Lesson video

Hello again.

Miss Brinkworth here.

And I've got another riddle for you.

What am I? I'm tall when I'm young, and I'm short when I'm old.

I'm a candle.

Shall we get today's learning? Today, we're moving on with our work on angles, lines, and we're moving on to looking at rectangles and squares.

I'm sure you have seen rectangles and squares before.

And today, we're going to look at them in a lot of detail, and you're going to be able to explain very clearly what they are.

So as usual, let's just have a quick look at what you need for today's lesson.

So just a pen or pencil and something to write on.

And, again, if you've still got it or make another one, that really useful angle checker from our previous lessons will be really useful.

Okay, wonderful.

Let's move on to this warmup, then.

We have a question here.

Is this true or false? A triangle can include parallel or perpendicular lines.

So think about a triangle.

I'm going to be nice and give you some examples here for you to have a look at.

So can a triangle include parallel and perpendicular lines? What can you remember about parallel and perpendicular lines? Have a go.

Use those triangles to help you.

So how did you do? Well done.

Let's have a look.

Can triangles include parallel and perpendicular lines? Well, we need to remember what those are, don't we? Now, parallel lines are those train tracks that don't move closer together or further apart.

They stay an equal distance apart.

Perpendicular are those ones that meet at a right angle.

Can a triangle include these? Can it include parallel or perpendicular lines? Hmm.

I'm pretty sure that a triangle can include perpendicular but it can't include parallel lines.

If I think about my parallel lines, two of them, I can't turn those two lines into a triangle in any way.

I could put a top on, a bottom on and make a rectangle, but I can't make a triangle with parallel lines.

So well done, year three, if you saw that that statement is false.

We can only make perpendicular lines.

Can you remember which special triangle includes perpendicular lines? Look at those triangles there.

Which colour triangle includes perpendicular lines? Shout it at the screen if you'd like to.

It is the purple one.

The purple triangle includes perpendicular lines in that corner where it looks like the corner of square.

That's the perpendicular lines on that triangle.

And if you remember, those triangles are called right-angle triangles because they include those perpendicular lines at a right angle.

Really well done if you got that.

You've obviously really listened carefully and learned a lot about parallel and perpendicular over the last few lessons.

Okay.

Here are our Star Words for today.

There are some new ones in there, so listen carefully and repeat them back to me if you can.

Rectangle, square, side, straight, vertex and vertices, right angle, quadrilateral.

So we've got quite a lot of new vocabulary there.

We're really going to be focusing today on rectangles, quadrilaterals, and squares.

And don't worry if you're not quite sure what those mean just yet.

I promise you will by the end of the lesson.

Okay, let's learn.

Have a think about these shapes.

Tell me something that's the same about them all and something which is different about them all.

Hmm.

Something that's different.

They're all different colours.

They're all different sizes.

And they're slightly different shapes, aren't they? We can see that the angles are different on some of them.

Some of them have got right angles and some haven't.

Some have got perpendicular lines and some haven't.

Have they all got parallel lines? They have.

They've all got parallel lines.

What's also similar about them all? What's the same about them all? Have a quick look.

They have all got four sides.

They are all quadrilaterals.

Any four-sided shape is called a quadrilateral.

The word quad means four.

So you might have heard of a quad bike.

That's got four wheels.

Or a quad is an area, a four-sided square, like a space somewhere, a quad.

So quad always means four.

So a quadrilateral is a four-sided shape.

Okay, all of these shapes are quadrilaterals.

They've all got four sides.

Again, what is the same and what's different about them? Can you tell me one thing that's the same and one thing that's different about them? What have they all got in common and what have they got which is different? Hmm.

Let's think.

So the same, they've all got four sides, because they're all quadrilaterals.

And what's different? Lots and lots of different things.

There's big ones and small ones, yellow ones, grey ones.

We've got ones with right angles and ones without.

Shapes where all the sides are the same length and ones where they're all different.

So we can see that quadrilaterals come in lots and lots of different shapes, but they do all have four sides.

So we can start thinking about grouping quadrilaterals differently.

What groups could we put our quadrilaterals in where we say all of these quadrilaterals have got this, all of those quadrilaterals have got that? How can we group them? Well, we could start grouping them like this.

So here we can see that the big circle on the outside says quadrilaterals.

All of those shapes on that page inside all of those circles are quadrilaterals.

They're all quadrilaterals.

And then inside there, we've got a slightly smaller one which says rectangles.

All of those shapes are rectangles.

And then, an even smaller one which says squares.

Have a go, then.

All of these shapes are.

Some of them are.

And some of the rectangles are.

Can you have a go at finishing those sentence stems for me? How did you get on? Which one was easiest? Hmm.

All of these shapes are quadrilaterals.

Easy question.

Well done if you got that one right.

Some of them are rectangles.

And some of the rectangles are squares.

Can you see the square sits inside the rectangle circle? This is because squares are special kinds of rectangles.

Let's move on, then.

Okay, so we're looking today at rectangles, including squares.

That learning objective gave us a bit of a clue that tells us that all squares are also rectangles.

Why is that then? Well, let's have a think.

Having a look at this shape, this graph here again, what can you say all quadrilaterals have, all rectangles have, all squares have? Having a look at the shapes on there.

Okay, well, hopefully you can see now that all quadrilaterals have four sides.

All rectangles have.

What have all the rectangles got in common? What do you think? They've got four right angles.

And all squares have.

Can you see? All squares have four sides which are all the same length.

