New
New
Year 10
Edexcel
Higher

Chemical reactions of acids with metals and metal carbonates

I can write balanced equations for acid – metal reactions, as well as acid - metal carbonate reactions, and predict the names and states of products.

New
New
Year 10
Edexcel
Higher

Chemical reactions of acids with metals and metal carbonates

I can write balanced equations for acid – metal reactions, as well as acid - metal carbonate reactions, and predict the names and states of products.

Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. metal + acid ⭢ salt + hydrogen; metal carbonate + acid → salt + water + carbon dioxide
  2. The test for hydrogen gas is to introduce a lighted splint, which will make a squeaky pop in hydrogen.
  3. The name of a salt formed is dependent on the acid used.
  4. (s), (l), (g), (aq) in chemical equations identify the state of substances as solid, liquid, gas or in aqueous solution.
  5. Carbon dioxide can be bubbled through limewater, which turns cloudy (test for CO₂).

Common misconception

Pupils often forget that gases are produced when metals and metal carbonates react with acids.

Emphasise the tests for the gases as a way to remember that they are produced. Writing balanced symbol equations also helps as the pupils can see what elements would be present in the products formed.

Keywords

  • Balanced equation - This describes a reaction using a symbol equation with coefficients which ensure there are equal numbers of atoms of each element on both sides of the symbol equation.

  • State symbol - These are used in chemical equations to indicate the physical state of a substance.

Look for patterns from in the groups of the metals on the periodic table when balancing symbol equations. Lots of practise is needed to ensure that pupils have learnt the necessary list of key ions. Quick checks and 'ions bingo' can be fun ways to secure this learning.
Teacher tip

Content guidance

  • Risk assessment required - equipment

Supervision

Adult supervision required

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

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6 Questions

Q1.
What is the general reaction of an acid with a metal?
metal + acid → base + water
Correct answer: metal + acid → salt + hydrogen
metal + acid → salt + water
metal + acid → water + hydrogen
Q2.
What is the pH range of acids?
Correct answer: 0-6
0-7
7-14
8-14
Q3.
Which ion is found in acidic solutions?
Cl⁻
Correct answer: H⁺
Na⁺
OH⁻
Q4.
Which ion is found in alkaline solutions?
Cl⁻
H⁺
K⁺
Correct answer: OH⁻
Q5.
What is the difference between a base and an alkali?
A base is always acidic.
A base is a solid and an alkali is a liquid.
Correct answer: An alkali is a base that dissolves in water.
There is no difference.
Q6.
What is the product when an acid reacts with a base?
salt and carbon dioxide
salt and hydrogen
Correct answer: salt and water
water and carbon dioxide

6 Questions

Q1.
What are the products of a reaction between a metal carbonate and an acid?
hydrogen and oxygen
Correct answer: salt, water, and carbon dioxide
salt and hydrogen
salt and water
Q2.
What is the test for carbon dioxide gas?
Correct answer: bubbling through limewater turns it cloudy white
glowing splint relights
lighted splint makes a 'pop' sound
limewater turns clear
Q3.
Which compounds have the correct chemical formulae for carbonates?
CaCO₃, Na₂CO₂, MgCO₃
Correct answer: CaCO₃, Na₂CO₃, MgCO₃
CaCO₃, NaCO₃, Mg(CO₃)₂
CaCO₄, Na₂CO₄, MgCO₃
Q4.
What is the chemical formula for the metal salt formed when strontium carbonate (SrCO₃) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) react together?
Sr(HCO₃)₂
Correct answer: SrCl₂
SrCO₃
SrO
Q5.
What is the correct word equation for the test for carbon dioxide gas?
carbon dioxide + limewater → calcium bicarbonate + water
Correct answer: carbon dioxide + limewater → calcium carbonate + water
carbon dioxide + limewater → calcium carbonate + oxygen
carbon dioxide + water → carbonic acid
Q6.
What is the correct symbol equation for the test for carbon dioxide gas?
CO₂ + Ca(HCO₃)₂ → CaCO₃ + H₂O
CO₂ + CaO → CaCO₃ + O₂
Correct answer: CO₂ + Ca(OH)₂ → CaCO₃ + H₂O
CO₂ + H₂O → H₂CO₃