Lesson video

Hello, everyone.

Welcome to our next lesson of "Oliver Twist".

In our last lesson, Jack Dawkins brought Oliver to Fagin's property in London.

And while Oliver is accepted by Fagin and his group of children, something is not right.

There's handkerchiefs all around the walls that these children have stolen, and Fagin is a filthy, greasy, repulsive man.

It is clear that Oliver has fallen in with a group of criminals.

Oliver is in great danger, but he does not know it.

In today's lesson, Fagin tries to train Oliver for his gang.

Let's begin.

For today's lesson, you will need an exercise book or paper and a pen.

If you do not have this equipment, press the pause button on your video now, go and collect this equipment, and then we will begin our lesson.

Let's begin with a recap from our last lesson.

Here is a question for you.

How does Fagin make money? Option one, selling handkerchiefs, option two, making sausages, option three, using his gang of children to steal, or option four, looking after orphans.

press the pause button on your video now, and tell the screen the right answer.

I will now tell you the right answer, which is of course, option three.

Fagin makes money through using his gang of children to steal.

Now, some of you might have chosen some of the other options.

Some of you might have chosen option one, Fagin makes money through selling handkerchiefs, but this is not true.

Fagin doesn't make money through selling handkerchiefs.

In fact, Fagin makes money through helping his gang steal handkerchiefs.

Some of you might've chosen option two.

Fagin makes money through making sausages.

That's not quite true.

The reason that you might have thought this is because when Fagin is first introduced in our story, he is frying sausages with the toasting fork.

Now some of you also might have chosen option four.

Fagin makes money through looking after orphans.

This is not true.

Fagin does not look after orphans at all.

In fact, Fagin employs vulnerable children and orphans like Oliver for criminal activity in order to gather possessions for himself.

Well done if you got that right.

I will now explain our plan for today's lesson.

We will begin by learning about the word naive.

After that, we will read our extract, and then we will analyse our extract.

Let's begin.

Let's first of all learn about this word naive, because this word's very important to understand for our extract.

Someone is naive if they don't have experience and knowledge of how complicated life can be and therefore trust people too much.

This might remind you of a character in "Oliver Twist".

We'll come back to that later on.

I'll now give you some examples of sentences that have this word naive in them.

Young children often have a naive trust in adults.

Young children are inexperienced, and therefore they do not know that adults can be dangerous.

They therefore often place too much trust in adults.

We can thus describe young children as naive when they place too much trust in adults.

As a child, I naively believed that I should be everyone's friend.

And this example demonstrates that often when we are very young, we are inexperienced in this topic of friendships.

We do not understand that some friendships can have a bad influence on us, and therefore, we are too trusting of people and try to make friends with people far too quickly.

In this example, as a child, I was naive, because I tried to become everyone's friend.

Here's another example.

I became a teacher with the naive idea that my pupils would follow the rules if I was simply friendly to them.

In this example, because I was inexperienced as a teacher, I placed too much trust in my pupils.

I believed that they would follow the rules if I was simply friendly to them.

I was not experienced enough to understand that pupils need lots of rewards and sanctions to motivate them to behave.

When I began teaching, I was naive, because of my lack of experience in this job.

Now, Oliver is naive throughout our story.

Here's one example.

Oliver naively asks for more gruel from the workhouse master.

Oliver asks for more gruel, because he is young and inexperienced.

He therefore does not understand that the workhouse master is in fact a very cruel and nasty man.

Oliver is too trusting of the workhouse master.

Oliver assumes that the workhouse master will want him to be well fed.

Oliver is therefore naive when he asks for more gruel from this individual.

Here's another example of Oliver being naive.

Oliver naively follows Jack Dawkins back to London.

Once again, because Oliver is young and inexperienced, he often too easily places his trust in strangers.

In this example, Oliver naively places his trust in Jack Dawkins and follows the strange boy back to London.

Oliver is acting in a very naive way here, because he's never even met Jack Dawkins before.

And he does not know what Jack Dawkins is really like as a person.

Here's another example.

