Lesson video

Hello and welcome students, it's Mr. Latif once again, and today in our learning, we'll be looking at the Holy books within Islam.

So really interesting, a really important part of Islam and its history, but also, we'll be looking at the significance of why the Qur'an is seen as a different revelation and a more significant revelation compared to the previous revelations of the Ibrahim, Musa, Dawud, and Isa.

So these are some names that you're already familiar with, but we're looking into a bit more detail today about the following.

How has God revealed himself and his knowledge towards human kind? And the importance of these Holy books and also in comparison to that of the Qur'an.

So really interesting lesson today, in terms of God revealing himself and God guiding humanity.

So let's look into our learning for today just in a moment.

Now, before your learning, as always, there's five things that you will need, your exercise book or some lined paper, a black or blue pen, a different coloured pen for any corrections, those attentive ears and that curious brain.

Now, once you have them, I'll see you in our learning for today.

So welcome to your learning today.

And just a reminder, your title is the Holy books.

So what will we be looking at today? So we'll be looking and observing the following, the importance of Holy books other than the Qur'an and Islam and also the question of why the Qur'an is different from the other revelations and why it's much more special and much more significant.

So really interesting learning today, and as I mentioned in a previous lesson, if you are someone who enjoys history, you'll definitely be enjoying parts of this learning.

And if you're someone who enjoys your RE, well then there's no problem is there in our learning today.

So let's get into our learning for today.

So just a reminder of those things that you need, if you don't have them, this is a good opportunity for you to pause.

So just check on your table and around you if you have these five things and I'm sure you've already had those attentive ears, and that curious brain ready.

If you need those items, please ensure you're pausing the video right now.

But if not, let's continue.

So first task for all of you to consider.

We have four images here, four images this way.

I always forget don't I, it's always this way.

So four images and what I'd like for you to think about, which one is the odd one out? So could I please ask at this part of the video you do the following, could you please start thinking and then to pause and to write down which image that you believe is the odd one out? and I will see you in one minute.

Okay, welcome back.

So what image did you find to be the odd one out? Hopefully you said the one just here at the bottom.

So that is the Guru Granth Sahib, the Holy book for those of the faith of Sikhism, for those of the Sikhs.

But that is the odd book out of the four.

So we have the Qur'an in the top left corner, next to it, the Holy Bible, then below, the Torah and the fourth one, the Guru Granth Sahib.

The Guru Granth Sahib is the odd one out.

The three others are of the Abrahamic faith, and today actually, we'll be learning how they're named.

What's quite interesting about the Guru Granth Sahib, if you ever learn about Sikhism, is that actually, it's a very important book for the Sikhs and there is much influence of Islam and of Sufi poets within that Holy book.

But for today's learning, we'll realise why it is the odd one out.

So what are the Holy books? So you already have that down as your title, but let's look and investigate of what the Holy books are today.

So the Holy books, well they are the revelations of Allah and the final and perfect revelation and the complete revelation for all of humankind is that of the Qur'an.

Now we already know this, when we did our learning on the life of prophet Muhammad.

The first revelation occurred in 610, common era and it finished after 23 years in 632 common era.

And we also remember we can make our links so our learning the angels that the arch angel, angel Gabriel, is the angel that revealed its revelation to the prophet Mohammad, so he could deliver them to humanity.

So the Holy books are seen as one of the articles of faith in Islam.

Now there are previous Holy books as well, and the previous four Holy books being the Suhuf, the scrolls, the Tawrat, the Torah, the Zabur, Psalms and the Injils, Gospels.

And these are all actually refer to it in the Qur'an and we'll be looking at that today.

However, these are no longer seen as a complete source of authority and once upon a time, when they were revealed to a certain prophet, they were seen as authority from God.

However, there are distorted and corrupt or lost over time.

Unlike the Qur'an, for Muslims, it is believed that the Qur'an is a final and complete revelation and it's free from distortion, error or being lost.

And we'll be looking at that today in our lesson.

So the Holy books are seen as a guide and a source for authority.

Now the previous Holy book just mentioned before, were given to prophet Ibrahim, prophet Musa, prophet Dawud and prophet Isa.

So in English, we have Abraham, Moses, David and Jesus.

So these are really important Prophets within Islam 'cause they were given revelations as well.

Now, the finding of revelation, we already know this, the final revelation was given to Prophet Muhammad.

