Lesson video

Hello, everybody, it's Miss Chamberlain Webber here.

I love spelling and today is a fantastic example of why Spelling's are so exciting.

We're going to explore two different groups of suffixes.

We add these suffixes on the end of root words, and they change the meaning of these words.

But there's something very interesting and exciting about the group of words today.

These two different sets of words, change the meaning of the word in different ways.

So let's explore a bit further together now.

We're starting with some key vocabulary that we will need in lesson today.

And then we're going to investigate and generate spelling rules for the two different groups of suffixes.

And finally, we're going to look at 10 words that I will set to you to practise these spelling words.

In this lesson you'll need paper and pencil.

And please have your brains switched on, finding yourself in a quiet and calm space.

If you need to go and fetch a pen and paper, pause the video and do that now.

Key vocabulary, let's start with word class.

Word class is the type of word something is, for example, adjective and noun.

Can you remember the description with an adjective or noun? Can you tell me what an adjective is? It is a describing word.

How about noun? A person, place or thing? Now remember, we have two different types of nouns.

Can you shout what those are? Abstract and concrete? And what's the difference between these two? Concrete is something we can see or physically touch.

And abstract noun is something that's more of an idea or a concept that we can't touch.

For example, a feeling or a motion.

Okay, the next two words, can you tell me what a suffixes is please? I think you remember this one, the group of letters at the end of a word, that change the meaning.

And finally root word.

A root word is the word onto which a prefix or a suffix is attached.

Now you tell me, pause the screen and decide which key word should match the definition.

A describing word is an adjective.

A person, place or thing is a noun.

A group of letters at the end of the word that change the meaning, suffix.

The word onto which a prefix or suffix is attached, think of a tree for this one, root, brilliant.

Time to investigate and generate rules for our first group of suffixes.

This group includes -ic, and -al.

Let's start with -al.

What do these words mean and what do they have in common? Pause the video to think about these questions carefully.

My turn, your turn.

Addition, addition, is the act or process of adding something on to something else.

We might see this often in our numeracy lessons when we're calculating.

Person, person is a human, an individual, and a singular word.

for one, one person.

What word class are these words? That's right, they are both nouns.

So, let's think about anything else they might have in common.

Can you point to any spelling patterns they have in common? Pause the video again, if you would like some more time.

Both words have the letters -on at the end.

Let's see what happens when we add a suffix to the end of these words.

Starting with addition, let's put it in a sentence.

There was an addition of extra football games to the tournament.

This means there's been more added.

If I add the suffix -al to the end, it becomes additional.

Additional has changed the meaning of the word.

Is that an additional spelling to the rule? I wonder if you've spotted how it's changed.

Pause the video here and have a go at spotting how the word class has changed.

This is difficult, so I'm going to help you today.

The meaning of the suffix -al means relating to.

So we know addition is the noun for the process of having more.

But if we have something that's additional, we're describing something as having more to it.

So in this example, is there an additional spelling to the rule? We're asking if there has been another one added? We're describing the spelling as having one more.

So then, can you tell me what the word class has changed from a noun to a adjective, good work.

Lets explore another example, person, with the suffix -al, it changes to personal.

Something that's personal to you, is describing something that's belonging to you.

For example, I like taking my personal pencil case into school, because it's mine, and people know it's mine.

Okay, tell me again how the word class has changed? Person is a, and personal is a, okay, pause the video here if you need more time to think about that.

It's changed from a noun to an adjective.

The spelling root has not changed.

You might have noticed this for the previous word as well, addition to additional person, to personal.

The spelling of the root word person has not changed at all with the suffix -al added onto the end.

Time for a quick review of those key words.

I'm going to read this sentence.

And I want you to think about what key words should go in the place.

A is a group of letters that we can add to the end of a word to change the meaning of the word.

Pause the video here and decide which keywords should go in the spaces.

The first one, a suffix is a group of letters that we can add to the end of a root word to change the meaning of the word.

What have we discovered so far with our suffix -al? Well, the meaning of -al is relating to, and our spelling rule, is simply that we need to add the suffix without changing the word.

Most importantly, we're changing the word class from a noun to an adjective.

Time for our second suffix -ic.