Oliver naively stays with Fagin and his gang.

Once again, Oliver, because he is young and inexperienced, he places too much trust in the people around him.

Oliver decides to stay with Fagin and his gang without realising that Fagin and his gang are in fact dangerous criminals.

In this situation, Oliver is behaving very naively.

As you're going to see in our extract too, Oliver will continue to act in a very naive way at different parts in our story.

I now want to test your understanding of this idea of being naive.

Here's a question.

Which person is acting naively? You have four options.

Option one, even though Gretel was 16, she was selected for the women's football team.

Is Gretel naive? Option two, maths was Munira's worst subject.

She failed the exam every year.

Is Murina naive? Option three, upon joining his new school, Raphael was friendly to his new classmates.

Is Rafael naive? And option four, Karsten decided to walk through an unsafe part of town late at night by himself.

Is Karsten naive? You can now press the pause button on your video and tell the screen the right answer, which person is acting naively.

The right answer is of course option four.

Karsten is acting in a very naive way through making this decision to walk through an unsafe part of town late at night by himself.

It is clear that Karsten does not have the experience or the knowledge to keep himself safe at nighttime.

He is putting himself in a very dangerous position by walking through this unsafe part of town late at night by himself.

Karsten is naive.

Now some of you might have chosen some of the other examples, some of the other options.

Some of you might have chosen option one.

You may have chosen option one because Gretel is very young.

Gretel is 16 and joins a women's English football team.

But just because you are young does not mean that you naive.

Just because you're young does not mean that you trust people too easily.

Naive people are often young, because they do not have much experience and much knowledge, but that does not necessarily mean that all naive people are young.

Some of you might have also chosen option two.

You may have chosen option two, because Murina is not very talented at maths.

She fails the exam every year.

But not being talented at something does not mean that you are naive.

In fact, you can be a very talented person and still be naive.

You can be very intelligent and very clever and very talented, but still place your trust all too easily in people.

Some of you might have also chosen option three, because Rafael is very friendly to his new classmates.

But being friendly does not mean that you are naive.

You may be friendly but still are careful not to place your trust in people too easily.

We cannot therefore describe Rafael as a naive person.

Well done if you got that right.

Now make up your own sentence that uses the word naive.

Press the pause button on this video and write this sentence down on your page or in your book.

Off you go.

I will now prepare you for reading our extract.

There's two quick things that you need to know if you're going to understand this part of the book.

First of all, a pickpocket.

A pickpocket is someone who steals items from a person's pockets without them noticing.

This person is a criminal and a thief.

In this extract, we learn that Fagin's gang are pickpockets.

Here's our next word, miser.

A miser is someone who stores up lots of money or possession for themselves and spends as little as possible.

A miser will enjoy hoarding lots of possessions and wealth and will spend as little of this money and wealth as possible.

In our extract, we learn that Fagin is a miser.

Fagin has lots of valuable possessions, which he loves looking at, but Fagin also spends as little as possible.

At the beginning of this extract, Oliver wakes up from a deep sleep.

The room is empty apart from one person, Fagin.

Now Fagin is making coffee, but he's carefully looking around, making sure that no one else is watching him.

Fagin then opens the trap door and brings out a box of jewellery.

He takes like these watches and broaches and rings, and he gazes at them in love.

The man is obsessed with these objects, but Fagin then catches Oliver watching him.

Oliver is in grave danger.

Let's read.

"It was late next morning when Oliver awoke from a sound long sleep.

There was no other person in the room but Fagin who was boiling some coffee in a saucepan for breakfast.

When the coffee was done, Fagin drew the saucepan to the.

Standing then in an irresolute indecisive attitude for a few minutes as if he did not know how to employ himself, he turned round, looked at Oliver, and called him by his name.

'Oliver, are you awake?' Oliver did not answer and was to all appearances asleep.

Fagin next stepped gently to the door, which he fastened.

He clearly did not want to be seen or heard.

He then drew forth as it seemed to Oliver from some trap door, a small box, which he placed carefully on the table.

His eyes glistened as he raised the lid and looked in.

