New
New
Year 10
OCR
Foundation

Errors in cell division and cancer: basics

I can describe cancer, including benign and malignant tumours, and identify potential risk factors for cancer.

New
New
Year 10
OCR
Foundation

Errors in cell division and cancer: basics

I can describe cancer, including benign and malignant tumours, and identify potential risk factors for cancer.

Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Cancer is caused by uncontrolled cell growth and division which can lead to the formation of tumours.
  2. Not all tumours are cancerous; they can be benign or malignant.
  3. Benign tumours are usually contained within one area and do not invade surrounding tissues.
  4. Malignant tumours are cancerous, they invade surrounding tissues and can cause secondary tumours.
  5. Scientists have identified lifestyle and genetic factors that can increase the risk of developing cancer.

Keywords

  • Mitosis - A type of cell division that produces genetically identical cells.

  • Genes - Short sections of DNA that code for a specific characteristic or protein.

  • Tumour - A mass of cells that has been produced through uncontrolled cell division.

  • Benign - A tumour that is non-cancerous and contained to one area.

  • Malignant - A tumour that is cancerous and can spread.

Common misconception

Pupils may think that all tumours are cancerous and dangerous.

Pupils are given very clear examples of the difference between benign and malignant tumours. The difference between the two is covered in the slide deck, check for understanding questions and practice tasks.

When covering the information on BRCA genes towards the end of the lesson, it is good to remind pupils about genes regulating the cell cycle which is covered at the start of the lesson.
Teacher tip

Equipment

None required.

Content guidance

  • Depiction or discussion of sensitive content
  • Depiction or discussion of mental health issues

Supervision

Adult supervision required

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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6 Questions

Q1.
What is a gene?
A biological catalyst.
Correct answer: A short section of DNA.
A sub-cellular structure which surrounds the cell.
Q2.
What process is used to create new cells for growth and repair in multicellular organisms?
meiosis
Correct answer: mitosis
fertilisation
Q3.
What does obese mean?
very underweight
Correct answer: very overweight
healthy weight
Q4.
Which of the following is not a lifestyle factor?
drinking alcohol
smoking
Correct answer: genetic disease
using sunbeds
Q5.
If smoking is a risk factor for developing lung cancer, which statement is true?
Everyone who smokes will develop lung cancer.
People who smoke have the same risk as non-smokers for developing lung cancer.
Correct answer: People who smoke increase their chance of developing lung cancer.
Q6.
is a chemical substance that carries the genetic information.
Correct Answer: DNA, dna, d n a , D N A

6 Questions

Q1.
What are tumours and cancer caused by?
Correct answer: uncontrolled cell division
cell division suddenly stopping
Correct answer: changes to the DNA of cells
the nucleus of cells dividing
Q2.
Which statements are usually true for benign tumours?
Correct answer: slow growing
invade surrounding tissue
cancerous
Correct answer: contained within a membrane
Q3.
Which type of tumour is shown below?
An image in a quiz
Correct answer: malignant tumour
benign tumour
Q4.
Match the lifestyle risk factor to the type of cancer is is linked to.
Correct Answer:UV radiation,skin cancer

skin cancer

Correct Answer:viral infection,cervical and liver cancers

cervical and liver cancers

Correct Answer:smoking,lung, mouth, bowel, stomach and cervical cancers

lung, mouth, bowel, stomach and cervical cancers

Correct Answer:obesity,bowel, liver and kidney cancers

bowel, liver and kidney cancers

Q5.
Other than lifestyle factors, risk factors for cancer can also be associated with ...
Correct Answer: genetics, genes, gene, genetic
Q6.
Which statements explain why viral infections can be considered lifestyle factors?
Correct answer: HPV and Hepatitis B and C can be spread through unprotected sex.
Hepatitis B and C can be caused by drinking alcohol.
Correct answer: Hepatitis B and C can be spread through sharing needles.
HPV can be caused by recreational drug use.
Q3 Pikovit/Shutterstock