Lesson video

Hi everyone.

Welcome to another lesson with me, Miss Chu.

In today's lesson, we are going to explore the past, present, and future progressive tense.

So, as always, you'll need to have a pen and pencil, a piece of paper or a book to write with, and find a quiet space, and when you're ready we can begin.

Okay, so let's look at the agenda.

So, we're going to start with a writing warm-up just to get our brains working, our hands warmed up for the lesson.

Then we're going to review tenses.

I know we've done that before, but just to remind ourselves about all the different tenses, and then we're going to move on specifically, and look at progressive tenses.

Then, right at the end, you've got your own little task to do.

So, as I'd said before, you'll need these things.

So, you will need an exercise book or paper, pencil, and your brain switched on.

Let's look at the writing warm-up.

So, for today's writing warm-up, I would like you to write a complex sentence.

So remember, a complex sentence has a main clause and a subordinate clause, but I would like you to write a complex sentence with an adverbial clause, okay? So, an adverbial clause is a clause that has the words, could have the words as, when, even though, despite, and there are more, but let's focus today on the word as, okay? So, I've given you an example, and I've used adjectives, verbs, and adverbs where I could, where possible, and then I've also given you a little challenge at the end if you wish to take that challenge up.

So, let's look at my example.

As the glowing crown appeared over his head, comma, Macbeth's eyes widened with delight, full stop.

So start always with a capital letter as well, I need to remind you about that, and also, the comma that separates the subordinate clause with the main clause.

So, in this example, we've started our complex sentence with the subordinate clause, so the adverbial clause in this example, because we use as.

As the glowing crown appeared over his head, comma, and then the main clause is, Macbeth's eyes widened with delight.

So now it's your turn to pause the video to complete your task, your little writing task.

You're going to write a complex sentence with an adverbial clause, and you may start with as, and I've given you a little scaffold there, just to remind you where your comma should go, and where your full stop should go as well.

Feel free to not use Macbeth in your sentence.

You could talk about Banquo here, or you could just write a sentence about the witches.

It does not have to relate to the picture that I've got, but I thought perhaps that the picture would help.

Okay, so pause the video and have a go.

Okay, brilliant.

So, I've had another go at writing, because I thought that perhaps the sentence that I had before could have been improved, so I've had another go, and this is what I came up with.

I'm sure your sentences are a lot better than mine.

So, here we go.

As the glowing crown hovered eerily over his head, comma, Macbeth's eyes widened with delight, full stop, capital letter, His loyal companion, comma, who was by his side, comma, banged his drum as loud as the ear-deafening thunder surrounding them.

I want you to have a think, now, about my second sentence in this little paragraph here.

I've written two sentences.

My first one is the adverbial clause complex sentence.

What type of sentence do you think my second one is? It's a complex sentence, but what kind? I wonder if you remember some of our previous lessons on complex sentences, what type that one is.

Shout it out to me.

It is an adver.

, sorry, it is a complex sentence with a relative clause.

Well done! So, the relative clause is in the middle of the sentence.

The relative clause is, who was by his side, and then it's surrounded by the main clause which is, his loyal companion banged his drum as loud as the ear-deafening thunder surrounding them.

And I've highlighted in bold, as loud as, because that's the figurative language that I've used here.

I've used a simile.

I wonder if you came up with your own figurative language.

Did you come up with a simile or a metaphor, or personification? Hmm.

So, what is tense? Do you remember? In grammar, we refer to tense as expressing time reference.

We use it to show when something has happened.

For example, past, something that's already happened, present, which is now, and future, which is when something will happen.

Okay, here are some examples.

In past tense, you would say, I walked home.

In present tense, you would say, I walk home, because that's something you're doing now.

In future tense, you'd say, I will walk home.

Okay, let's look more in depth at past progressive tense.

So, what exactly is past progressive tense? So, we know it's in the past, it's already happened.

The past progressive tense describes an ongoing activity in the past, so, it's already happened, but it's ongoing.

For example, Macbeth was playing with fire.

Macbeth's lips were quivering.

The ghastly hags were dancing.

What do you notice about each of those sentences? Are there any similarities or differences in those sentences? Okay, so, let's have a look.

Hopefully you've had a think.

So, in past progressive tense, we use was if it was singular, for talking about someone, just one person or one thing, and then you would have the present participle, which is the -ing and the verb, so, walking, running, dancing.

But if you were talking about things in the plural form, you would use were and the present participle.

For example, Macbeth is singular, so we use was.

Macbeth was playing with fire.

In the second example, Macbeth's lips were quivering.

Lips, here, is in the plural form because we're not talking about one lip, we're talking about his lips, so we would say were quivering.