Dragging an old chair to the table, he sat down and took from a box a dozen objects.

Each watch sparkling with jewels.

There were rings, brooches, bracelets, and other articles of jewellery of such magnificent materials and costly workmanship that Oliver had no idea even of their names.

'Such lovely jewellery.

All for me, all for Fagin in his old age.

It's a secret.

All my secret.

Let's not let the others know.

' Suddenly Fagin's bright dark eyes fell on Oliver's face.

The boy's eyes were fixed on his in mute curiosity, and though the recognition was only for an instance, for the briefest space of time that can possibly be imagined, it was enough to show the old man that he had been observed.

Fagin closed the lid of the box with a loud crash, and laying his hand on the bread knife, which was on the table, standing furiously up, he trembled very much through, for even in his terror, Oliver could see but the knife quivered in the air.

'What's that?' said Fagin.

'Why did you watch me for? Why are you awake? What have you seen? Speak up boy.

Quick, quick for your life.

' 'I wasn't able to sleep any longer, sir,' replied Oliver meekly.

'I am very sorry if I have disturbed you, sir.

' 'You were not awake an hour ago?' said Fagin, scouring fiercely on the boy.

'No, no, indeed," replied Oliver.

'Are you sure?' cried Fagin with a still fiercer look than before in a threatening attitude.

'Upon my word, I was not, sir," replied Oliver earnestly.

'I was not indeed sir.

' 'Ah, tush tush my dear," said Fagin, abruptly resuming his old manner and playing with the knife a little before he laid it down as if to induce the belief that he had caught it up in mere sport.

'Of course I know that my dear.

I only tried to frighten you.

You're a brave boy.

You're a brave boy Oliver'.

Fagin rubbed his hands with the chuckle but glanced uneasily at the box not withstanding.

'Did you, did you see any of these pretty things my dear?' said Fagin laying his hands upon the box after a short pause.

'Yes, sir," replied Oliver.

'Ah,' said Fagin turning rather pale.

'They, they're mine Oliver, my little secret property.

All I have to live upon in my old age.

The folks call me a miser my dear.

Only a miser, that's all.

' Later in the day, Dodger returned accompanied by a very energetic young friend called Charley Bates.

The four sat down to breakfast, which consisted of hot rolls, coffee, and ham, which the Dodger had brought home in the crown of his hat.

'Well?' said Fagin glancing slightly at Oliver and addressing himself to the Dodger.

'I hope you've been at work this morning my dears.

' 'Hard,' replied the Dodger.

'As nails,' added Charley Bates.

'Good boys, good boys,' said, Fagin.

'What have you got Dodger?' 'A couple of pocket books,' replied that young gentlemen.

'Not so heavy as they might be,' said Fagin, after looking at the books carefully; 'but very neat and nicely made.

Ingenious workman, ain't he, Oliver?' 'Very indeed, sir,' said Oliver.

At which Mr. Charles Bates laughed uproariously; very much to the amazement of Oliver, who saw nothing to laugh at, in anything that had passed.

'And what have you got my dear?' said Fagin to Charley Bates.

'Wipes,' replied Master Bates, at the same time producing four pocket handkerchiefs.

'Well,' said Fagin inspecting them closely.

'They're very good ones.

Very.

You haven't marked them well though, Charley, so the marks shall be picked out with a needle, and we'll teach Oliver how to do it.

Oliver?'.

'If you please, sir.

' 'You'd like to be able to make pocket-handkerchiefs as easily as Charley Bates, wouldn't you my dear?' said Fagin.

'Very much, indeed, if you'll teach me, sir,' replied Oliver.

Master Bates saw something so exquisitely ludicrous in Oliver's reply that he burst into another laugh.

'He's so jolly green,' said Charley when he recovered, as an apology to the company for his unpolite behaviour.

The Dodger said nothing, but he smoothed Oliver's hair over his eyes and said, 'He'll know better by and by.

' When the breakfast was cleared away, the merry old gentleman and the two boys played at a very curious and uncommon game, which was performed in this way.