And this was a very significant and a very special revelation 'cause this is seen as a final and complete revelation for all of humankind.

Allah states clean in the Qur'an that there'll be no more revelations after this.

And anyone who comes with a revelation or deems to have a revelation from God is seen as false.

This is really important for Muslims today, that there are previous Holy books, and there's a final and complete Holy book, which is the Qur'an, which is a complete revelation for all of humankind.

Now, what I'd like for you to do is the following.

Thank you with your attentive ears as always listening so closely to me.

I'd like for you now to take a moment to pause the video and try to recap your learning and to answer the following questions.

What are the names of the Holy books? Let's see if you can remember the Arabic.

Which Prophets were they revealed to, why do the previous four relations have no authority anymore? And what are the names of the four prophets that received the previous four revelations? So question two and question four seems quite a similar, but just to not a trick you out, for question two, there will be another prophet that you will have to also include if you were listening carefully.

So could I please ask for you to do the following now? Could you please pause the video, and I'll see you in five minutes.

So for this task, you have five minutes, and could I please ask that you write the questions as you are pausing the video.

So, how did we do? Hopefully, you absolutely aced that first task.

So what are the names of the Holy books? You should have had the following answers, the Sahuf, the Tawrat, the Zabur, the Injils.

So the Scrolls, the Torah, Psalms and the Gospels but also, not to forget Qur'an, which is the final revelation for all of humankind.

And who were they revealed to? Well they're revealed to Ibrahim, Musa, Dawud, Isa, and Prophet Muhammad, and why do the previous four revelations have no authority anymore? 'Cause over time, they were either all lost, distorted, corrupted by humankind, but not the Qur'an.

Now that I find a question as well, just as a reminder for question four, the first four revelations where were revealed to Ibrahim, Musa, Dawud and Isa, and hopefully you got the right relation with the right prophet.

So what you should have had is Ibrahim was Scrolls, Musa was the Torah, Dawud was the Psalms and Isa was the Injils, So just a key thing about the previous four Holy books.

And we're going to be exploring that today before we move onto the fifth being the Qur'an.

So as I mentioned, for those that enjoy history, for those that enjoy RE and I'm sure it's all of you that are watching these videos and absolutely acing in your RE work, it's time to look at a bit of a timeline.

So at this point of the video, could you please pause and open up the resource sheet titled prophets in Islam and Holy books.

Now, just before you pause, could you please do the following, when you get this task, you're going to make a timeline and you're going to place in chronological order of the Holy book and who received that revelation.

Now to help you, 'cause this is quite a difficult task, is I have color-coded the links.

So who received the Holy book? And some information about the Holy book as well.

Your timeline should be landscape and it should have a line in the middle.

And then you add each part at certain points.

So for this task, I'm going to give you 15 minutes and you've got two options.

Option one is if you want to download the resource sheets, you may do so and you may cut and paste if you've got some glue, option two is to just open it up and do it yourself in the old school fashion, of just copying down the notes and ensuring that you've got all your spelling's right.

So for this task, I'd like to give you 15 minutes and then we'll go over the learning together.

So could I please ask you to pause the video at this point and to open up the resource sheet titled, timeline of the Prophets, and I'll see you in 15 minutes.

So welcome back, and hopefully that task was something that you enjoyed, and let's go over it together.

So at this point, if there's any corrections that need to be made, please ensure that you are adding the corrections as I go over this task with you.

So this is a timeline of the Holy books in history.

So prophet Ibrahim as he was the first prophet who receives a revelation from God, the Suhuf, the Scrolls.

These are seen to be lost and distorted over time and no longer with us.

now this occurs in 1900, before common era, and the language as well of Chaldean.

Then from there, prophet Musa, the Tawrat or the Torah.

Now we know the Torah still exists today, both within the Christian faith and that especially of the Jewish faith, in terms of the old Testament.

Now in languages itself, Egyptian and Hebrew, but we'll find out later on, Muslims believe that its original form of the revelation was distorted and corrupted over time.

Then we have the revelations of Prophet Dawud.

Prophet Dawud is a prophet who gets Psalms. And this says 900 common era in ancient Israel.

Later on, when we're going into common era, we have prophet Isa receiving the Injils, which are the Gospels.

Now a key thing here with the gospels, we'll look and explore the importance and the significance of them and the languages here of Aramaic and Hebrew.

Now much later, can we see it as a bit of a jump here? We have prophet Muhammad and the Qur'an in 610, 632, location Arabia, today modern day Saudi Arabia and the language of Arabic.