What do these words mean and what do they have in common? Look at the pictures to help you and pause the video for some thinking time.

Rhythm, if I'm keeping a rhythm, I am beating the drum at a steady timing.

History, I think we all know what history is.

You study history and it's a subject at school.

So what word class are these two words? They are nouns, they are things.

And what do these words have in common? In fact, their spellings are very different, aren't they? They don't have much in common, maybe other than the fact that there are six letters in each word.

Time to add the suffix -ic to the end to see any patterns.

Rhythm becomes more rhythmic.

What do you notice about the new word rhythmic? The suffix -ic also means relating to.

So maybe you've already spotted what's happened to our word class here.

My rhythm on a drum is a noun.

But if I was to just describe a song that I just heard on the radio as really great and rhythmic, that means I'm using it as an adjective.

Rhythmic has become an adjective, just like our suffix -al, ic follows the same pattern, changing nouns into adjectives.

Let's see if this is the same for our word history.

Can you tell me what our word history will become when we add the suffix -ic? Historic, maybe you can think about putting historic in your own sentence this time.

Have a go by yourself.

We might describe a building that looks like it has been a very old building as an historic building.

The Tower of London is a historic building.

So once again, my noun history has changed into a describing word and, tip good.

Huh, did you spot the spelling rule for this particular word history.

It ends in a y, so I must remove the y before I add my I-C, excellent work so far.

Let's have a quick recap, rhythm, history, person, addition, are what word class? Rhythmic historic, personal, additional are what word class? Please tell me the pattern that you notice.

Our noun has changed into an adjective.

We now know that our -al and -ic are very similar suffixes because they mean relating to.

If you haven't already, pause the video here so that you can write down this pattern.

Now, I want you also to have a go at this one by yourself.

We've got the noun poet, can you choose either -al or -ic to add on to this root word, to create an adjective? Have a go.

Ic is added to the word poet to create the word poetic.

Something that's poetic means that it's described very well, like we would in poetry.

So maybe next time you write a brilliant piece of writing, or poetry, you can describe it as being poetic.

Now the spelling of the root word in this case has not changed.

Our next group of suffixes are similar, because they change the word in a slightly different way.

So let's explore each one individually, starting with -ness.

What do these words mean and what do they have in common? Please pause the video to think about each word carefully.

Weak means lacking power.

Maybe physically or mentally, we could talk about a person or a thing being weak.

Ready means to be fully prepared.

I really like for my class is ready for their learning.

So these words are describing things or people.

So that means they're what word class? An adjective.

Lets add the suffix -ness, to weak.

Weak becomes weakness.

What's happened to the word class? We remember that weak describes a person or thing, so it must be an adjective.

Adding weakness means the condition of.

So, -ness means the condition of being weak, the state of being weak.

Therefore, my adjective has changed into a noun.

I could describe a very tired netball team as being in a state of weakness.

I walk into the changing room, they're all completely exhausted, and I say, "Wow, there's weakness filling the room." Let's try this for our next word ready.

To be ready or adjective, with the suffix -ness, changed it to a state of readiness.

My class is showing extreme readiness every time I walk in the room, I'm very happy about that.

Before we move on, did you spot any spelling rules with these words? Pause the video here if you need a bit longer.

Ready, ready ends in Y? We must remove the Y and add an I, before we add the suffix.

We're changing Y to I.

Our second suffix is -ity.

How have these words changed? First of all -ity is exactly the same as -ness in meaning.

It means condition of, but let's try it with the word secure.

Secures an adjective to describe something that's safe.

Adding on -ity will make it security.

Security, what word class is that? We can say some jobs are security, for example, people at the front of shops making sure everyone's safe.

We can call the locks on our house, a type of security.

These are things or people, so they are nouns.

Our word has changed from an adjective to a noun.

I want you to look at the spelling closely this time.

Pause your video and look at what's happened, when we've changed the word from secure to security.

The E has been removed, and we've added -ity.

Our final suffix we're looking at today is -tion.

Inform becomes information.

Information is a noun.

It's a thing that tells us facts about some things, that we can understand it better.

By adding the suffix -tion has some particular spelling rules we need to look at further.

Before we do that, what word class is inform? Because it's not an adjective this time.

