Lesson video

Hi there, my name's Mr. Byrne-Smith.

And today we're going to be doing some spelling together.

In particular today, we're looking at two suffixes, the -ify suffix and the -ise suffix.

Now, this is a really good one.

I mean, they're all good ones, but this is especially good.

So let's make a start.

Here's the agenda for today's lesson.

Firstly, we'll look at some key vocabulary.

Then we'll investigate and generate some rules before finally setting this week's spelling words.

In this lesson, you'll need an exercise book or paper, a pencil, and then of course, your brain.

If you need to go off and get any of these things, pause the video now.

Okay, let's look at some key vocabulary.

My turn, your turn, suffix.

A suffix is a group of letters at the end of a word that change its meaning and sometimes class.

Verb.

A verb is a doing or a being word.

Noun.

A noun is a person, place or thing.

Root word.

A root word is the most basic version of a word.

It has no prefixes or suffixes.

Let's investigate and generate some rules.

So today we're looking at the -ify suffix and the -ise suffix.

Now, before we really get to understand these suffixes, we need to try and figure out exactly what they do.

So why are they used and how are they used? Now, these suffixes behave quite similarly.

So we're going to look at them alongside each other.

One thing to note is the spelling of the -ise suffix.

In British English, the -ise suffix is spelled using I-S-E.

In American English, this suffix is spelled using a zed in place of the S, so I-Z-E.

So if ever you encounter a word ending in -ise spelled with a zed, it means the same as the British equivalent, it's just spelled using the American spelling.

Here we have four root words.

We have two root words which are about to have the -ify suffix applied to them.

And we have two root words that are about to have the -ise suffix applied to them.

What we're going to do is we're going to see if we can figure out the word class of these root words.

We have pure, solid, apology, and capital.

The three options in terms of word class are adjective, noun, and verb.

Now, when we figure out the word class of a word, the best approach, I think, is to put the word into a sentence that makes sense to you.

As soon as you've done that, you're in a position to work out what the word is doing in the sentence to think about the role it's playing.

So remember, we have adjective, noun, and verb.

An adjective describes a noun, it tells you what it's like.

A noun is a person, place or thing.

And a verb is a doing or a being word.

I'd like you to have a go with these four words.

Pause the video now.

Okay, let's reveal the word class of each of these root words.

Aha, so we have two adjectives and two nouns.

Now we're going to apply the -ify suffix and the -ise suffix.

Then we're going to see if the word class has changed, and how it's changed.

Pure becomes purify.

Solid becomes solidify.

Apology becomes apologise.

Capital becomes capitalise.

Let's just really quickly go over the meaning of each of these.

Purify means to make something pure.

Solidify means to make something solid.

Apologise means to say sorry.

And capitalise has two meanings, one of which is to make the most of something.

Okay, using those little pointers, I'd like you to now think about the word class of each of these four, pause the video now.

Okay, so when we add the -ify or the -ise suffix, words are turned into.

Verbs, so all four of these have become verbs, which is really useful because it helps us understand what these suffixes do.

The -ify and -ise suffixes often turn the words into.

Verbs, okay.

Fantastic, we're in a really good position now to explore how to add each of these suffixes, excellent.

So here I've picked out the two examples of the -ify suffix being used, and the two examples of the -ise suffix being used.

What I'd like you to do is have a careful look at each of these.

I'd like you to tell me if the root word has had to change when I've added the suffix.

So have a careful look at each of these root words.

When I've added the suffix, have they changed spelling at all? Okay, so these two have.

Pure has become purify.

Apology has become apologise.

Now, the two that have been greyed out, if you look very carefully, they haven't changed at all.

I've just added the suffix on the end.

And that's often the only thing that you need to do when adding each of these suffixes.

Often, you can just add the suffix without changing the root word at all.

We're going to focus on these two instances in which the root word has had to change.

Pure has become purify.

Apology has become apologise.

Okay, your next challenge is to tell me how they've changed.

They both changed in different, but similar ways.

Have a careful look, pause the video now.

Okay, so.

Pure has had the E removed before the suffix has been added.

Apology has had the Y removed before the suffix has been added.

So this puts us in a good position to figure out some rules for applying these suffixes.

Let's test it one more time.

Here I have two root words ending in Y.

And I have one root word ending in E.

Let's see if we can figure out how to add the appropriate suffixes.

Now, the purple root words need to have the -ify suffix applied.

The blue group word needs the -ise suffix applied.

And I need your help to do it.

So we just kind of decided between ourselves that the E needs to be removed from the root word, and so does the Y before adding the suffix.

I'm going to do the first one.

Note ends in an E, so I know that we need to remove the E before adding the -ify suffix.

Note becomes notify, it's about like that.

I want you to help me out with the next two.

These both end in a Y.

The first is an -ify root word.

And the next is an -ise root word.

Pause the video and have a go.

Okay, so, glory becomes glorify.

Category becomes categorise, excellent.

So we're in a really good position now to think about this rule.

So here are our three rules.

The first is just add the suffix.

As I mentioned earlier, it's often necessary only to add the suffix without making any changes to the root word.

Remove the E and add the suffix.

If the root word ends in an E, it's necessary to remove the E before adding the suffix.

Remove the Y and add the suffix.

If the root word ends in a Y, it's often necessary to remove the Y and add the suffix.

Now, these last two rules are actually really common when it comes to adding suffixes.

These are rules that you see again and again and again, with all sorts of different suffixes, not just -ify and -ise.

Okay, next challenge.

Here we have a sentence which I'm going to read out to you in a second.

