Lesson video

Hello, everybody.

Welcome back to a unit of Science with me, Ms. Roberts.

I'm really excited to teach you all about materials, what they are, what they do and why we have them.

First of all, I got Lenny the lion here, and any of you who have not met him before, he's my favourite Teddy.

He always sits by my screen and he helps with my learning.

So if you want to go and get your favourite Teddy, pause the video and go and get them now.

The other things that you're going to need for this lesson are, you're going to need a pencil and a pen, a ruler, and a notebook or something to write in.

So pause the video and get your resources now.

Okay I think we are ready.

So in today's lesson, what we will do is the following.

We're going to look at our star words.

We're going to look at raw materials today.

And firstly, we'll look at raw materials from the ground, and then we'll look at raw materials from living things.

Lastly, we'll look at properties and uses for raw materials.

So let's get started with our star words, for anyone who doesn't know.

The first thing we do with our star words is we go my turn your turn.

Star words, star words, star words, your turn.

Well done you've got big loud voices today good job.

So I always have actions with my star words and it helps me to keep them sticky in my mind.

The first star word is raw and my action is just this raw.

Can you say raw? Your turn.

Raw your turn.

Good job.

The next word is synthetic.

And this is where I put my two hands together because synthetic materials are made from raw materials.

So it's like, we're putting them together.

So my turn your turn.

Synthetic, your turn.

Synthetic your turn, good job.

Raw and synthetic are both examples of a material.

Can you say material? Material.

Well done.

Now for some properties that you may have seen before, but if not, let's recap some tricky words.

The first one is flexible.

Your turn.

Good job, can you do the hand signals with me? Flexible, your turn.

Good job.

The next one is durable.

Your turn.

Good job.

The action for durable is this.

So I put my hand out flat I get my right hand and I rub quite hard against my palm because durable means strong.

Durable means, strong.

So not strong like a table that can hold a lot of weight.

Strong means that it doesn't break or damage very easily, that sort of strong.

So I want you to rub against your hand.

So let's say the word again, durable your turn.

Well done there's one last one.

This word is malleable.

Your turn.

Malleable, your turn.

Well done, malleable means it can be knocked into shape.

So I'm going to get my hammer out and I'm going to knock my material into shape.

Can you say malleable? Your turn.

Well done I love how you use the actions now to keep the word malleable sticky in your mind.

Malleable we often use to refer to metals, which is why we're knocking it into shape.

Good job team, you've done really well with your star words today.

So let's get started and look at what raw materials actually are.

Before we think about what a raw material is, what is a material? Do you think you could give a definition of it? Hmm let's have a think.

So on the screen, you can see three different materials.

Do you think you can name them? Go and have a go on that first one on the left, what's that? Well done that's chalk, we use that on a blackboard or to draw sometimes on the ground.

What's the next one in the middle.

What do you think it is? What do nails tend to be made out of? Something that rusts easily? Good job it's called iron.

And those are an example of some iron nails.

What's that last one in the top right-hand corner, can you have a look? It's some writing on a piece of? Paper well done.

Now these are all examples of materials.

And a material is just something that has a name.

So it's a substance that has a name.

So chalk, iron and paper are all names of materials.

So can you tell your screen, what's a material again? A substance that has a? Name well done.

Great job team so now we know what the material is.

We can move on.

I'm going to give you an awesome cheer cause you're working so hard already in this unit.

It's only the first lesson and we already know what a material is.

So, raw materials.

Let's do our action again for raw material.

Can you say raw material with your hands? Well done.

So raw materials are natural and they have not been changed by humans.

They are found naturally occurring and they haven't been changed before they've been used.

They can be found in the ground like coal or from living things, like sheep.

So that's coal in the ground.

What do we get from sheep? We get wool from sheep well done.

What's wool used for? Well done wool is used for making clothes and blankets.

What's coal used for? Where do you see coal? Well done.

When you're burning a fire or as a fuel, you use coal and it comes out of the ground.

Good job team.

So coal is an example of a raw material that comes out of the ground.

There are lots of other ones, so let's have a look.

First of all we're going to look at coal and oil.

So coal as I've already said, comes out of the ground and in order to get it out to the ground, we have to mine it.

When you mine something, it means you're digging it out of the ground.

We use it for fuel, for burning and in the screen there, you can see it's used for a barbecue.

The other raw material on the screen that comes out off the ground, is oil.

And what you can see in this photo is an oil rig.

This is just basically a large drill that goes all the way down under the ground, and it drills into the earth and then a big tube is sent down and it sucks up the thick dark oil.