So those first four revelations, the revelations of prophet Ibrahim, prophet Musa, prophet Dawud, prophet Isa are seen as revelation of the Holy books, but they are seen as distorted or changed over time.

So they are all mentioned within the Qur'an, however, it is seen that the Qur'an is the final revelation for all of humankind and its authority is superior to that of the previous revelations, 'cause it contains the basic worship which prophet Muhammad develops, it contains the direct word of Allah which is not distorted.

It contains rituals, it tells Muslims what is right and wrong.

And it's also suggested that it contains a very important thing, personal and spiritual guidance for Muslims in terms of their situation and their life.

So we have these four revelations beforehand, and what's really important is that these revelations are steamed as respected, and they're referred to in the Qur'an.

And Muhammad, when he receives the revelation of the Qur'an, he learnt from them.

Therefore, they're seen as some authority with them.

However, today there are lost and no one knows what they said and it's alleged that they have been changed over time.

So they don't necessarily have the authority that they once did.

The Qur'an however, has been preserved.

It has been protected and for Muslims, it has the highest impact and authority today because it is the word of God that is still in its original form.

So if there's any corrections that you need to make, please ensure you've paused the video, or if not, I'll see you in just a moment.

Welcome back, and as I was just mentioning, as I just finished off on the previous slide, the importance of the Qur'an.

So unlike the previous revelations, what's really important about the Qur'an, unlike the four other Holy books, is the Qur'an is seen as a final and complete revelation for all of humankind.

It's unique, unlike its previous relations, the Qur'an is still today for Muslims, in its original form, which is over 1400 years ago.

And what's really fascinating is that the University of Birmingham, just recently over two or three years ago, have found that within their library, they had a Qur'an that came from the time of the prophet Muhammad.

Now that Qur'an and a Qur'an that's necessarily written but printed today, is exactly the same, word for word.

So the Qur'an is the final revelation for all of humankind.

And Allah mentions this within the Qur'an, 'cause he says, indeed, it is we who sent down the Qur'an and indeed, we will be its guardian.

So what's really important here, is Allah swears by himself that he will be the guardian of the Qur'an and it will be free from distortion and corruption.

So how is the Qur'an free from corruption? How is it preserved? Well a really important thing that occurred during the life of prophet Muhammad, is we have to remember, the prophet Muhammad was illiterate.

So he would recite and he would memorise and he would repeat the Qur'an.

So we have a term in Arabic, and that term is a half is a Hafiz A Hafiz is someone who's very established in reading the Qur'an, 'cause they know the whole Qur'an by heart.

So all 114 chapters, every word.

So they go through a very intense time, generally within the early years of their life as a child, but many Hafiz may later on decide to do it when they're adult, they go through a programme of learning the Qur'an.

So they read, read, read, recite, they practise with an Iman, they practise with a Sheikh, who's like a religious scholar or they practise with a teacher who knows the rules of touch weed.

So these individuals are able to recite the Qur'an by heart and they would know it.

So you could say to them for example, recite Sera 32, nine, 36, and they'd be able to recite it by heart.

So this is a key thing that the Qur'an is protected and the Qur'an is not distorted.

So I always give this example to my students.

Imagine, and this has happened in history with certain dictators and leaders, yeah.

Imagine that all books are thrown in the bin, they're burnt, they're destroyed.

And let's say all Holy books as well.

So it'd be very hard to remember what certain authors wrote, whether they're Holy books or books or fiction or books of biographies.

Now the Qur'an itself will still exist 'cause regardless of it being burnt, destroyed in its physical sense, there are many Hafiz in the world that can still recite the crime by heart.

So you could compare those Hafiz and what they're reciting, to ensure that the Qur'an is still free from corruption.

So very interesting and very fascinating part there in terms of importance of the Qur'an.

So what is believed of the other scriptures? Well the other scriptures are evidence that God has revealed himself to humankind and that they're seen as guidance and they're seen as revelations.

So humankind can ponder, reflect and be guided.

However, as mentioned before, today it is believed that they're distorted and they're not in the original text, thus they lose their spiritual meaning and significance.

So this goes back to my point, which is very important.

Many of the first revelations of those four Holy books of Ibrahim, Musa, Dawud, and Isa, the revelation of what language it was revealed in, for many of them, those revelations and the language is not spoken today.

