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Year 10
Edexcel
Higher

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes

I can describe the causes and treatments for type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

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New
New
Year 10
Edexcel
Higher

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes

I can describe the causes and treatments for type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Download all resources
Share activities with pupils

Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. The hormone insulin helps to control blood sugar level in the human body.
  2. Insulin is secreted by cells in a gland called the pancreas.
  3. People living with diabetes have problems with controlling their blood sugar level.
  4. The cause and treatments for type 1 diabetes.
  5. The cause and treatments for type 2 diabetes.

Common misconception

Type 1 diabetes is caused by lifestyle, particularly poor diet.

The slide deck states that type 1 diabetes is caused by genes or environmental factors and there is a question in task A to assess this. In contrast there is a big focus on lifestyle and obesity being linked to developing type 2 diabetes.

Keywords

  • Hormone - a chemical substance produced by a gland that travels in the bloodstream to a specific organ

  • Insulin - a hormone secreted by the pancreas when blood glucose is too high, lowering blood glucose levels

  • Gland - an organ or tissues that produces and secretes substances, such as hormones

  • Pancreas - a glandular organ in the body that detects changes in blood glucose concentration and secretes insulin

  • Diabetes - a condition in which the body is unable to regulate blood glucose concentration

At the end of the third learning cycle there are a few slides to compare type 1 and 2 diabetes; this is a good opportunity to bring together all the learning in the lesson and check for understanding and giving the big picture.
Teacher tip

Equipment

None required.

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Video

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Starter quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
Which organ in the body detects changes in blood glucose levels?
liver
stomach
Correct answer: pancreas
small intestine
Q2.
Name the hormone that is secreted if blood glucose levels are too high.
glucagon
glycogen
Correct answer: insulin
starch
Q3.
Match each word to the correct definition.
Correct Answer:hormone,a chemical substance, produced by a gland, that travels in the blood

a chemical substance, produced by a gland, that travels in the blood

Correct Answer:gland,an organ or tissue that produces and secretes substances

an organ or tissue that produces and secretes substances

Correct Answer:glucose,a sugar that travels in the blood and used for respiration

a sugar that travels in the blood and used for respiration

Correct Answer:glycogen,a stored form of glucose found in liver and muscle cells

a stored form of glucose found in liver and muscle cells

Q4.
What are carbohydrates broken down into during digestion?
amino acids
fatty acids
enzymes
Correct answer: sugars
Q5.
Which of the following cause an increase in blood glucose concentration?
exercising
Correct answer: eating a meal
fasting
Q6.
What changes does insulin bring about in the body?
glucose stops being absobed by the liver
Correct answer: more glucose is absorbed by the liver and stored as glycogen
blood glucose concentration increases
Correct answer: blood glucose concentration decreases

Exit quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
Which disease is associated with uncontrolled blood glucose regulation?
asthma
Huntingdon's
Correct answer: diabetes
high blood pressure
Q2.
Put these statements in order to show how the body regulates blood glucose levels.
1 - Pancreas detects high blood glucose levels.
2 - Insulin is secreted into the blood plasma.
3 - Liver and muscle cells absorb glucose and covert it to stored glycogen.
4 - Blood glucose levels decrease back to normal.
Q3.
Which are true for type 1 diabetes?
linked to obesity
Correct answer: usually presents in childhood and teenage years
Correct answer: associated with genes and environmental factors
usually presents in adulthood
Q4.
What is the treatment for type 1 diabetes?
injections with glucagon
Correct answer: injections with insulin
lose weight and exercise more
Q5.
Which statements are true for type 2 diabetes?
Correct answer: The pancreas secretes sufficient amounts of insulin.
Too much glucose is converted to glycogen.
Correct answer: Cells do not respond to insulin.
Correct answer: It is linked with obesity.
Q6.
Before using medication what is the treatment for type 2 diabetes?
Correct answer: weight loss through low carbohydrate diet
Correct answer: regular exercise
weight loss through high carbohydrate diet
vitamin supplementation