Oil can then be used for lots of different ways, such as oil in your car as a fuel, quite similar to coal it's also used as a fuel.

So coal and oil are what types of material? What's their star word again? Raw, well done.

Let's have a look at some others that come from the ground.

Now another raw material from the ground is clay.

This naturally occurs on the earth.

We don't need to make it, we just need to find it.

Clay is used for ornaments or often for buildings.

The next one on the screen is sand.

Where do you find sand? You know where we find sand we find it on the? On the beach well done.

So sand is found on the beach and it's made from tiny, tiny, tiny, tiny, tiny grains of rocks and minerals.

Does anybody know what sand can be made into? What do we use sand for? Can you tell your screen if you know? Well done.

Sand is used to make glass windows, and we'll talk more about that in the rest of this lesson and also in the next lesson as well.

We'll look at glass a little bit more closely.

I got another two materials that come from the ground.

Copper and iron are also raw materials that come from the ground.

Now copper is used in lots of different ways.

It can be used for wires.

So very, very small wires that send electricity, or as you can see for pins and paper clips, copper can be used for all sorts of uses.

Iron is another raw material that comes from the ground.

Now iron is very strong.

So it's used for hard materials that need to be very durable.

For instance, it can be used for train tracks.

Also, if you have a long iron bars inside buildings to help them keep upright and nice and strong, they're often used within structures for buildings as well.

Okay so we've just looked at six different raw materials that come from the ground.

These are raw materials because they have not been changed.

Why are they raw materials? Because they've not been, changed well done.

Let's have a look at your task.

I've got some questions for you to see if you were listening.

What is a material? Where are the two places raw materials can come from? We said they could come from in the ground or living things well done.

And the third question is I'd like you to match up the raw materials with their uses.

All the questions and are on the screen.

So I'd like you to pause the video and jot them down in your notebook.

If you can, you could also download the worksheet and you could write them on your worksheet, pause the video and have a go at your task now.

Well done pause the video if you need more time, cause I'm going to go through the answers.

Okay.

So what is a material? A material is a substance that has a name, well done we looked at that at the start didn't we? Where are the two places that raw materials can come from? We spoke about this a minute ago.

So they come from under the ground or from living things.

And here are the correct raw materials matched up with their uses.

Coal and oil are used for fuel.

Sand and clay are used for ornaments and buildings.

And copper and iron are used as hard, strong objects.

Those are some of the properties of raw materials, and we'll look more at properties throughout this lesson and the next lesson.

So keep your ears out for any properties of materials that you hear.

So, so far we've looked at raw materials that come from the, ground.

So now look, let's look at raw materials that come from living things.

Are you ready? I said are you ready? Yeah, I am as well so let's get going.

Raw materials from living things.

So, wood comes from a living thing what living thing does wood come from? What can you see in the park or in the garden? You can see very tall trees and that is a living thing.

So wood is a material that comes from trees.

And it's used, to build objects such as tables and floors because it's very hard.

I'm on a wooden table here, can you hear it? And it's very hard, which is really useful.

It wouldn't be very useful if it was soft and flexible because my laptop and I would be moving around if I was trying to write on the table.

So we tend to choose materials based on their properties as well.

So wood is nice and hard and strong.

Cotton also comes from a living thing.

Cotton comes from the cotton plant.

Do you know anything that's made of cotton? I wonder what clothes have you got on? Have you got a t-shirt on like I have, cause my t-shirt's made of cotton.

If you're T if you're wearing a t-shirt it's most likely made from cotton, you could check the label and it might say a percentage of cotton.

Have you, when you get out to the shower or bath, do you dry yourself with a towel? Because that's probably made with cotton as well.

When you go to bed, do you have sheets on your bed? Because they're probably made of cotton as well.

All of these things use cotton and cotton comes from a living thing, which is the cotton plant.

What does cotton come from? It comes from the, cotton plant well done.

The next one is rubber.

Now rubber also comes from trees, but it's found inside the tree as something called sap.

And rubber sap can then be turned into things like rubber tyres, on cars or bikes.

It can be really durable, which is why it's a really good material for tyres, but it can also be flexible, which is why it can be useful as well.

Which two properties have you just heard me talk about with rubber? I use this one which we had an action for and this one, what are those two properties? Well done, durable and flexible.

So rubber is a raw material that can be useful.

And lastly, another raw material that comes from living things, is wool leather and silk.

As we talked about before wool comes from sheep.

So when you sheer a sheep, it means that you get rid of all of their fur and that wool comes off of them and we can turn it into other objects.

So the material is wool.

It can be used for clothes or I also said before, it can be used for blankets.

Leather comes from the skin of an animal and can be used for handbags and shoes.

