to be revising simple compound and complex sentences.

If you're ready, let's get started.

In today's lesson, you're going to need exercise book or some lined paper, a pen or pencil to write with, and some coloured pencils or felt tips or coloured pens if you've got them.

You're also going to need to make sure that you're in a quiet space and you put all distractions away so you can really focus on your learning.

If you're not quite ready for today's lesson, just pause the recording and get yourself sorted.

In today's lesson, we're going to focus on three types of sentences.

We're going to start with simple sentences.

Then we're going to learn about compound sentences.

And lastly, we're going to learn about complex sentences.

This is all revisions, so you should have learned this already.

And then I'm going to set you your independent tasks, where you're going to apply today's learning.

Today's sentences are all going to be about this film Whale Rider, which is what this unit is about.

You might be doing this grammar lessons separate from the unit, so you just need to understand a little bit about the story.

All you need to know is that there's a section of this film where lots of whales beached themselves.

That means they get stuck on a beach and you can see that all of the villagers, from this village where the beaches, they run to the beach, trying and save the whales.

And you can see they've got lots of wet towels and sheets to try and keep them wet.

Cause if they dry out, they're going to die and then pouring buckets of water onto the whales to try and save them and to try and move them back into the water once the tide comes in.

So you just need to understand that little bit of the story to make sure that you understand the example sentences I'm going to use in today's lesson.

Okay.

Before we start on I simple sentences, let's just revise our word class definitions always really important when we're learning about grammar.

Pause the recording and see if you can remember the different definitions for nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs.

You could just have a think about it, or you could write yourself some notes, pause the recording now.

Okay.

I hope you remembered.

Let's go through them.

I'm going to say each definition and you're going to repeat.

A noun is a PPT, a person place or thing.

An adjective describes a word.

It tells you what it's like.

A verb, is a doing or a being word.

If you do it or you are at, then the word is a verb.

An adverb describes a verb, it often ends in ly.

Okay, that's going to be really helpful for your learning today.

So I hope you can remember those definitions.

Now let's revise one more piece of information is really important when we're learning about grammar.

And that is phrases and clauses.

What's the difference between a phrase and a clause? I know I often get them a little bit mixed up.

Can you remember the difference? Pause the recording and have a think or write yourself some notes.

Okay.

I'm sure you remembered.

Let's just go through just to make sure.

A phrase is a group of words that are connected and they expand a single word.

So for example, they add more information to a noun.

Or they add more information to a preposition.

The key thing to remember about a phrase is they do not contain a verb.

There's some examples there.

We've got the warm rain and the children in the playground.

You can see those phrases.

There are no verbs.

So I know they must be a phrase.

A clause is also a group of words that are connected, but this time it does contain a verb.

And clauses can sometimes be complete sentences or they can be main or subordinate clauses.

So main clauses can be sentences on their own right, but subordinate clauses cannot.

We're going to learn a little bit more about that today.

There's two examples there of main clauses.

And they are also sentences.

We've got it rained heavily and we danced in the rain.

You can see, they both have verbs.

And we've got the verb rained and the verb dance.

So I know there must be clauses.

Let's start at the beginning by revising simple sentences.

What is a simple sentence? Have a think.

Can you remember? Write some notes Remember there's an image on the screen that might help you.

Pause the recording now and then press play when you're ready.

Okay.

I'm sure you all remembered.

Let's go through to check if you're right.

A simple sentence is a group of words that's all connected and contain a verb.

They can be a main clause.

So it main clause can have a capital letter and a full stop and be a sentence in its own right cause it makes sense on its own.

So the main causes can sometimes be part of longer sentences.

Now, if you notice as an image on the screen to help you, you remember, Mr Main was our main man.

He can make sense on his own.

A little bit like bag and go fight crimes on his own and save people on his own.

He doesn't need a helper.

He makes sense on his own.

He his Mr. Main and he represents name clauses.

And a name clause is the same as a simple sentence.