The merry old gentleman, Fagin, placed a snuffbox in one pocket of his trousers, a note case in the other, and a watch in his waistcoat pocket, with a guard-chain round his neck, and sticking a mock diamond pin in his shirt, buttoned his coat tight round him, and putting his spectacle-case and handkerchief in his pockets, trotted up and down the room in an imitation of an old gentleman walking through streets at any hour of the day.

Sometimes he stopped at the fireplace, and sometimes at the door, making believe that he was staring with all his might into the shop windows.

At such times, he would look constantly around him for fear of thieves and would keep slapping all his pockets in turn to see that he hadn't lost anything, in such a very funny and natural manner, that Oliver laughed till the tears ran down his face.

All this time, the two boys followed him closely about, getting out of his sight so nimbly every time he turned around that it was impossible to follow their motions.

At last, the Dodger trod upon his toes or ran up on his boot accidentally while Charley Bates stumbled up against them behind, and in that one moment, they took from him with the most extraordinary rapidity, snuffbox, note case, watch guard, chain, short pin, pocket handkerchief, even the spectacle case.

If the old gentleman felt a hand in any one of his pockets, he cried out where it was.

And then the game began all over again." That was a disturbing extract.

Firstly, Fagin caught Oliver staring at him with his jewellery.

And Fagin's first reaction was to grab his knife and threaten Oliver.

For just a few seconds, we see what Fagin is like underneath the surface.

Fagin is a violent, selfish man who is willing to kill anyone to get his own way.

But then Fagin suddenly switches back to his previous cheerful and jolly behaviour.

I don't trust this man.

Next, Jack and Charley return from their pickpocketing.

Oliver is very impressed.

He thinks that they have made their handkerchiefs and their books.

Next Fagin continues training Charley and Jack for their pickpocketing.

He pretends that he's an old man wandering about the streets, and they have to steal items from his pockets.

Oliver thinks this is hilarious game.

He's laughing, he's enjoying himself.

Little does Oliver know that Fagin is training these boys for criminal behaviour.

As usual, Oliver does not have a clue about what is going on.

Right, let's now test your understanding of that extract.

Question one, upon waking up, Oliver watches Fagin admiring which objects? I'll give you a clue.

These objects are very valuable.

It is of course, jewellery.

Upon waking up, Oliver watches Fagin admiring his jewellery.

Question two, what game does Fagin play with Jack and Charley? I'll give you a clue.

This game involves training Jack and Charlie for a specific job.

It is of course, them trying to pick items out of Fagin's pockets as he pretends to be an old man.

Jack and Charley try to take items from Fagin without him noticing.

Question three, what is Fagin training Oliver for? I'll give you a clue.

It is a type of criminal activity in which you take items from people without them realising.

It is of course pickpocketing.

Fagin is training these boys for pickpocketing.

Well done if you've got those right.

Let's now begin our analysis of this extract.

I want us to consider this question.

How does Dickens present Oliver as naive in this extract? We're going to look at two main ways that we can see Oliver's naivety.

Here's the table.

On the left hand column, we have this question, what does Oliver think is happening.

And on the right hand column, we have the question what is happening.

We're going to use this table to demonstrate that Oliver does not understand the situation that he has found himself in.

We'll use this table to demonstrate that Oliver is naive.

Here's an example.

Oliver agrees that Dodger and Charley are ingenious workmen for making two pocket books and the handkerchiefs.

So Oliver is very impressed by Dodger and Charley here.

He thinks that they are ingenious workmen, that word ingenious means very clever.

And why does he think they're so clever? He thinks they're very clever, because they have made the two pocketbooks and the handkerchiefs.

Of course, as the reader, we know that Dodger and Charley have not made the pocketbooks and the handkerchiefs at all.

In fact, Dodger and Charley actually stole these items. We can see from this table that there is a big difference between what Oliver thinks is happening and what is actually happening.

This demonstrates Oliver's naivety.

First of all, he does not spot the clear signs that Dodger and Charley are engaged in criminal behaviour.

