Lesson video

Hello everyone, welcome to our next lesson of "Oliver Twist".

In our last lesson, Oliver joins Bill's Sikes on a dangerous robbery.

Oliver broke into the house and was then shot.

Bill Sikes grabbed Oliver, picked him up and run away, but Bill and Toby were then chased by all of the servants in the house, plus their dogs.

In order to save himself, Bill Sikes took Oliver's body and threw it into a ditch.

In today is extract, Oliver goes back to this family's house.

Will they accepted as a pitiful orphan in need of help? Or will they judge him as a dangerous criminal deserving punishment? We shall see, let's begin.

For today's lesson, you will need an exercise book or paper and a pen.

If you do not have this equipment, press the pause button on this video now, go and collect this equipment and then we will begin our lesson.

Let's begin with a recap from our last lesson.

Why does Bill Sikes become angry with Oliver during the burglary? You have four options.

Option one, Oliver wants to take the money for himself.

Option two, Oliver doesn't wants to Burgle the house.

Option three, Oliver is being too noisy or option four, Oliver keeps arguing with Bill.

Press the pause button on your video now and tell the screen the right answer.

The right answer is of course, option two.

Oliver doesn't want to Burgle the house.

Oliver is a good and innocent boy who does not want to commit this crime.

Well done if you got that right.

Now, you may have chosen one of the other options.

You may have chosen option one.

Oliver wants to take the money for himself, but as I said, that is not in Oliver's character.

Oliver is not a criminal and Oliver does not want to take part in this burglary at all, let alone take the money for himself.

You may have chosen option three, Oliver is being too noisy.

That's not quite right.

In fact, Oliver is so scared, that he struggles to speak at all.

And you may have chosen option four, Oliver keeps arguing with Bill and as I said, Oliver is so scared right now and so intimidated by Bill, but he does not have the strength to argue with this villain.

I will explain our plan for today's lesson.

First of all, we will learn about the words, prejudice and empathy.

We will then read our extract and then we will analyse Rose's empathy towards Oliver.

Let's begin, now to understand our extract for today, you need to understand these two words, prejudice and empathy.

If you're prejudiced against a person or group, you negatively judged them without knowing them.

Just by looking at this word, we can have a good guess at its meaning.

That word prejudice looks very similar to the words pre-judge.

If you have prejudice against someone, you pre-judge them without knowing them.

Let's take a level look at a definition of this word before we test your memory.

If you are prejudiced against a person or group, you negatively judged them without knowing them.

Let's now test your memory.

Tell the screen this sentence, filling in the gaps.

Off you go.

Let's now take a look at the answer.

If you are prejudiced against a person or group, you negatively judged them without knowing them.

Well done if you got that right.

Let's now take a look at some examples of prejudice.

The shopkeeper threw the teenagers out of the store even though they had done nothing wrong.

He assumed they were shoplifters, because of their age.

The shopkeeper was prejudiced against teenagers.

The shopkeeper throws these teenagers out of his store, even though they've done nothing wrong.

He judges them negatively without knowing them.

He assumes that they're shoplifters simply because they're teenagers.

It is clear that this shoplifter is prejudiced against these teenagers.

Mike had never met Pete before, but Mike felt prejudiced against Pete, because he came from a rough part of town.

In this example, Mike judges Pete negatively without knowing him.

Mike judge's Pete, simply because Pete comes from a rough part of town.

Mike is prejudiced against Pete.

Christina did not get the job, even though she was by far the best candidate.

She realised that the employers were prejudiced against her, because she was a woman.

Christina should get this job, because she's the best candidate.

However, these employers have negatively judged her, they've had prejudice against her simply because she's a woman.

Some people are prejudiced against others, because of their skin colour.

And some people are prejudiced against others, because of their religion.

Other people are prejudice against others, because of their sexuality.

Let's now test your understanding of this idea.

Which person is prejudiced? Option one, Astrid dislikes Bruce, because he was rude to her in the past.

Option two, Zac had never tried fudge, but assumed he would love it.

Option three, because Arjun went to Greenway High School, Dembe refused to talk to him.

And option four, "I've never been to an opera before," said Leo.

"So I don't know what I think of it." Which person is prejudiced? Press the pause button on your video now and tell the screen the right answer.

I will now tell you the right answer, which is of course, option three.

Because Arjun went to Greenway High School, Dembe refused to talk to him.