So they've got four sides, they've got four right angles, and they've got four sides which are the same length.

That is what makes them squares.

So going back to rectangles, a four-sided shape with four right angles is always a rectangle.

So they can look quite different to each other, as you can see here with all these rectangles.

But they are all rectangles if they've got four sides and they've got four right angles.

You can't draw a shape with four sides and four right angles which is not a rectangle.

All those different rectangles there for you to have a look at.

I'm sure we see lots of rectangles in our daily life.

Your laptop screen is a rectangle.

I'm appearing in a little rectangle.

Your book is a rectangle.

It's got four sides and four right angles.

Okay, squares, then.

What makes squares different to rectangles? All the sides are the same length.

If we go back to our rectangles, you can see that to be a rectangle, some sides can be different lengths.

We've got that orange one at the top which is long and thin.

It's got two long sides and two short sides at the side, at the ends.

But for a square, all the sides must be the same length.

Okay, squares, then.

Like I said, they have four sides, they're all the equal length, they have four right angles.

So here's a little blue square for you to see.

Now, these shapes are not squares.

Why aren't they squares? Have a quick think.

What could you say, what reason is there that these shapes aren't squares? You know they're not squares, but why not? Have a think.

Well, if we have a look at that pink shape, if we go through what a square needs, a little ingredient list for a square, squares need four sides.

Does that pink shape have four sides? One, two, three.

No, it's got three sides.

In fact, it's a triangle.

It's not a square.

It's a triangle.

Okay, let's move on to that purple shape, then.

Has it got four sides? One, two.

Yep, it's got four sides.

Are they all equal length.

No, I can see that the ones at the top and bottom are longer than the ones at the side.

So that one can't be a square.

It's just a rectangle.

What about the orange shape then? Because, as far as I can see, that orange shape has got four sides and they're all the same length.

What is it about that orange shape that means it's not a square? Well, we come back to our right angle checker.

That orange shape does not include four right angles, so it can't be a square.

If I put my right angle checker on that shape, it would show me that those angles are not right angles.

Well done if you got all of those, year three.

This is what we're doing today.

It's easy to look at these shapes and say, "No, that's not a square.

No, that's not a square," but what we're looking at is why, explaining through those properties of a square what it is that makes a square.

So really well done, year three.

Okay, your turn, then.

Having a look at these, which are rectangles and which are squares? How did you get on? Which ones did you pick first? So can you see that we have a green rectangle here and a green rectangle here? Four sides, four right angles, they are rectangles.

What about our squares, then? Which one are squares? Did you see that we have an orange square here and an orange square here? Well done if you saw that, year three.

Really, really, good.

Okay, let's move on then.

Here's your main activity.

And all you need to do is answer these questions.

This shouldn't be too hard.

It's what we've been looking at in the main part of our lesson today.

So if you pause the video here and have a go at your main activity.

Well done, year three.

You're working super hard on rectangles today.

Well done.

Let's have a look then.

All of these shapes are.

What's been one of our key vocabulary words today? They've all got four sides, so they are all quadrilaterals.

Well done.

Okay, what colour are the rectangles? Now, I wonder whether you got all of this question right because you need to remember that squares are also rectangles.

And we're given a clue in that question because it says what colour are the rectangles.

So the question is expecting us to have more than one.

So the colour of the rectangles is blue and yellow.

The blue and yellow shapes are rectangles.

What about the square, then? Which of these is square? Is it the blue one or the yellow one? It's the yellow one, isn't it? That's the one that's got four equal sides.

They're all the same length.

Final question, why isn't the orange shape a rectangle? Why isn't the orange shape a rectangle? Think about those four things that a rectangle needs to have: four sides.

Sorry, two things for it to be a rectangle: four sides and four right angles.

Using my right angle checker, I can see that that orange shape does not have right angles so it can't be a rectangle.

How did you get on with those? Really, really well done.

Fantastic.

Let's move on to Part B, then.

So which one of these is the odd one out? Which one of these shapes that you can see here is the odd one out? How did you get on? Well, if we go back to our learning that four-sided shapes are quadrilaterals, one of these isn't supposed to be there.

Which one is it? Oh, this shape here does have four sides.

How many does it have? One, two, three, four, five, six.

Hmm, a six-sided shape, six-sided shape.

Six has an X and so does hexagon.

That is a hexagon.

It doesn't belong there with the other quadrilaterals, does it? Okay, how many rectangles did you manage to see, then? How many rectangles are there? There are three rectangles.

Remember that squares are also rectangles.

What about these ones, then? Are these statements always true, sometimes true, or never true? A square is a special kind of quadrilateral.

If we go back right to the beginning of the lesson where we had all those circles set inside each other, the squares sat inside the quadrilateral circle.

Squares are always special kinds of quadrilaterals.

A rectangle can have five sides.

Hmm, a rectangle is a quadrilateral.

It needs to have four sides.

A rectangle can never have five sides.

Quadrilaterals have right angles.

Hmm.

Well, if we look at those shapes at the top there, and apart from the hexagon, they're all quadrilaterals, some of them have got right angles, some of them haven't.

So that statement is sometimes true.

Well done if you got that one right.

And squares can have curved sides? Never true.

How did you get on, year three? Really, really good work with lots of new learning and new vocabulary there.

Really well done.

Okay, time of the lesson for you to do your final knowledge quiz.

Let's see how much you've learned about rectangles and squares today.

Well done.

I really hope that now you're feeling confident identifying rectangles, and you know how rectangles and squares differ from one another.

Have a wonderful day.