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Year 10
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Higher

Bonding, structure and properties

I can explain how bonding, structure and properties are linked together and answer related long answer questions.

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Year 10
OCR
Higher

Bonding, structure and properties

I can explain how bonding, structure and properties are linked together and answer related long answer questions.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. There are three different types of bonding (covalent, ionic, metallic).
  2. There are only two types of structure (simple and giant).
  3. The type of bonding and structure are what lead to properties of substances.
  4. Melting/boiling points are linked to intermolecular forces (simple) and bond strength (giant).
  5. Conductivity is linked to whether there are free moving charge carriers.

Keywords

  • Bonding - Refers to the force of attraction between atoms or ions that hold them together.

  • Force of attraction - Refers to any force that causes two or more substances to come together.

  • Structure - Structures in chemistry are determined by the type of bonding and arrangement of atoms or ions.

  • Property - A feature or characteristic of a substance that can be used to classify it, or describe how it behaves.

  • Charge carrier - Particles that enable electrical conductivity, such as delocalised electrons or free–moving ions.

Common misconception

Ionic substances are binary compounds. Bonding and structure are the same thing. Only bonding influences properties.

As well as multiple ions in ionic substances, there can be polyatomic ions too. Bonding informs structure, and bonding and structure together influences properties.

Use visual aids and real-life examples to explain bonding types and structures. Incorporate hands-on activities like model building and online simulations to enhance understanding. Connect lessons to the periodic table to show how element properties influence bonding.
Teacher tip

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Starter quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
Why do atoms form bonds?
To increase their energy.
To decrease their temperature.
Correct answer: To attain a stable electron configuration.
To increase their size.
Q2.
Match the type of bonding to its description:
Correct Answer:covalent,Electrons are shared between atoms.

Electrons are shared between atoms.

Correct Answer:ionic,Electrons are transferred, so charged ions, not atoms, are bonded.

Electrons are transferred, so charged ions, not atoms, are bonded.

Correct Answer:metallic,Electrons are delocalised among a lattice of metal ions.

Electrons are delocalised among a lattice of metal ions.

Q3.
What type of bonding can be found between non–metal atoms?
Correct answer: covalent
ionic
metallic
Q4.
From the diagrams below, select the image depicting a substance with ionic bonding.
A
Correct answer: B
C
Q5.
What is a key characteristic of metallic bonding?
The sharing of electron pairs equally between atoms.
The complete transfer of electrons between atoms to form charged ions.
Correct answer: The pooling of electrons in a 'sea' around a network of ions.
The presence of a dipole moment due to unequal electron sharing.
Q6.
Which of the following substances would you expect to conduct electricity when solid?
sodium chloride
Correct answer: iron
carbon dioxide
Correct answer: graphite

Exit quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
Match the following terms to the correct definition.
Correct Answer:bonding,A force of attraction between atoms or ions that holds them together.

A force of attraction between atoms or ions that holds them together.

Correct Answer:property,A characteristic of a substance describing how it appears and behaves.

A characteristic of a substance describing how it appears and behaves.

Correct Answer:charge carrier,Particles that enable electrical conductivity.

Particles that enable electrical conductivity.

Correct Answer:structure,The arrangement of particles in a substance.

The arrangement of particles in a substance.

Q2.
The two types of structure are simple and .
Correct Answer: giant
Q3.
Which of the following terms can be used to describe substances that have a full outer shell of electrons?
Correct answer: inert
reactive
Correct answer: stable
unstable
Q4.
Why do simple molecular substances have low boiling points?
The covalent bonds between the atoms are weak.
Correct answer: The forces of attraction between molecules are weak.
The ionic bonds between the ions are weak.
The intramolecular bonds between the atoms are weak.
Q5.
The presence of which of the following allows conductivity in a substance?
Correct answer: delocalised electrons
Correct answer: free–moving ions
a full outer shell of electrons
ions in fixed positions
Q6.
Match the following structures to the type of bonding.
Correct Answer:covalent,simple or giant molecular structures

simple or giant molecular structures

Correct Answer:ionic,giant lattice structure

giant lattice structure

Correct Answer:metallic,layers of positive ions in a 'sea' of delocalised electrons

layers of positive ions in a 'sea' of delocalised electrons