Dembe clearly does not know Arjun, but Dembe negatively judges Arjun simply because he went to Greenway High School.

Dembe is prejudiced against Arjun.

Now some of you, well done, if you got that right.

Some of you may have chosen one of the other options.

You may have chosen option one, Astrid dislikes Bruce, because he was rude to her in the past.

Now Astrid does negatively judge Bruce, but she is not prejudiced against Bruce, because Astrid dislikes Bruce, because she knows him.

She knows that he's been very rude to her.

Astrid does not judge Bruce without knowing him and therefore we cannot say that Astrid is prejudiced against Bruce.

Now you may have chosen option two, Zac had never tried fudge, but assumed he would love it.

Now Zac positively judges fudge without knowing it, but that is not prejudice.

Prejudice is when you negatively judge someone or something without knowing them.

Therefore, we cannot describe Zac as prejudiced against fudge.

And you may have chosen option four, Leo has never been to the opera before and he says that he does not know what he thinks of it.

Leo has never been to the opera, but he does not judge it at all, therefore we cannot describe Leo as prejudiced against the opera.

Well done again if you've got that right.

Now throughout the novel, characters have been prejudiced against Oliver, because he is a poor orphan.

They judge Oliver without knowing him simply because he is poor and he is an orphan.

In the workhouse, you may remember about the workhouse board, judged Oliver negatively, simply because he asked for more gruel.

These board members assumed that Oliver Would it become a dangerous criminal on tongue, but they did not know Oliver at all.

They did not know that he is in fact, a very good and innocent boy.

The workhouse board members are prejudiced against Oliver.

In the Sowerberry's, Oliver was locked in the cellar.

Mr. Sowerberry and Mr. Bumble accused Oliver of being a dangerous rebel, but again, they did not know that Oliver was actually a very good innocent boy trying to defend himself against Noah Claypole.

These characters were clearly prejudiced against Oliver.

They judged him negatively without knowing him.

And in the courtroom.

Mr. Fang, the magistrate was prejudiced against Oliver as well.

Mr. Fang accused Oliver of stealing the handkerchief and being a criminal even though there was no evidence to prove this.

Once again, Mr. Fang demonstrates prejudice, because he judged Oliver as a criminal without even knowing him.

While some characters have been prejudiced against Oliver, other characters have displayed empathy towards Oliver.

Let's now take a look at the second word empathy and learn it's definition.

Empathy is the ability to put yourself in someone else's shoes and imagine how they might be feeling.

Let's read this definition for a second time.

Empathy is the ability to put yourself in someone else's shoes and imagine how they might be feeling.

Let's now test your memory on this definition.

Tell your screen this definition, filling in the key words.

Off you go.

Let's now take a look at the definition again.

Empathy is the ability to put yourself in someone else's shoes and imagine how they might be feeling.

And if you have empathy with someone, you are empathising with them.

Let's now take a look at some different examples of this word.

Fiona always felt empathy for the homeless.

She always imagined how awful it must be just to sleep out on the streets during cold winter nights.

Fiona is putting herself in the shoes of the homeless people.

She is imagining how difficult their lives must be.

Fiona is displaying empathy for the homeless.

Cheng did not participate as the rest of the class teased Steve.

Cheng empathised with how difficult it must be to arrive to school every day and suffer such bullying.

In this situation, Cheng is putting himself in Steve's shoes.

He's imagining how hard life must be for Steve with all the bullying that he faces from his classmates.

Cheng is empathising with Steve.

As a pupil who effortlessly won top marks in every exam, Kofi struggled to empathise with his classmates who had to work very hard just to pass.

Because Kofi does not need to work at all hard to pass each exam, he struggles to put himself in the shoes of his classmates.

He struggles to imagine how difficult it must be for them having to work very hard just to pass each test.

Kofi struggles to empathise with his classmates.

Okay, let's now test your understanding of this idea.

Which person is displaying empathy? Option one, Cynthia gave her sister chocolate.

Option two, Georgie imagined what it would be like to ride a flying carpet.

Option three, David imagine how nervous his son must be before his first day of school.

David made a big effort to reassure his son that everything would be okay.

And option four, even though my leg was broken, my basketball coach screamed, "Just get over it and keep playing." Press the pause button on your video now and tell the screen the right answer.

Which person is displaying empathy? I will now tell you the right answer, which is of course, option three.

David is displaying empathy.

He is putting himself in the shoes of his son.

