New
New
Year 11
AQA
Foundation

Electrolysis: purifying copper

I can investigate what happens when a solution of copper sulfate is electrolysed with copper electrodes.

New
New
Year 11
AQA
Foundation

Electrolysis: purifying copper

I can investigate what happens when a solution of copper sulfate is electrolysed with copper electrodes.

Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Purification of copper involves using copper electrodes in an electrolyte.
  2. The electrolyte must contain the same ions, in solution, as the metal being purified by electrolysis.
  3. Measuring the mass change in the copper electrodes demonstrates the transfer of copper.
  4. Impurities in the anode do not transfer to the cathode, leading to pure copper deposition.
  5. Other uses for this technique include electroplating, where you would use multiple metals e.g. gold.

Common misconception

Pupils do not always appreciate the difference between using inert carbon electrodes and metal electrodes, which will take part in the reaction.

Provide pupils with the opportunity to investigate the electrolysis of copper sulfate with both inert electrodes and with copper electrodes and then compare the results.

Keywords

  • Pure - a single element or compound that is not mixed with any other substance

  • Anode - a positively charged electrode, in an electrolysis cell, to which the anions are attracted

  • Cathode - a negatively charged electrode, in an electrolysis cell, to which the cations are attracted

  • Electrolyte - a liquid or an aqueous salt solution that contains freely moving ions

  • Electroplating - a process that uses electricity to deposit a thin layer of metal onto the surface of another conductive object

Provide opportunities for pupils to apply their understanding of working with metal electrodes to different situations, such as electroplating a range of different metals.
Teacher tip

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

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6 Questions

Q1.
Which electrode is positively charged in an electrolysis cell?
Correct answer: anode
cathode
electrolyte
circuit
Q2.
What is the role of the anode in an electrolysis cell?
Correct answer: to attract negative ions
to attract positive ions
to conduct electricity
to gain electrons
Q3.
What happens to negative ions during electrolysis?
They gain electrons at the anode
Correct answer: They lose electrons at the anode
They gain electrons at the cathode
They remain in the electrolyte
Q4.
What happens to positive ions during electrolysis?
Correct answer: They gain electrons at the cathode.
They lose electrons at the anode.
They remain in the solution.
They are converted to gas.
Q5.
What is produced at the cathode during the electrolysis of copper sulfate solution using copper electrodes?
copper ions
oxygen gas
Correct answer: pure copper
water
Q6.
Why must the electrolyte contain the same ions as the metal being purified?
to increase the conductivity
Correct answer: to ensure effective transfer of metal ions
to prevent the formation of gases
to keep the electrolyte balanced

6 Questions

Q1.
What is the main purpose of using electrolysis in copper purification?
to dissolve impurities
to produce oxygen gas
Correct answer: to deposit pure copper at the cathode
Q2.
What happens to the mass of the anode during copper purification by electrolysis?
Correct answer: It decreases as copper ions move into the electrolyte.
It increases as copper ions are deposited.
It remains the same.
Q3.
What is a common application of electrolysis besides purification?
crystallisation
Correct answer: electroplating
filtration
Q4.
What happens to impurities in the anode during copper purification?
They deposit on the cathode.
They dissolve in the electrolyte.
Correct answer: They form a residue in the electrolyte solution.
Q5.
To electroplate a bracelet using silver, the anode is...
the bracelet.
the electrolyte.
Correct answer: the silver electrode.
Q6.
Which of the following are benefits of electroplating?
increased solubility of the material
decreased electrical conductivity
Correct answer: improved appearance and durability of the surface
lower production cost of the material