Diamond and graphite
I can describe the properties of diamond and graphite and explain how they result from their giant covalent structures, as well as relate them to their uses.
Diamond and graphite
I can describe the properties of diamond and graphite and explain how they result from their giant covalent structures, as well as relate them to their uses.
These resources will be removed by end of Summer Term 2025.
Lesson details
Key learning points
- In diamond each carbon atom is bonded to four others with strong covalent bonds to form a giant covalent structure.
- Diamond is very hard, has a very high melting point and does not conduct electricity (makes it good for cutting tools).
- In graphite, each carbon atom is covalently bonded to three others to form layers of hexagonal rings.
- There are only weak forces between the layers in graphite which can easily be rubbed apart (makes it a good lubricant).
- Graphite conducts electricity because it has delocalised electrons which can move and carry charge/current.
Keywords
Allotrope - A different structural form of an element, e.g. graphite and diamond are allotropes of carbon.
Giant covalent - A large regular arrangement of atoms all joined together by covalent bonds.
Forces of attraction - Forces of attraction refer to any force that causes two or more substances to come together.
Delocalised - Particles are said to be delocalised when they are free to move through a structure (delocalised electrons can carry an electrical current).
Common misconception
Students may think all carbon forms are alike, ignoring structure's impact on properties.
Emphasise structure-property relationships. Use models to show how diamond's and graphite's differing bonds affect their characteristics.
To help you plan your year 10 chemistry lesson on: Diamond and graphite, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...
To help you plan your year 10 chemistry lesson on: Diamond and graphite, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs.
The starter quiz will activate and check your pupils' prior knowledge, with versions available both with and without answers in PDF format.
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Explore more key stage 4 chemistry lessons from the Chemistry of carbon unit, dive into the full secondary chemistry curriculum, or learn more about lesson planning.
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Lesson video
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Starter quiz
6 Questions
covalent
giant covalent
high melting and boiling points
large 3D lattice