And silk also comes from silkworms, which is another material that comes from living things.

Now, wood, rubber, cotton, wool, leather, and silk on the right hand column are their uses.

So what are they used for? I want you to pause the video and you can either match it up with your finger, or if you want to write them down, you can draw some lines to connect.

Or your third option is to download the worksheet, pause the video and have a go at your task now.

Well done pause the video if you need more time, because I'm about to give you the answers.

Okay, here we go.

Wood is used for fuel and to make hard objects cause we can burn wood as well.

Rubber is used to make tyres, balloons, and shoe soles.

Cotton is used to make clothes towels and sheets.

Wool is used to make cloth.

Leather is used to make clothing, footwear and handbags and silk is used as a fabric for clothes and decorations.

Well done everyone.

I'm really impressed with how hard you're working so far and so as Lenny the lion.

He can hear you behind the screen there and he's making sure that you're always saying your words nice and loud and proud when I ask you to tell your screen.

So make sure he can hear you.

Okay so let's have a look at properties and uses for these materials.

So, so far I've talked about lots of materials that come from either the ground or from living things.

What types of materials were these? What was our star word? These were all raw materials well done.

And like I said quite a lot so far, these raw materials all have different properties.

A property just means what it's like.

So we've looked at wood and I knocked on my hard wooden table that you can hear.

So on the screen are some words of properties for wood, but some of them are not correct.

Let's read them through and think about which ones do apply to wood and which ones do not apply to wood.

Give me a thumbs up if you think it does and a thumbs down if you think it does not.

So the first word is hard.

Is wood hard, yes or no? Well done wood is hard.

The next word is strong.

Is wood strong, yes or no? I'm watching it is strong well done.

Is wood flexible? No wood is not flexible and like I said before, it wouldn't be very useful because otherwise my laptop would be all shaky and I wouldn't be able to write very neatly on a flexible table.

Soft is wood soft? Soft like your cotton t-shirt, no, wood is not soft.

Is it malleable can it be knocked into shape? No wood is not malleable.

Remember I said before at the start of the lesson that malleable tends to be used for metals.

So it does not apply to wood and shiny, can of wood be shiny? No it cannot be shiny.

Now some of you might think, oh I think I have a shiny table.

The reason that is is because it will have a varnish on top, which is a different material that makes it shiny, but wood naturally is not shiny.

And the last word durable, is wood durable? Yes my wooden table I've had for many years, which means it's very durable.

It doesn't break or damage very easily.

So those were our words, sorry those were our properties that match with a wooden table.

Hard, strong and durable, which makes it very useful.

Cotton towels, sheets, and clothes.

Now that we've been through the words of our properties, I'd like you to have a go yourself now at reading them through and deciding, is that a property of cotton or is that not a property of cotton? Pause the video and see which ones you think now.

Okay let's see if you've got the same ones as me.

I think that cotton is flexible, soft and durable.

So although we've talked about durable things being hard and not easily damaged, it can still be used for soft materials like clothes, because my clothes don't suddenly break or fall to pieces they're quite durable.

I can wear them lots of times and I can wash them lots and they'll still be able to be worn, which means they're nice and durable.

So now a final task for you, I'd like you to sort the raw materials into the correct column.

Is this raw material from the ground, or is it from living things? Let's read the words through the bottom, just so that you're really clear on what you need to do.

Let's start from the left and we'll go across.

So you can point with your finger to make it easier so you don't lose track.

So coal, wool, rubber, oil, sand, leather, clay, cotton, copper, iron, wood, and silk.

What I'd like you to do is I'd like you to place each material into the correct column.

Is it from the ground or is it from living things? Pause the video and have a go at your task now.

Well done, pause the video if you need more time cause I'm going to go through the answers.

And here we go.

So if you were reading them out, you can see if you got them correct and if you've written them down, you can give yourself a tick for each one that you got correct.

The materials from the ground are coil, sorry not coil.

I've mixed them two up there, coal, oil, sand, copper, iron and clay.

See even teachers make mistakes sometimes too.

And the materials from living things are wool, rubber wood silk, leather, and cotton.

Well done everyone.

You've had a really good go at today's lesson.

I've been really impressed with how hard you've been working.

We've looked at raw materials, both from the ground and from living things.

And we've even looked at some of their properties.

Well done everyone you've worked really hard.

Lenny the lion here is really impressed.

And he, yeah.

Oh yes great idea.

He's also said don't forget to go and do your learning quiz after this lesson, cause I've got some questions to help you remember all of the information from this lesson.

Well done everyone, and we'll see you next time for the next lesson on materials, bye.