Currently, the sentence contains a noun, it contains the root word which we need to add a suffix to.

Now, I've given you two options.

I've given you the -ify option and the -ise option.

Only one of them is correct.

When you pick between -ify and -ise, you're really relying on how a word sounds and how a word looks.

In the vast majority of cases, you can actually just tell what looks and sounds right.

That's because you have seen it or heard it many times before.

So you should always trust your instincts when it comes to picking between two suffixes which do the same thing, ify and -ise, they both turn words into verbs.

So trust your instincts when you're picking between them.

"The school needs to advert its summer fair." Now, obviously that doesn't make sense currently.

So we need to turn that noun, advert, into a verb.

We have two options, advertify, advertise.

"The school needs to advert its summer fair." We've got advertify, advertise.

Pause the video and have a think.

Okay, the correct verb is advertise.

"The school needs to advertise its summer fair." Next sentence.

"The strange looking plant was hard to class." Now, class is not a verb.

So we're going to need to do something to this.

We have two options, classify and classise, classify and classise.

"The strange looking plant was hard to.

." Pause the video and have a go.

Okay, "The strange looking plant was hard to classify." Now, this is a really interesting one because you might have noticed that the root word class, I pronounce differently to the verb it turns into, classify.

Now this is very dependent on where you come from.

Some people pronounce class as class, in which case, turning into classify doesn't seem like a big deal.

But for me, because I pronounce it class, when I add the -ify suffix, suddenly classify, it sounds a lot different.

It really just depends on where you come from.

And it doesn't really matter.

There's no right way of pronouncing it.

"One day, people might colony an uninhabited planet." "One day, people might colony an uninhabited planet." So we have two options.

We have colonify and colonise.

Now, the correct verb means to take over.

So if you take something over and make it your own and settle there and inhabit it, which means to start living there, that's what this verb means.

A colony is a group of people who have done this.

So we're looking for the correct option of these two.

This is a tricky one.

Pause the video now and have a go.

Okay, "One day, people might "colonise an uninhabited planet." Next sentence.

"Please note me when you've finished." Okay, we have two options.

We have notify and notise.

Now, this verb means to let somebody know about something.

So we're asking in this instance, somebody to let us know when they're finished.

Pause the video and have a go.

Okay, "Please notify me when you've finished." Okay, time to set our spelling words.

Now, this is the list of this week's spelling words, which you're going to need to write down very, very carefully.

When thinking about our spelling words, it's very important we understand what each of them means.

So I'm going to read them all out loud and put them in a sentence.

I'm also going to give you a definition for any of those words I think that need definition.

Now, remember these are all verbs.

So they're all doing or being words.

And therefore, they perform the same function in a sentence, which you're about to see.

The first word is purify.

Now, if you purify something, you make it clean.

You make it pure, so the root word of purify is pure.

They had to purify the water before they could drink it.

The next word is notify, notify.

This comes from the root word note.

We just looked at this.

This means to let somebody know about something.

Make sure you notify the chief about the new baby.

Number three is modify, modify.

Now, modify means to change something, to alter it slightly.

If you modify your car, you change your car slightly.

I want to modify my boat so it's faster.

Intensify, intensify.

The word intensify comes from the root word intense.

If you intensify something, you make it more intense.

Film directors use music to intensify the mood.

So they make it more full-on and intense and serious.

Solidify, solidify.

Solidify comes from the root word solid.

If you solidify something, you make it solid.

If you want to solidify water, put it in the freezer.

Apologise, apologise.

To apologise is to say sorry for something.

It comes from the root word apology.

She felt like her grandfather should apologise to her.

Capitalise, capitalise.

Capitalise is an interesting one.

It comes from the root word capital and it has two meanings.

In the first instance, you can use the word capitalise to describe making something capital.

So a letter for example, or a city.

If you capitalise a letter, you turn it into a capital letter.

If you capitalise a city, you turn it into a capital city.

Now, probably more common than that is the usage which means to make the most of.

So if you capitalise on a situation, you make the most of it.

Let's capitalise on the break in the storm.

So imagine you're out for a walk in the countryside, and suddenly, there's a storm and you hide under a tree.

Well, you're stuck there until the storm stops.

Suddenly, there's a break in the storm and somebody might say, "Let's capitalise on the break in the storm." And maybe that means make the most of it by rushing out to the nearest pub so you can have a lovely lunch or rushing back to your car while it stopped raining.

Energise, energise.

We have to do something to energise the rest of the village.

Energise comes from the root word energy.

So if you energise something or someone or a situation, you give it a bit more energy.

If you need to energise a class, you kind of gee them up, and you get them excited, and you get them going.

In this instance, we have to do something to energise the rest of the village.

We're trying to get the rest of the village to have a bit more energy about something.

Vocalise, vocalise.

Vocalise comes from the root word vocal.

When you vocalise something, you say it out loud.

It's as simple as that.

So if you have a thought and then you vocalise it, it means you say it out loud.

If you have something to say, vocalise it.

Advertise, advertise.

Now, advertise comes from the root word advert.

If you advertise something, you kind of show it off, and you make a big deal of it in an attempt to sell it.

This is something done often and it's all around us, normally, by companies trying to sell us things.

Companies use TV to advertise their latest products.

You might also advertise things about yourself.

So it's not always about selling things, but it is about making the most of something and showing something off.

Okay, now, remember to practise these words little and often throughout the week, that's the best approach to learning spellings.

And congratulations.

Today, we have looked at key vocabulary.

We've investigated and generated rules.

And we set our spelling words, so well done.

And that's the end of the lesson, bye.