Lesson video

Hi everybody, and welcome back to our next lesson.

This is lesson number six out of our unit of 10 lessons.

Today, we're going to be developing our knowledge a little bit further about simple and compound sentences.

So we're carrying on from the learning that we began in lesson three.

If you haven't already watched lesson three, I would really suggest that you watch that lesson first, before you start this lesson.

Let's get started.

Okay everybody, so our learning objective today is to develop our knowledge of simple and compound sentences.

This is lesson number six out of our unit of 10 lessons.

Our agenda for our learning today.

Firstly, we're going to recap what clauses are, then we're going to recap coordinating conjunctions, and finally, we're going to have a practise of writing simple and compound sentences.

We had a grammar lesson, lesson number three of this unit, and we covered a lot of detail and information about clauses and coordinating conjunctions.

I would really suggest that you watch that video before you complete this lesson, if you haven't already done so.

If you have done that and you've got everything you need, let's go.

So for this lesson, you are going to need an exercise book and lined paper, a pen or pencil and your best learning brain.

Pause the video quickly if you need to go and grab any of those items. If not let's get started.

So our writing warmup today is to identify sentence types.

We have got on the left hand side simple, compound and complex.

Those are three types of sentences.

And on the right hand side, we've got three sentences.

Your task is to try and match the sentence with the sentence type.

Now in our grammar lesson, we learned a lot about simple and compound sentences.

So if you're not too sure about what a complex sentence is, don't worry.

We're going to cover that a little bit later in this unit.

But the trick is if you can identify the simple and the compound sentence, then the complex sentence is the one that will be left.

Let's read all three sentences together before you start.

Number one, as dark clouds swirled angrily in the sky above comma, polluted air blanketed the city of London.

Number two, the streets below were filled with bustling crowds and the shots of market vendors run through the air.

And three, silently, the small flame of a gas lamp flickered on the darkening street.

We've read all three sentences, I would like you to pause the video while you decide which sentence goes with which heading.

Pause the video while you do that.

Okay everyone, hopefully we've all paused the video and we've all had to go at matching each sentence to the sentence type.

Now I'm going to show you the answers, in three, two, one.

I know I'm going to rearrange our sentences, so it's a little bit easier to see.

So our simple sentence, silently, the small flame of a gas lamp flickered on the darkening street.

Well done if you got that one right.

Now, can you explain to me how you knew that it was a simple sentence.

Have some thinking time.

Pause the video if you need a little bit more time.

Well done if you've spotted that this sentence does not include a conjunction, so it has to be simple.

Well done if you got that.

Our second sentence, the streets below were filled with bustling crowds and the shouts of market vendors rang through the air.

This is a compound sentence.

Can you tell me why it's compound, really, really loudly though, so I can hear you all the way from here.

Fantastic, this compound sentence has got a coordinating conjunction.

Can you point to the coordinating conjunction and shout it at your computer screen? Fantastic, well done.

The coordinating conjunction in this sentence is and.

There are three coordinating conjunctions and, but, or.

And this sentence has the word and in it.

So that means that and is compound is used as a coordinating conjunction.

And finally our complex sentence was, as dark clouds swirled angrily in the sky above, polluted air blanketed the city of London.

Now this sentence begins with a subordinate clause, as dark clouds swirled angrily in the sky above comma.

And then it has a main clause, polluted air blanketed the city of London.

Now we're going to talk in a lot more detail about complex sentences a little bit later in this unit.

Okay everyone, so now we're going to just revisit what clauses are.

Which of these is a close, think back to what a clause actually is.

A clause is a group of words, which contains a.

Say it out loud if you can remember.

Excellent, A clause is a group of words which contains a verb.

Can you remind me what a verb is? Say it out loud to me.

Excellent, a verb is a doing or a being word.

If you can do it or you are it, then the word is a verb.

Fantastic, so which of these contains a verb? That's the one that is your clause.

Some time to think, point at the one and say out loud that you think is a clause.

Three, two, one, excellent.

The sun hid behind the clouds is a clause.

Now where's the verb? Point to it and shout it out loud at me.

Three, two, one, fantastic.

Hid is a verb.

So the verb hid is in this group of words, that means it's a clause.

So a clause is a group of words containing a verb.

A simple sentence is one main clause.

What's the main clause? We know that a clause contains a verb.

What does it main clause do? Here's a little reminder.

We've got our Mr. Main, he can go around he's Batman, he can fly around Gotham City solving crimes all on his own.

Doesn't need anybody else to help him.

Just like Mr. Main, a main clause doesn't need anything else to help it make sense.

It makes sense all on its own.

So a simple sentence is one main clause.

Okay everybody, now that we've reminded ourselves of what a simple sentence is, I would like you to write a simple sentence about this image.

Here's some vocabulary that you might find helpful, but don't feel that you have to use it.

My turn, cobbled streets, your turn, great.

Slippery cobbles, your turn, well done.

Shone, your turn, fantastic.

Shone is the past tense of the word shine.

Here's my example, the slippery comma, cobbled streets shone like diamonds in the Moonlight, full stop.

In the Moonlight, I've highlighted that navy because it's a propositional phrase.

Remember we were talking a lot about prepositional phrases in some of our earlier lessons telling us where something is or where something happened.

I would like you to write your own simple sentence using a capital letter and they full stop about this image.

And you can magpie some of my vocabulary, but don't copy the whole thing because I bet your sentence will be incredibly creative if you have a go at writing your own one.