He is imagining how nervous his son must be before his first day of school and therefore is trying to make a big effort to reassure his son that everything would be okay.

David is displaying empathy for his son.

Well done if you got that right.

Now, some of you might've chosen one of the other options.

You may have chosen option one, Cynthia gave her sister chocolate.

Now Cynthia is being very loving towards her sister, but that's not quite same thing as displaying empathy for her sister.

Empathy is when you put yourself in someone else's shoes and imagine what life must be like for them.

We don't necessarily know, that Cynthia is displaying empathy for her sister.

You may have chosen option two, Georgie imagined what it would be like to ride a flying carpet.

So Georgie is imagining something here.

She's imagining what it would be like to ride a flying carpet, but she is not feeling empathy.

She is not imagining what it would be like to be in the shoes of another person.

And you may have chosen option four.

In this situation here, the basketball coach is actually displaying the opposite of empathy.

The basketball coach does not recognise or ignores the fact that he's broken his leg and instead screams at this person that they needs to keep playing.

If the basketball coach puts himself in the shoes of this player, I'm sure he would have far more sympathy for him.

Now, Mr. Brownlow clearly empathised with Oliver during the court case.

Mr. Brownlow kept asking for water to be given to Oliver, to prevent him from fainting.

In other words, Mr. Brownlow puts himself in Oliver shoes.

He imagined what it would be like to be Oliver and he understood that Oliver must be very thirsty and very tired and desperately in need of some water.

Mr. Brownlow empathised with Oliver.

So in a minute we're going to read an extract.

As you read, think about this question.

In this extract, which person displays empathy for Oliver? I'll now give you some background to this extract.

The night before this extract, Oliver was involved in a burglary of this house.

Now Oliver was shot and he was carried out of the house by Bill Sikes.

But Bill Sikes abandoned Oliver in a ditch by the road very close to this house.

Well, Oliver wakes up the next morning and crawls back to this house that he and Bill and Toby help Burgle.

Now Oliver is very weak and still wounded by being shot.

He arrives at the doorstep and knocks the door.

The residents of the house are shocked to find Oliver.

They recognise him as the young burglar who they shot earlier on, the night before.

Now there's two very important characters in this house that you need to know about.

First of all, there is Mrs. Maylie.

Mrs. Maylie is a very kind old women.

Now a long, long time ago, Mrs. Maylie found a young orphan called Rose and Mrs. Maylie accepted Rose into her family.

Mrs. Maylie adopted Rose.

So Rose is an orphan adopted by Mrs. Maylie.

Rose is now 17 years old and the very kind girl.

Which character do you think would be able to empathise with Oliver, why? That word empathising means, which character would be best suited to put themselves in Oliver's shoes and imagine what sort of life he lives.

Now, I'm sure the answer you thought of is Rose, because Rose, just like Oliver is an orphan.

Now a conversation begins on whether this family should accept Oliver into the house or take Oliver to prison.

Should they look after this orphan or should they treat Oliver like a criminal deserving punishment.

Now Rose attempts to persuade Mrs. Maylie that they should accept Oliver into their family and look after him, rather than taking him to jail.

This is what Rose says, "Even if he has been wicked," pursued Rose, "Think how young he is." "Think that he may never have known a mother's love" "or the comfort of a home; that's ill-usage and the blows," "or the want of bread," "may have driven him to herd with men" "who have forced him to guilt." "Aunt, dear aunt, for mercy's sake, think of this," "before you let them drag the sick child to a prison," "which in any case" "must be the grave of all his chances of amendment." "Oh, as you love me" "and know that I have never felt the want of parents" "in your goodness and affection," "but that I might have done so," "and might have been equally helpless and unprotected," "with this poor child," "have pity upon him before it is too late!" And these persuasive words make Mrs. Maylie decide to take Oliver into their family.

Oliver spends the rest of the summer in Mrs. Maylie's house under the care of Mrs. Maylie and Rose.

This is the first time that Oliver has been welcomed into a family.

Let's now test your understanding of this extract.

Question one, who owns the house that Sikes attempted to Burgle? I'll give you a clue, Mrs. M.

Again, it's a month of a year after April, Mrs. M.

It is of course, Mrs. Maylie.

Mrs. Maylie owns the house that Sikes attempted to Burgle.

Question two, which young lady lives at Mrs. Maylie's house? I'll give you a clue, this lady is an orphan.

She's got a name like a flower.

It's Mrs. R, it's of course Rose.