The language is lost or the language is dead.

Unlike the Qur'an, the Qur'an was revealed in Arabic, and today we have a big population of the world that still speak Arabic.

Now Muslims, whose first mother tongue may not be Arabic, they take it upon themselves to learn Arabic, just to recite it.

Not necessarily to write it, but to read and be able to recite the Arabic itself.

So this is a really important part when we look at comparing the previous scriptures to scripture of the Qur'an today.

So what I'd like for you to do now is the following.

You're going to sit in a moment, open up a resource sheet titled resource sheet two the Holy books.

Now for this task, I'd like for you to do the following, to have four subheadings of each prophet and the spelling of those profits will be on the resource sheets and of the Holy book that they receive as well, and the spelling will be there to support you.

Now, what I'd like for you to do is to write a summary or a paragraph explaining what is it that Muslims believe about these Holy books? So there's four Holy books.

What is it that Muslims belief about them? Now for this task, I'd like to give you 20 minutes.

So if you spend, let's say three minutes reading each and then two minutes writing down.

So break up each Holy book to five minutes.

Now, if you need more than 20 minutes, that's absolutely fine.

If you need a couple more minutes, feel free to do so, please do not rush it.

And afterwards I will see you in 20 minutes.

Welcome back and let's see how we did.

So what we're going to do now is go over some feedback for each prophet and what they received.

So please ensure that you're looking at the notes and listening to me, and if there's any corrections or anything that you want to add, feel free to pause it at any time.

So prophet Ibrahim was given the Suhuf, which is known as the Scrolls.

And this is seen as a first revelation of the Holy books.

Now, according to Muslims, this is not preserved and it was lost, but the Qur'an does mention the Suhuf Scrolls as a form of scripture, 'cause the Qur'an states the following, indeed, this is in the form of scriptures, the scriptures of Abraham and Moses.

So what were the Suhufs? The Suhuf Scrolls contained guidance, such as parables, like stories, about worship, reflection and building a livelihood.

So we can understand the importance of the Scrolls.

However, over time, they were not preserved and they were lost, but they're still seen as important.

Now if there's anything that you need to add, please feel free to pause it.

Or if not, I'll see you on the next prophet and the next scroll.

So now we look at profit Musa and the Torah, or also known as Tawrat.

And I'll be testing you in your exit quiz to see what you can remember.

So please pay attention to that Arabic language that we're looking at today.

It's really important within RE that we know some key words, we can understand what they mean.

So the Tawrat is a second of the Holy books.

And this has mentioned within the Qur'an 18 times, and it's believed to be revealed to Prophet Moses on Mount Sinai.

So the Qur'an does mention the following about the Tawrat, it says the following verse, indeed we sent on the Torah and which was guidance and light.

So it's really important here in which was guidance.

So it's believed also, like the Suhuf, that the Tawrat was corrupted from its original text, therefore it cannot be relied upon because it was distorted.

So we can see a pattern here can't we? That just like the Scrolls, the Tawrat or prophet Musa most also corrupted over time.

However, it is mentioned within the Qur'an 18 times.

So if there's anything that you need to add, feel free to pause it just now, if not let's continue.

Continuing on, Prophet Dawud and that of the Zabur, Psalms. The Zabur is a third of the Holy books.

Now this one's revealed to prophet Dawud, and its mentioned three times in the Qur'an.

Prophet Dawud is seen as a great King, who's people were righteous and they feared God.

So they had a term we use, Takwa.

Takwa is this idea that you are conscious of God and that you fear God as well.

So these revelations, what did they mention? Well, they mentioned a Messiah who would be a symbol of hope and justice in a future, of many injustices and corruption.

And one of the verses in the Qur'an that mentions the Zabur is the following, and to David, we gave the book of Psalms. So it's really important here, the Qur'an does identify that this was a previous scripture, just like the previous two.

Now at this point of your video, if there's anything that you need to do for your notes to pause and to add, feel free to do so.

If not, let's continue to the fourth Holy book.

So now we look at prophet Isa and the Injils, the gospels.

So the Injils, known as the Gospels, is a fourth of the Holy books revealed to prophet Isa, who is Jesus.

And it's mentioned 12 times in the Qur'an.

Now it's revealed to prophet Isa in a very similar way that the Qur'an was revealed to prophet Muhammad.

That over time it is believed that it contains mistakes, thus being distorted.

