Lesson video

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Hello, my name is Mrs Behan, and for this lesson I will be your teacher.

In this lesson you will learn how to use the phrases a.

and p.

to tell the time.

I'm also going to teach you what those phrases mean.

Let's begin by looking at the lesson agenda.

First we are going to learn the meaning of a.

and p.

Then we're going to use a.

and p.

to talk about events.

After that, you will have a practise at using a.

and p.

and then there will be an independent task for you to have a go at.

I know you'll be keen to find out how you got on so I will go through the answers with you.

There are just a couple of things that you will need to take part in the lesson.

Something to write with, so a pencil or a pen, and something to write on.

If you don't have those things at hand just pause the video here whilst you go and get them.

Remember, try to work somewhere quiet where you won't be disturbed.

So how confident are you about reading time in the analogue clock? Well let's have a practise.

So all you have to do is look at the clock and call out the time that you see.

Times will be to the nearest minutes, if you think that I'm going too fast for you, you can always pause the video after each clock face that comes upon your screen to give yourself more time to think.

Okay, let's make a start.

What time is it? It is 16 minutes past one.

What time is it? It is half past two.

What time is it now? It is half past 12.

What's the time now? The time is 19 minutes to one.

What time is it now? It is four minutes past 12.

What time is it now? 23 minutes past 10.

What time is it now? This is our last one.

It is five minutes to 9, great job.

So when we read time, we often say a.

and p.

But what do those phrases actually mean? Well, you're going to be able to impress people that you know with this knowledge now because I'm sure there are people around you who don't actually know the facts.

So it all began in a country called Italy.

Have any of you been there? I've been lucky enough to travel to Italy, took me about four hours on a plane.

It was absolutely beautiful.

Well, in Italy a long time ago, they used the language called, Latin.

And Latin is the basis of a lot of language that we use today.

So in Latin, they came up with these phrases a.

and p.

to talk about time during the day.

Now these are abbreviations.

An abbreviation, is a shortened version of a word or a phrase.

So a.

actually stands for something else, but what does it mean? Well let's look at the M, because M is in both of them a.

and p.

M means, meridiem, can you say that? Meridiem.

Meriediem actually means midday.

And that A, stands for ante.

And ante, means before.

So this phrase actually means, before midday.

Can you say that? Before midday.

Now say the Latin ante meridiem, fantastic.

What does the P mean then? If ante means before midday, the P means post and this means after midday.

So we say post meridiem, p.

stands for post meridiem.

Can you say post meridiem? Post meridiem.

Okay, my turn, your turn with those words.

Ante meridiem.

Post meridiem.

Fantastic, well done.

So we know that ante meridiem means before midday, and post meridiem means after midday.

When is midday? Well, midday is in the middle of day, we often have lunch.

And it's when the clock is showing 12 o'clock.

So let's think about things that you are doing in the day.

What do you do when the clock shows eight o'clock? Just have a little think.

What could you be doing at eight o'clock? Well, eight o'clock, perhaps you are eating your breakfast.

At eight o'clock, perhaps you're just all waking up and getting out of bed.

At eight o'clock, perhaps you're just going to bed.

You may even be listening to a bedtime story.

You could be wearing your pyjamas.

There's a bit of a problem here, some of those things on the screen happened in the morning and some of them happened in the evening.

I didn't say which eight o'clock we needed to look at.

There are in fact two eight o'clock in the day.

One is eight o'clock a.

and one is eight o'clock p.

Can you remember what a.

means? A.

stands for ante meridiem, and that means before midday.

What does p.

mean? P.

means post meridiem, and that means after midday.

So we've learned that there are two eight o'clocks in the day.

And we need to be really clear whether it's eight o'clock in the a.

we're talking about, or eight o'clock p.

that we're talking about.

The hour hand we'll go round the clock twice in a day, the hour hand will go around the clock two times in the day.

So I just want you to pause here, whilst you have a go at the question that's on the screen.

What words and phrases help us to understand the time of day we are discussing? So like we did in our earlier example, we didn't have enough information.

I didn't say eight o'clock in the morning, or eight o'clock in the afternoon, there's two words there for you.

So we need to be really specific.

So, just have a think, you can pause the video.

What words and phrases help us to understand the time of day we are discussing? When your ready, come back to me.

Okay, well done, you've had some time to think what did you came up with? Well, here are my ideas.

We say morning, we get up in the morning, we go to school in the morning.

It's important to know morning and afternoon to compare so afternoon actually happens it's after midday, it's post meridiem, so afternoon is anytime after 12 o'clock.

We would use the phrase a.

and we would use our phrase p.

Can you think of any others? We might say evening, so closer to bedtime, that's the evening.