Rose lives at Mrs. Maylie's house.

Question three, how is Rose similar to Oliver? I'll give you a clue.

Neither Rose or Oliver have parents.

Both of them are o.

Both of them are of course orphans, both Rose and Oliver are orphans.

Question four, what does Rose persuade Mrs. Maylie to do? What does Rose persuade Mrs. Maylie to do? I'll give you a clue.

She persuades Mrs. Maylie not to take Oliver prison as punishment for burgling the house.

What does she persuade Mrs. Maylie to do instead? Rose persuades Mrs. Maylie to look after Oliver rather than sending him to prison for the burglary.

Well done if you got all of those right.

Let's now analyse Rose's empathy towards Oliver, by looking at the speech in a bit more detail.

Let's first of all look at this quotation here.

This is what Rose says, "Think that he may never have known a mother's love" "or the comfort of a home; that's ill-usage." That phrase ill-usage means that people have been cruel or nasty to Oliver.

"And blows or the want of bread" "may have driven him to herd with men" "who have forced him to guilt." So, Rose is here attempting to empathise with Oliver.

She is imagining what sort of difficult life Oliver must have lived as a poor orphan.

She is putting herself in Oliver's shoes.

And she is imagining all the hardships that Oliver must've faced in his life.

She talks about how it must've felt to never know a mother's love or the comfort of the home or all the ill-usage and blows, Oliver's faced all the cruelty from other people or the want of the bread, all the hunger that Oliver must've faced as he's growing up as a young, poor orphan.

And this is what Rose says next.

She says that all these terrible things, all these terrible experiences may have driven Oliver to herd with men who have forced him to guilt.

In other words, all of these terrible experiences may have forced Oliver to join criminals, to herd with men who have forced him to guilt.

In other words, Rose is suggesting that Oliver has joined criminals, because of his circumstances not his character.

In Rose's view, it's not Oliver's character which is to blame.

Oliver did not join criminals, because he's evil or immoral.

Oliver has joined criminals, because he's been forced to, because of his desperate circumstances.

Press the pause button on your video now and take some notes upon this quotation.

In a few minutes time, you will answer some questions upon this.

Off you go.

Let's now take a look at our second quotation.

Once again, these words display Rose's empathy for Oliver.

Let's read, "I have never felt the want of parents" "in your goodness and affection," "but that I might have done so," "and might have been equally helpless and unprotected" "with this poor child." So Rose is here putting herself in Oliver's shoes.

She is relating her experience to Oliver's experience.

She suggests, "I might have done so" "and might've been equally helpless and unprotected" "with this poor child." In other words, Rose is suggesting that if it has not been for Mrs. Maylie's love and care, she might've ended up just as helpless and unprotected and desperate as Oliver.

In other words, Rose realises that she could have been in Oliver's position.

She could have been just as poor and desperate and lonely as Oliver, if it had not been for Mrs. Maylie's support.

Press the pause button on this video now and take some notes upon this quotation.

Off you go.

And now let's complete some sentences.

Complete the sentences.

Number one, Rose suggests that the difficulties in Oliver's life may have forced him to.

Number two, Rose naturally empathises with Oliver because.

Number three, Rose will not judge Oliver because.

And here are some key words that you can use in your answers.

You do not need to use all of these key words.

Just try to use a few of them.

Press the pause button on your video now and complete these sentences in your book or on your page.

Off you go.

Let's now take a look at some exemplar answers.

Acceptable answers, number one, Rose suggests that the difficulties in Oliver's life may have forced him to begin a life of crime.

Number two, Rose naturally empathises with Oliver, because she is an orphan too.

Number three, Rose will not judge Oliver, because she recognises how easily she could have been placed in similarly difficult position as this orphan.

And here are good answers.

Rose suggests that the difficulties in Oliver's life may have forced him to begin associating with criminals, even though he may be, by nature, an innocent child.

Number two, Rose naturally empathises with Oliver, because she knows from her own experience as an orphan, how difficult life can be for these outcasts of society.

As number three, Rose will not judge Oliver, because she recognises that, in the absence of Mrs. Maylie's support, she could have been placed in similarly desperate situation in which a life of crime may have offered the only means of survival.

Well done for all of your hard work and that brings us to the end of our lesson.

Well done for all of your amazing work today.

In our next lesson, a mysterious stranger arrives in Oliver's life.

I'll see you next time.

And before you leave, make sure you complete the quiz on all the learning that you've done today.