So the Qur'an states the following, we gave him Jesus the gospel in which was guidance and light.

And you can see the following.

The term, was guidance in light.

Now there's quite some similarities between the gospel today in the Bible and that of the Qur'an.

So you find some key things of the gospels that are similar of both in Islam and of that of Christianity.

However, Muslims say the Qur'an to be the final revelation.

So they accept that revelation.

These four previous revelations are seen as a form of authority once upon a time, they're deemed as respected.

However, because they were not formed in a way in which they did not become distorted and that they did become corrupted over time, unfortunately, it is not seen as the final and complete authority.

So that is your task on the four Holy books.

If there's anything that you need to do to rewind and to go back, feel free to do so, if not, let's continue on.

Continuing on let's look at the following.

So a bit of a true or false task here for you.

Are you ready? All you have to write down is true or false.

You can either write T or F if you'd like to write down the whole word true or false, feel free to do.

So true or false, there are five Holy books in Islam.

Going to give you five seconds.

And we know it is true.

Remember, we looked at four, but a fifth Holy book is the Qur'an.

And question two, the third Holy book is the Injils, true or false, five seconds.

We know this to be false.

Can you remember what the third Holy book is? Hopefully you can 'cause it might be a question in your quiz at the end.

Remember, the third Holy book was that of Psalms. Next question, question three.

Prophet Dawud was given the Injils, five seconds, true or false.

And we know this to be false.

Remember, it was given to that or prophet Isa.

Question four, Prophet Sulaiman received the Suhuf, true or false? And it is false, there is mentioning of Prophet Sulaiman receiving a revelation from what we learnt today.

Question five, the Qur'an is the final Holy book, true or false? This should not be too hard.

Let's go, let's go, let's go.

Three, two, one, and it is true.

Remember, this is the final and complete revelation.

Next question, six.

Prophet Musa received the Zabur, true or false? Three, two and one.

And it is false.

Remember, Prophet Musa received the Torah or also known as the Tawrat.

Next question, prophet Musa received the Tawrat, well I kind of went over it, let's see how good those attentive ears were, this should be quick, true or false? It is true, yes, remember, he receives the Tawrat, also known as the Torah.

Next question, four out of the five Holy books were distorted or lost, true or false? This shouldn't be too hard.

It is true, remember, the four previous revelations are seen as distorted or lost.

Next question, Prophet Isa could not perform miracles.

Let's see how you remembered from your reading today.

Three, two, one.

Remember, it is false, he was able to perform miracles.

Can you remember any of those miracles from your learning today? There was something about a bird.

If you can, write it down now.

Next question, Allah says he will protect the Qur'an from corruption, true or false? And it is true.

He says this clearly in the Qur'an.

Well done, hopefully you absolutely aced that little true or false.

So in summary of our learning today everyone.

The Holy books are another of the six articles of faith that we've been looking at and it reveals that Allah has guided humankind throughout history.

Then the previous four Holy books have been distorted or corrupted, although some truth still lies within them.

The importance of the Qur'an is that it's the final book for all of humankind and God communicates and guides humanity with revelations.

So just as a reminder, you're probably thinking, well, sir, did we really go over the Qur'an and its importance? We did, yeah, I was mentioning it throughout the video.

The Qur'an is seen as the final and complete revelation for all of humankind.

It is not distorted.

It is free from corruption and many Muslims still recite and read it today.

And Allah says there will be no more revelations after that.

So it's this idea that the whole of humankind have been guided from the time of the Prophet Muhammad, till the end times.

So there's no excuses there whatsoever when it comes to the day of judgement.

And that really fits in very well with our learning next week.

So the Qur'an and its importance.

Remember, revealed in Arabic to prophet Muhammad who was illiterate, recited and remembered, later on compiled in a written format.

But the fact that there are many Hafiz today, people have recited and remember the Qur'an, tells us that it's free from corruption and that it is protected.

So very, very important part of the branch understanding of the Holy books.

And on that note, the final thing to say as always, if you'd like to, please ask a parent or carer to share your work on Instagram, Facebook or Twitter, @OakNational or #LearnwithOak.

And it gives me, Mr Latif, an opportunity to see all your fantastic work of students up and down the country, which I'd really like to see.

And one more thing, just that final quiz.

So let's see how you're do in the final quiz.

So please ensure that you have an opportunity to do the final quiz, which should only take you a couple of minutes.

And on that note, I will see you soon, best wishes and take care.