And the ghastly hags were dancing.

Because there's more than one, it's the plural form.

Okay, what I'd like you to do is I'd like you to use the words below, and I want you to say a sentence, say it out loud to the screen in the past progressive tense, remembering that if it's singular, you say was, if it's plural, more than one, you would say were.

Okay? Pause the video and have a go.

Okay, so, I have come up with two sentences that I'm going to say to the screen.

Macbeth was devising a plan.

Macbeth and Lady Macbeth were cunningly scheming.

So, here, was, and the present participle is devising, devising, and then were because we're talking about Lady Macbeth and Macbeth, two people were, and scheming is the verb.

Great, so we've now looked at the past progressive tense.

We're now going to look at the present progressive tense.

What is the present progressive tense? The present progressive tense is used for an ongoing activity, so, the same as the past, but what's different is that it's in the present.

It's an ongoing activity in the present.

It's happening now.

Let's have a look at some examples.

Macbeth is holding daggers.

Banquo and Macbeth are listening to the witches.

The guests are dancing to music.

And, I am reading the play.

What do you notice about the present progressive tense? Have a think.

Look at the words that I've highlighted in bold.

What do you notice? So, present progressive tense, if this is singular, if you're talking about one thing or one person, you would say am and the present participle, again -ing verb, for example, walking, running, dancing, and the same with is, so if you're talking about am, that would be I am, and is would be looking at the third person, he is, she is, and they're both singular.

If we are talking about the plural form where there is more than one, then we use are and the present participle.

So, let's have a look at some examples.

Macbeth is holding daggers.

We would use is instead of am because you're not talking about yourself, you're talking about Macbeth, so you use is and the present participle, which is holding.

Banquo and Macbeth, are they singular or plural? They are plural because there's two of them.

Banquo and Macbeth are, so we use are listening to the witches.

The guests, again, more than one, are dancing to music, and I am reading the play, so am would be when you're talking in first person.

Okay, going to turn this off so that you can see.

You're now going to use the words below, and again, you're going to say a sentence in the present progressive tense.

Say it to the screen.

Use the words below.

You can move them around in your head and try, or you can write them out on your paper if you're not sure.

Have a go, and then I want you to say it out loud to the screen.

Pause the video and have a go.

Brilliant, okay.

So, let's have a look at an example that I've got.

They are hosting a banquet.

So I'm using pink because it's the plural, are.

Great, so, we've looked at past progressive tense, and we've looked at present progressive tense, so we've got one more tense to look at, future tense progressive tense.

Okay, so the last tense that we're going to look at today is the future progressive tense.

What is the future progressive tense? It probably comes as no surprise to you that the future progressive tense describes an ongoing activity in the future.

For example, Lady Macbeth will be planting the daggers on the soldiers.

The witches will be waiting on the heath.

Macbeth will be begging for mercy.

What do you notice this time? How is it different from the other progressive tenses? Hmm, so, it is the same.

You have will be and the present participle -ing verb, walking, running, dancing.

Well, what's different this time is that the singular and the plural are the same.

You use the same for both.

You would say will be if it's for one person, and will be if it is for more than one, the plural form.

So, going back to our sentences from before, Lady Macbeth, the singular, will be planting the daggers, and the witches, more than one, there's three of them, will be, so, will be as well, and Macbeth will be begging.

So we use the same for singular and plural.

Okay, it is your turn now.

You're going to use the words below and say a sentence in the future progressive tense.

I want you to pause the video and now have a go at this.

Okay, here's my example.

The witches will be declaring Macbeth's fate.

That's my sentence I'm going to say out loud to the screen.

Okay, so we've now looked at the three progressive tenses.

I can tick them off, past, present, and future, tick, tick, tick.

So, what's going to be in the next part of our lesson? We've learnt all of the tenses.

We're going to now do an independent task.

So, in this independent task, I would love you to write three sentences, just three, or more if you choose to do that, one in each progressive tense.

So, one sentence in the.

and if you remember the image, that's a past, exactly, it's the past progressive tense.

So, one sentence in the past progressive tense, one sentence in the present progressive tense, and one sentence in the future progressive tense.

Pause the video, and have a quick go now at writing your three sentences, three or more.

Brilliant.

Well done! You've come to the end of the lesson, and in this lesson, we have learned how to write a complex sentence with an adverbial clause.

That was in our writing warm-up.

Then we looked at tenses in general, past, present, and future.

Then we moved on specifically to look at progressive tenses, and we hopefully have completed our task of writing sentences in each of those tenses that we've learned today.

Congratulations! If you would like to, you could share your work with a parent or a carer, and I look forward to teaching you your next lesson.