I wonder if you got that right? Let's have a look at some examples now and see if you can identify the simple sentence.

Which one is the simple sentence from these three possible sentences, maybe one of them isn't a sentence.

Could you spot it? The villagers.

The villages filled buckets with water.

The villagers filled buckets with water while the whales lay lifeless on the sand.

Which one is that Mr. Main? One main clause that makes sense on its own to be a simple sentence.

Pause the recording and point the one that you think is the simple sentence.

Okay.

I hope you're ready.

I wonder if you spotted the one that wasn't a sentence at all.

Let's have a look.

Well done.

The villagers filled buckets with water is the simple sentence, because I can see there's one verb in that sentence.

Do you know why the villagers isn't a simple sentence? You're right.

The villagers isn't a simple sentence because it isn't a main clause.

It has no verb.

And then why is the third sentence not a simple sentence? Yes, well done.

The third sentence isn't a simple sentence because it's actually a complex sentence.

It's got more than one clause and we'll come onto that later on.

Pause the video to complete your task.

Can you write a simple sentence? Remember it needs to include one main clause that makes sense on its own.

And the main clause must contain a verb.

Otherwise it's not a clause.

You can write your sentence about whatever you like.

If you want to use the Whale Rider film as your inspiration you can.

Or you can buy just about something different.

Resume once you're finished.

We're moving on now to compound sentences.

What is a compound sentence? Have a look at the image on the screen to see if it can help.

I can see there's a Mr. Main plus another Mr. Main.

What might that mean? Have a think or write yourself some notes.

Pause the recording now.

Okay, I'm sure you remembered what a compound sentence is.

Let's just go through to make sure you're correct.

A compound sentence is two main clauses joined together with a coordinating conjunction.

Those coordination conjunctions can be, but you notice there's going to be a comma before the but or, and again, there's a comma before or, or it can be and there's no comma before and.

A good way to remember that is boa, but, or and.

Like a boa constrictor, the type of snake that you have that joins main clauses together.

That's why we've got two Mr. Mains.

Mr. Main plus another Main.

And that addition sign is representing the but, or and coordinating conjunction.

Well done if you remembered that.

We're now going to have a look at some example sentences and see if we can work out, which one is the compound sentence? The villagers were desperate to save the whales.

The villagers were desperate to save the whales because they were magnificent creatures.

The villagers were desperate to save the whales, but they were dying.

Which one do you think is the compound sentence? Pause the recording and make your decision.

Okay, let's see if you're ready for the answer.

Yes.

The villages were desperate to save the whales, but they were dying.

That's our compound sentence because it's got butts in the middle joining by two main clauses that could make sense on their own.

Well done if you've got that right? Pause the video to complete your task.

Can you write a compound sentence? Remember it needs to include two main clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction.

I've given you some main clauses that you might want to use, or you might feel confident to write your own.

I've written the villages rubbed the whales skin.

The whales groaned in pain.

Huge whales lay motionless on the sands.

So if you want to, you can extend one of them with a but, or, or and, or you can think of your own sentence.

Pause the recording and resume once you're finished.

I hope you're ready for our final type of sentence.

In today's English grammar lesson.

What is a complex sentence? I can see that the image has slightly changed.

I've now got Mr. Main, the main man, and Mr. Subordinate, the helper.

I wonder if that can help you remember, what a complex sentence is.

Pause the recording and write yourself the definition now.

Now that was a tricky one.

I wonder if you've managed to write the accurate correct definition.

Let's check.

A main clause and a subordinate clause joined with a subordinating conjunction.

So that's what a complex sentence is.

Mr. Main that can make sense on his own and Mr. Main subordinate, the helper.

He doesn't make sense on his own.

He adds extra information, but he couldn't be a sentence in his own right.

And they are joined this time with a subordinating conjunction.

There are lots and lots of subordinating conjunctions, here are just a few.

We've got as, when so, because, after.

But as I said, there are lots and lots that you could use.

Now, something that makes complex sentences a little bit trickier is we can have them two different ways found.

