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      Using lines of latitude to locate the main climate zones

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      You can understand what the main climate zones are and describe where they are found.

      Key learning points

      1. Lines of latitude can help us understand the location of climate zones.
      2. Climate zones cross over national and international boundaries and also lie within them.
      3. Average temperature is a clue to identifying climate zones.
      4. Latitude and altitude are both related to climate zones.

      Keywords

      • Latitude - Lines of latitude are imaginary lines on Earth showing position north or south of the Equator.

      • Weather - The weather of a place is the day to day condition of the atmosphere, e.g. sunny, snowing, warm etc.

      • Temperature - Temperature is the degree of hotness or coldness of a place.

      • Location - A location is the particular position of something on Earth.

      Common misconception

      That separate countries must be in separate climate zones or that in each single country is part of one single climate zone.

      Borders between countries have been invented by humans, they are not related to climate zones which occur naturally. Climate zones can cover many countries, and big countries like Australia can have more than one climate zone within them.

      Teacher tip

      Pupils have the opportunity to describe Mount Kilimanjaro in this lesson. Add extra challenge by showing pupils the locations of other major world mountains and asking pupils to decide which climate zone they are located in.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is a climate zone?

      Correct answer: a region of Earth that experiences similar average weather patterns
      a section of the Earth where the same type of weather occurs every day
      an area on Earth where the same type of weather is experienced all year round
      a specific area where the weather never changes

      Q2.
      What is the equator?

      Correct answer: an imaginary line around Earth that is halfway between the North and South Pole
      an imaginary line that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole
      an imaginary line that splits Africa in half
      an imaginary line that Earth spins around

      Q3.
      How do rays of light from the sun travel?

      in a curved path
      Correct answer: in a straight line
      in a circular motion
      in a zig zag pattern

      Q4.
      Complete the sentence. At the equator, the sun's rays are more concentrated and have more ...

      Correct Answer: energy

      Q5.
      What are the atmospheric conditions that we experience from day to day known as?

      Correct answer: weather
      rainfall
      climate
      sunshine

      Q6.
      How do scientists work out what the climate of a location is like?

      Correct answer: by studying the weather for a long time to find averages and patterns
      by studying the weather for one year to find averages and patterns
      by studying the weather and comparing it to other places
      by studying how the weather is changing from one year to the next

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What are lines of latitude?

      Correct answer: imaginary lines that run parallel to the equator on a world map
      imaginary lines that run vertically, or north to south, on a world map
      imaginary lines that show where climate zones are on a world map
      imaginary lines that show where major forests are on a world map

      Q2.
      Put these lines of latitude in order from north to south.

      1 - Arctic Circle
      2 - Tropic of Cancer
      3 - equator
      4 - Tropic of Capricorn
      5 - Antarctic Circle

      Q3.
      Which statement about climate zones is true?

      Climate zones match the borders of countries and continents.
      Correct answer: Climate zones can cover several countries and continents.
      Every country of the world has its own climate zone.
      It is impossible for a country to have more than one climate zone.

      Q4.
      Match the climate zones to the descriptions.

      Correct Answer:equatorial climate zone,the climate zone around the equator

      the climate zone around the equator

      Correct Answer:Arctic and polar climate zone,the climate zone containing the coldest places on Earth

      the climate zone containing the coldest places on Earth

      Correct Answer:temperate climate zone,the United Kingdom is in this climate zone

      the United Kingdom is in this climate zone

      Correct Answer:tropical climate zone,the climate zone north and south of the equatorial climate zone

      the climate zone north and south of the equatorial climate zone

      Correct Answer:hot desert climate zone,the climate zone north and south of the tropical climate zone

      the climate zone north and south of the tropical climate zone

      Q5.
      Match the words to the definitions

      Correct Answer:latitude,how far north or south of the equator a place is located

      how far north or south of the equator a place is located

      Correct Answer:altitude,how high above sea level a place is located

      how high above sea level a place is located

      Q6.
      Complete the sentence. Altitude affects temperature; the higher the altitude, the the temperature.

      Correct Answer: lower

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