We then talk about midday, so midday is 12 o'clock during the day when we have lunch usually.

Noon, what does the word noon mean? Well noon is actually another way of saying midday.

Midnight, there's a bit of a clue here, mid perhaps middle night, in the night so midnight is the middle of the night.

What might the clock show for midnight? The clock would show 12 o'clock, that would be midnight.

Okay, on your screen you will see an unrivalled timeline of the hours in the day.

Here we go, just take a moment, what do you notice? There are 24 hours in a day and they are split up into two sections.

We have a.

which is 12 hours long, and we have p.

which is also 12 hours long.

means ante meridiem or before midday.

is post meridiem which is after midday.

What do you notice about the numbers here? Well we have two of everything because we said that the hour hand goes around the clock two times every day.

The hour clock goes around the clock two times every day.

So we have a one o'clock in the a.

and a one o'clock p.

Two o'clock a.

and a two o'clock p.

So every hour repeats twice.

So, like we said before, we need to decide when we're telling time whether it is a.

or p.

we need to give people that information.

So we're going to play a little game.

On your screen you will see a picture and a time.

So, when you see the picture and the time, I want you to decide whether that is in the a.

or whether it is in the p.

So, here we go, when you think or if you decide it's in the a.

I need you to put your arms up like this, as if you're waking up in the morning doing a nice stretch.

If you decide is in the p.

, I want you to put your hands together like this, okay? 'Cause in the p.

is when we would be going to bed.

So let's take a look at our first picture.

Five minutes past seven, and what is this character doing? He's doing a big stretch and getting out of bed.

So decide a.

or p.

, three, two, one, show me.

It is a.

he is waking up in the morning it's before midday, good job.

The second picture this boy here, is brushing his teeth.

And the time is quarter to eight.

Is it quarter to 8 a.

or quarter to 8 p.

? Make your decision, three, two, one.

It is in the a.

, he's brushing his teeth in the morning part of his getting up routine.

However, depending on the boy's bedtime, he could actually be brushing his teeth just before bed at quarter to eight.

So this one could be p.

as well.

Let's have a look at another one.

Oh, this character looks like he's having lots of fun in the bath.

It's half past six.

So what time would this boy be in the bath? Half past six, a.

or p.

? Three, two, one and show me, it is p.

yes, he'll be having a bath before he gets into his nice, clean pyjamas and jumping into bed.

Last one here, oh, he's tucking into a nice meal.

And it's 10 minutes to six.

Is it 10 minutes to six in the a.

or 10 minutes to six in the p.

? Three, two, one and show me, it is in the p.

, I don't think anybody would want to be eating chicken or peas first thing in the morning.

10 minutes to six you are probably still in bed.

So this picture shows 10 minutes to six p.

Now that you have the facts about a.

and p.

, here is your independent task.

I would like you to decide whether these events happened before midday so a.

or after midday p.

On the second section on the right hand side of your screen I'd like you to write a sensible time for these events.

Remember to use a.

or p.

Pause the video here whilst you complete your task and when you read it come back to me and we will go through the answers together.

Okay then, so this is what I came up with.

Skye went to school at nine o'clock a.

, we go to school in the morning.

Lewis went home at three o'clock p.

, it's after lunchtime when Lewis goes home.

Maria practised her recorder at four o'clock p.

If it was four o'clock a.

, she would probably still be in bed.

Amanda had her lunch at half past 12 p.

, half past 12 the clock will have just gone past midday.

Michael tidied did his room at 20 past five p.

, I doubt his tidying his room at first thing in the morning at 20 past five he will probably still be in bed, so it must be p.

The moon shone through Tom's window at three o'clock a.

well, three o'clock p.

we're probably at school and we don't normally see the moon at that time.

So it must be a.

in the morning.

I chose a sensible time for these events.

So you might have something slightly different to mine.

But this should be similar times to me maybe an hour or two different.

The sun rose at five o'clock a.

, the sun doesn't rise at five o'clock p.

, the sun will start to go down.

So the sun rose at five o'clock a.

I go to bed at eight o'clock p.

I went swimming at eight o'clock a.

I had lunch at one o'clock p.

, after midday.

One o'clock in the morning or a.

, I will probably still be in bed.

I had breakfast at half past seven a.

I don't have my breakfast at half past seven in the evening.

If you'd like to please ask your parents or carers to share your work on Instagram, Facebook or Twitter tagging @OakNational, @LauraBehan21, and #LearnwithOak.

So we're now at the end of our lesson, you've done a fantastic job today keep up the hard work.

You know all about a.

and p.

and you've learned some Latin this lesson.

Don't forget to take the quiz to test out your new learning.

See you again soon.

Bye bye.

I've finished the video