So we can have the sentence starting with the conjunction and then the subordinate clause followed by the main clause.

As an example there let's read it through.

While the animals lay motionless on the beach, comma, the villagers gently wept.

The villages gently wept is my main clause, because that makes sense on its own.

While the animals lay motion this on the beach is my subordinate clause, because that doesn't make sense on its own.

I can see the subordinate clause starts with my subordinating conjunction while, and the two clauses are separated with a comma.

This is another way I can structure a complex sentence.

I can switch them around.

I can start my sentence with my main clause.

Then I can have my conjunction and then I can have my Mr. Subordinate, my subordinate clause that doesn't make sense on his own.

Let's look at the example.

The villagers gently wept while the animals lay motionless on the beach.

So you can see we've just switch that sentence around.

We've now got the main clause at the beginning We've got our conjunction while in the middle and our subordinate clause at the end.

Let's see if you can now put all of that amazing learning into practise.

Which one of the following sentences is a complex sentence.

Remember it needs to be a subordinate clause and a main clause joined with a subordinating conjunction.

As the villagers rubbed the whales skin, the animals groaned in pain.

The animals groaned in pain, as the villages rubbed the whales skin.

I'm not even sure all of those are sentences.

Maybe you can spot the one, which isn't a sentence.

Pause the recording and try and find the complex sentence.

That was really tricky.

So well done for persevering with that question.

Okay.

You ready for the answer? Yeah.

As the villagers rubbed the whale's skin, the animals groaned in pain.

That is our complex sentence because it's got starts with the subordinate clause as the village has rubbed the whale's skin.

And then it's followed by a main clause, the animals groaned in pain.

I can see the subordinating conjunction as at the beginning.

And the comma separates the subordinate in the main clause.

Let's look at the other two, the animals grand in pain.

Do you know what type of sentence that would be? Good, yeah.

Well done.

It's a simple sentence because that makes sense on its own.

It's my main clause from my complex sentence, but it makes sense on its own.

So when it's on its own, it can just be a simple sentence.

What about the other one? What do you think? Is that a sentence? No, that's not a sentence.

It's actually a subordinate clause, which we know don't make sense on their own.

So they can't be a sentence in their own right.

Well done if you worked all of that out, that was really tricky grammar.

Now I want you to pause the video to complete your task.

Can you write a complex sentence? Remember it needs to include a main clause and a subordinate clause joined with a subordinating conjunction.

I've given you some clauses that could start you off if you want them, or you might want to write your sentence about something else.

I've written The villagers rubbed the whales skin The whales groaned in pain Huge whales laid motionless on the sand.

So if you want to use one of those, you can, or you can write your sentence completely on your own.

Pause the video to complete your task resume once you're finished.

Time for your task.

So what I would like you to do is write an example of each sentence you've revised today.

You should have written each of these types of sentences as we've gone through the lesson, but I want you to write me one more time to really consolidate today's learning.

I want you to write me one simple sentence, remember that collection of words with one verb that make sense on its own.

I want you to write me a compound sentence.

Remember two main clauses.

They both make sense on their own joined with the coordinating conjunction, but, or, and.

And I want you to write me a complex sentence.

A main clause and the subordinate clause joined the subordinating conjunction.

The subordinate clause can go at the beginning, or it can go at the end.

Now, if you've got some coloured pencils or pens or felt tips we can highlight this, you could label or colour code each type of clause, and also underlying your conjunctions.

Having a look at my example below, I've done my subordinate clause in green and my main clause in purple and I've underlined my conjunction.

When the young girl saw the dying whales, she gently wept.

See if you can do the same thing so that anyone looking at your work can really easily see that you definitely understand the difference between main clauses, subordinate clauses, and you can identify where your conjunctions are.

Congratulations, well done for all of your hard work today, there was some super tricky grammar in that so well done for persevering and not giving up.

You have completed your lessons day.

If you would like to please share your work with your parents or carer, I will see you in your next lesson.

Goodbye.