So pause the video while you do that now please.

Okay everyone, hopefully we've all paused the video.

Do a quick two finger check, put one finger on your capital letter and another finger on your full stop.

You got them both there, you remembered them.

If you forgotten, quickly add them in now.

And now I would like you to read your sentence aloud, using your actions for capital letter and full stop.

Let me hear you.

Absolutely fantastic, well done everybody.

I'm so impressed with the standard of learning going on in this lesson already.

So we talked a lot about our simple sentences, we've revisited what those are.

Now, can you remember what this visual shows? What type of sentence is this equation showing? Have some thinking time, think back to our grammar lesson, lesson three.

Have some more time if you need it by pausing the video.

If you've got it though, shout it out for me.

Excellent, this is a main clause plus another main clause which makes a compound sentence.

Well done, my turn, compound sentence.

Your tone, well done everybody.

So we have two main clauses join together in the middle and they make a compound sentence.

Can you remember how we join our simple sentences or our me and clauses to form a compound sentence.

Look at this visual to help you.

Here's an example of two simple sentences.

The cobbled streets shone in the moonlight full stop.

Overhead comma, dark clouds swirled angrily full stop.

I've got two simple sentences and I've got my little snake, my boa snake in the middle of them.

What are my conjunctions that I could use to join these two simple sentences? Have some thinking time.

If you can remember them, shut them out loud, there are three.

Well done if you remembered comma but, comma or, or and.

Those are my coordinating conjunctions.

My turn, coordinating conjunctions, your turn, fantastic.

We use coordinating conjunctions to join two simple sentences or two million clauses and they form a compound sentence.

So our three coordinating conjunctions are, but, or, or and.

Have think about which coordinating conjunction would work best? Comma but, comma or, or and.

Let's go through them together.

The cobbled streets shone in the Moonlight comma, but overhead comma, dark clouds swirled angrily.

What do you think? Correct or incorrect? Is it the most appropriate conjunction? No it's not the most appropriate conjunction that we could use.

Let's try another one.

The cobbled streets shone in the Moonlight comma, or overhead comma, dark clouds swirled angrily.

Correct or incorrect? Show me in three, two, one.

Well done, you're right again.

It's not the most appropriate conjunction to use.

Let's try and, the couple of streets shone in the Moonlight and overhead comma, dark clouds swirled angrily full stop.

What do you think? Appropriate or not appropriate? Three, two, one, show me.

Well done, excellent.

This is the most appropriate coordinating conjunction.

But why? How do we know when to use the most appropriate conjunction? So how do we know which coordinating conjunction to use? Have some thinking time.

What is the effect of using comma but, comma or, or and in a sentence? Have some time to think and pause the video now.

Okay everyone, hopefully we've all paused the video and we've all had a chance to think about how do we know which coordinating conjunction to use.

So let's start with comma but, we use but when we have two contrasting or different points.

We talked about that word contrast earlier on in our unit when we talked about Victorian London being a city of contrasts.

Contrast just means different.

So when we have two opposite or a different points, so for example, a positive point and a negative point, we would join them together with but because we're showing the contrast between the two things that you might not expect to happen together or that wouldn't normally go together.

So for example, I love swimming, but I don't like running.

I am showing two different or contrasting points.

So comma but is appropriate here.

Okay everybody, now that we've talked about why or when we use comma but, I would like you to write your own compound sentence using comma but as you're coordinating conjunction.

So remember we use it in a sentence where we express two contrasting or different or opposite points.

Here's my example still on the screen for you to use to help you.

And don't forget your capital letter and your full stop.

Pause the video now while you do that.

Well done everyone.

I'm sure we've all got some amazing sentences with comma but as a coordinating conjunction.

Now we're going to go with or, comma or.

so this is when we have two different options or choices.

Let me show you what I mean with an example, we could go to the park or to the cinema.

In this sentence I am giving my reader the choice between the park and the cinema.

They have two options are choices that they need to choose between.

So now I would like you to write your own compound sentence using comma or.

Remember two different options or choices in this sentence.

And always remember your capital letter on your full stop.

Pause the video while you do that please.

Well done everybody.

And finally we have got and, we do not need a comma before the word and.

This is our third and final coordinating conjunction in our boa.

This is when we link to similar points, maybe two positive points or two negative points that go together.

So for example, the clients began to gather and thunder rumbled across the sky.

These are two similar events that happened at the same time in the same setting.

I am listing two different things that happen together.

So I am going to join those two ideas, those two descriptions with the word and.

Now I would like you to write your own compound sentence using and as you're coordinating conjunction remembering your capital letter, your full stop.

And that brings us to the end of our session today everybody.

So just to recap what we did today, we learned about clauses, we revisited coordinating conjunctions.

Remind me one more time what are the three coordinating conjunctions, shout them out to me.

Fantastic, but, or, and.

And then we use that knowledge to write some simple and compound sentences, remembering our capital letters and our full stops.

I have been so impressed today everybody with your learning.

I'm so, so delighted that you've taken what we learned in our lesson three and we've developed it and we've deepened our knowledge of simple and compound sentences.

Next we're going to work on complex sentences when we go through our next session on sentence types.

And I know that you've got such a strong basis now in your simple and compound sentences that complex will be really, really straightforward for us to learn about.

Well done everybody and make sure that you post your learning on Twitter at the Oak National.

I would love to see some of your learning, well done.