Lesson video

Hello there, my name is Miss Couves.

What's your name? It's lovely to meet you.

I'm going to be teaching you science today.

I am so excited because science is my favourite subject.

Before I start, I thought I would show you what I have been doing during the lockdown.

I have been growing things in my garden.

Would you like to see my chilli plant? Here it is.

Can you see the flowers? That's the part that's going to turn into the chilli.

Here are some of the chilis that I picked yesterday.

Can you see that it gets red? That means that it's ripe.

I am really looking forward to trying them when I cook later.

What have you been doing during the lockdown? That sounds fun too.

Shall we get started with our lesson? Today, we are going to start by learning about the three states of matter.

Then we will look at the properties of each state of matter.

And finally, we will look at some example substances to decide which state of matter they are in.

Let's start by learning about the three states of matter.

There are three states of matter.

Solids, like the lemon that I have here, liquids, like the water in my glass, and gases, like the air around me.

They look different, and they behave in different ways because the three states of matter all have different properties.

Pause the video and write down the name of the three states of matter.

Press play when you're ready to continue.

The three states of matter are solids, liquids, and gases.

Let's look at the properties of our three states of matter.

What were the three states of matter? The three states of matter are solids, liquids, and gases.

We are going to record the properties of solids, liquids, and gases in a table.

Pause the video now to draw this table into your notes.

Press play when you're ready to find out about the properties of solids, liquids, and gases.

Find the solids column in your table.

There are three main properties of solids.

They cannot be compressed, which means squashed, they do not flow, and they have a fixed shape.

Let's have a look at the properties of solids.

This is my solid.

The example solid I'm using is this lemon.

The first thing I said about solids is that they cannot be compressed.

If you can compress something, it means you can squash it.

If I tried to squash the lemon in my hand, it doesn't change shape.

It can't be squashed.

What's the scientific word for squashed? The scientific word for squashed is compressed.

The second property of solids is that they cannot flow.

My lemon does not flow.

The final property of solid is that they keep their shape when they're placed into a container.

This is my container.

When I put my lemon into the container, the lemon stays the same shape.

Pause the video and write down the three properties of solids in your table.

Press play when you're ready to hear about liquids.

Liquids also cannot be compressed.

Liquids can flow, and they can take the shape of the bottom of their container.

It's a bit difficult for me to show you that liquids can't be compressed, so you're going to have to believe me that they can't be compressed.

However, we can see that liquids can flow.

When I pour my liquid from one container into the other, can you see that it's flowing over the top? Liquids like water can flow.

Let's have a look at what happens when I pour my liquid from one container to another.

Can you see that my liquid changes shape so it fills the bottom of the container? Can you remember the three properties of liquids? The three properties of liquids are they cannot be compressed, they can flow, and they take the shape of the bottom of their container.

Pause the video and complete your table for liquids.

Press play when you're ready to find out about gases.

Gases, like the air around me, can be compressed, they can flow, and they fill the shape of the container.

It's much harder for me to show you the properties of gases, but I can show you some of them.

I've got this empty water bottle here.

Oh, some old water coming out.

When I put the lid on my water bottle, the water bottle is filled with gas.

What's the gas the water bottle is filled with? The gas the water bottle is filled with is air.

If I turn the lid on really tight, my water bottle, which is full with air, can be compressed.

Can you see that I'm able to squash the water bottle? That's because the gas that is inside the water bottle can be compressed.

There are two other properties of gases.

Gases can be compressed, they can flow, and they can fill the shape of their container.

Pause the video and complete your table with the properties of gases.

Press play when you're ready to check your table.

Pause the video to tick or fix your answers.

Solids are not compressible, they cannot flow, and they do not change their shape when they're placed in a container.

A liquid cannot be compressed, but it can flow, and it takes the shape of the bottom of their container.

A gas is compressible, it can flow, and it fills the container.

Press play when you're ready to continue.

Now let's look at some examples.

For each of these substances, I want you to think about whether it is a solid, a liquid, or a gas.

I am not compressible, but I can flow.

What am I? What do you think? Use your table to check the properties of solids, liquids, and gases.

This example is a liquid because it cannot be compressed but it can flow.

I am compressible, and I can flow.

What am I? This is an example of a gas because gases can be compressed and they can flow.

I am not compressible, and I have a fixed shape.

What am I? This is an example of a solid because solids cannot be compressed and they have a fixed shape.

I take the shape of the bottom of the container I am in.

What am I? That's right, a liquid.

A liquid takes the shape of the bottom of its container.

I completely fill whatever container I am in.

What am I? This is an example of a gas.

Gases fill the containers that they are in.

Now you're going to have a go at looking at some examples of your own.

The examples you have are water in a glass, air in a balloon, and a wooden block.

You need to decide if these are solids, liquids, or gases, and explain why.

Pause the video to copy and complete the table.

Press play when you're ready to continue.

Water in a glass is a liquid.

It's a liquid because it can flow and take the shape of the bottom of its container.

Air in a balloon is a gas because it can flow and fill the container.

A wooden block is a solid because it always keeps the same shape.

Pause the video to tick or fix your answers.

You have worked so hard today learning about the three states of matter.

Can you remember what they are? Solids, liquids, and gases.

Remember to show off all your new knowledge in the quiz.

See you next time.