And secondly, Oliver does also not recognise the signs that Dodger, Charley, and Fagin are lying to him as well.

Oliver clearly has far too much trust in these individuals.

This is a clear reflection of Oliver's naivety.

Press the pause button on this video now and copy this table into your page or into your book and take notes upon these ideas.

Off you go.

Let's now do some writing on these ideas.

Complete the sentences.

Oliver thinks that Charley and Dodger are ingenious workmen for making pocket books and handkerchiefs, but, and then you will fill in the rest of that sentence.

This reflects Oliver's naivety, because, then you will complete that sentence.

Press the pause button on your video now and write out these sentences in your book or on your page.

Off you go.

Let's now take a look at some exemplar answers.

Here's an acceptable answer.

Oliver thinks that Charley and Dodger are ingenious workmen for making pocketbooks and handkerchiefs, but they have in fact stolen these items. This reflects Oliver's naivety, because he is quick to admire these boys without recognising their criminal activity.

And here is our good answer.

Oliver thinks that Charley and Dodger are ingenious workmen for making pocketbooks and handkerchiefs, but they have in fact stolen these items. This reflects Oliver's naivety, because he displays a blind admiration for these boys without recognising the clear indications of a criminal activity.

Let's now take a look at our next example of Oliver's naivety.

We have the same table as we used in the last example here.

On the left hand side, we've got the question what does Oliver think is happening.

And on the right hand side, we have the question what is happening.

Once again, we're going to demonstrate that Oliver does not understand the situation and that Oliver is naive.

Oliver laughs as he watches Dodger and Charley play a funny game in which they try to take items from Fagin without him noticing.

So Oliver thinks this is a very funny game.

Three characters are playing.

However, for us as the reader, we know that something far more sinister and evil is happening here.

Fagin is actually training Dodger and Charley for pickpocketing members of the public.

But Oliver does not understand this.

We can therefore say that Oliver is naive through this example.

Oliver does not recognise the obvious signs that Fagin is training Dodger and Charley for pickpocketing.

In fact, we could say that Oliver is displaying his far too much trust in Fagin.

Oliver assumes the best about Fagin here.

He thinks that Fagin is enjoying displaying his care and love for Charley and Jack.

Oliver assumes that Fagin is playing with Charley and Jack in the same way as a father might play with his kids.

Of course, as the reader, we know that Oliver is wrong.

Fagin is not displaying any care or love for these two children at all.

In fact, Fagin is exerting a very corrupting and dangerous influence in these two boys' lives.

He is taking these young impressionable boys and is turning them into criminals.

Oliver's lack of understanding of the situation once again displays his naivety.

Press the pause button on your video now and take some notes upon these ideas in your book or on your page.

Off you go.

Let's now do some writing on these ideas.

Complete the sentences.

Even though Fagin is training Charley and Dodger how to become pickpockets comma, remember the comma there, but then complete that sentence.

This reflects Oliver's naivety, because, press the pause button on your video now and fill in these sentences.

Off you go.

Let's now take a look at some exemplars.

Here's our acceptable answer.

Even though Fagin is training Charley and Dodger how to become pickpockets, Oliver thinks that this is just a funny game.

This reflects Oliver's naivety, because he doesn't recognise the clear signs that this activity is in fact teaching the boys criminal behaviour.

And here is our good answer.

Even though Fagin is training Charley and Dodger how to become pickpockets, Oliver thinks that this is just a funny game.

This reflects Oliver's naivety, because he thinks Fagin is displaying a nurturing affection, while this criminal is in fact exerting a poisonous and corrupting influence upon these children.

Now, if you would like, you can now do our extension task.

You can write a paragraph or an essay on the question above.

How does Dickens present Oliver as naive in this extract? If you would like to complete this extension task, press the pause button on your video now and write this answer in your books or on your page, Off you go.

And that brings us to the end of today's lesson.

Well done for all of your amazing work.

In our next lesson, Oliver is arrested.

Things are going to get a little bit crazy.

I'll see you next time.

And before you leave, make sure you complete our quiz.