Inform is a verb, a doing word.

So, for the suffix -tion, which also means condition of, usually, it's changing the word cross class verbs to nouns instead.

Pause the video here and tell me what you've noticed about the spelling of information.

It's changed, there's been an addition of a letter, can you point to that letter? We've added an A before the suffix.

Let's look at another example for -tion.

Compete becomes competition.

How is the word class changed.

There's also something very interesting about the spelling rule.

Have a look and decide for yourself.

This time that E has been removed but replaced by the letter I.

This happened with a word earlier on in this lesson, remember which one? Readiness, but that time we remove the Y and replaced it with an I.

So the rules are as follows, if the root word ends in a Y then remove and add the suffix.

But sometimes if the root word ends in an E or Y, you change to an I and add the suffix.

And finally, just for the suffix -tion, sometimes you add an A before the suffix.

So, what has happened to the word class? Remember, there's one suffix -tion, where we're changing verbs.

But how about the others? What word class are the words weak, ready, possible and secure? Adjectives, can you remind me what they all change to? Nouns, adjectives and verbs with suffixes -ness, ity and -tion all change to nouns.

Time to set your spelling words.

As usual, you need to have your pen and pencil ready, so that you can write down each spelling as I go through them.

But I'm going to say each spelling once and then say it in a sentence.

I want you to pause the video on each page to make sure you've written down each word correctly.

We're going to start with four words, with the suffixes that change words to adjectives.

And then I'm going to give you six words for the suffixes that change words, nouns.

Let's go.

Number one, physical.

Physical, has that tricky spelling, for F.

We must remember it's P-H for F and has the suffix -o.

Number two, occasional.

Occasional is an adjective, it's describing something that doesn't happen very often, occasional.

Now there's one thing we must remember that I find tricky in this word.

Can you spot it? There's a double consonant two C's.

Number three, metallic.

Metallic an interesting one, because I don't actually say it the usual way the root word sounds, metal.

When you add the I-C suffix, the word changes slightly.

You pronounce it metallic.

My turn, metallic, your turn.

Number four, athletic.

This describes someone as being sporty.

Maybe in the way they do things, their skills or even the way they look, athletic.

Number five, tiredness.

Now these words are all nouns, tiredness.

Number six, awareness.

To have an awareness of something, means what's going on with it.

So, for example, when I'm at school, I like to have an awareness of every child in my classroom, what they're doing, how they are, what learning they're doing.

Remember the E before -ness for this word.

Number seven, reality.

Reality might not look like a tricky spelling, but we must remember that there is an E-A.

for that vowel sound, realality.

Number eight, activity.

Activity is a noun, is a thing we do.

You often do these at school, you can do sports activities.

Number nine, creation.

Creation is something you've made.

I often get children in my class to show everybody something when they've made a creation.

Number 10, description.

Now this is a particularly tricky one.

So I've given you the root word describe, to help you.

Take a minute moment to think about how the word has changed from this describe, to description.

Two letters have been removed.

Can you point at the ones that have been removed from describe? B and E, and they've been changed to P before we add -tion.

Please really double check this word, great work.

Let's remind ourselves of the most exciting part of this lesson, how words have changed their word class, because of the addition of suffixes.

Which suffixes have been added here? Ic and -al.

And what has happened to the word class? Well, the letters in purple are nouns, and they've changed to adjectives, good work.

Let's look at our three other suffixes.

Remember, -tions slightly different.

They start as verbs.

The root words,but how about the other words in blue? Which word class are they? And how have they changed? Pause the video, so that you have a bit of thinking time.

The adjectives have changed because of the suffixes, ness, ity and -tion to nouns.

How amazing that suffixes can really change the whole meaning of the word.

Congratulations, you've done brilliantly.

I know it's a lot to think about, suffixes have meanings.

And also, we've got the spelling rules to think about as well, but you're doing brilliantly.

And the next spelling lesson we're going to review these spelling rules and how the word class changes again.

You managed to look at key vocabulary today, investigate five suffixes in two different groups, and generate rules to help you remember these.

Finally, you've got those 10 spellings that I really want you to practise by yourself.

And maybe you can even find some more spellings that follow the same rule.