New
New
Year 10
Edexcel
Higher

Ionic equations: salt formation

I can write balanced ionic equations for the formations of salts, including the ionic equation for water formation (neutralisation) and state symbols.

New
New
Year 10
Edexcel
Higher

Ionic equations: salt formation

I can write balanced ionic equations for the formations of salts, including the ionic equation for water formation (neutralisation) and state symbols.

Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. A chemical equation is used to represent the chemical reaction that occurs during the formation of a compound.
  2. Ionic equations can be used to show only the chemical species that are changing within a reaction.
  3. State symbols (s), (l), (g) and (aq), are used in ionic equations to show which substances change.
  4. The ionic equation for water formation (neutralisation) is H⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq) → H2O(l).

Common misconception

Ionic equations only include ions involved in the reaction, not all ions in the reaction mixture.

Stress the difference between reacting ions and spectator ions.

Keywords

  • State symbol - used in chemical equations to indicate the physical state of a substance

  • Ionic equation - a balanced equation showing all the ions involved in a reaction

  • Spectator ion - ions not involved in a chemical reaction

  • Oxidation - a type of reaction in which a substance gains oxygen or loses electrons

  • Reduction - a type of reaction in which a substance loses oxygen or gains electrons

Plenty of practice is needed when writing ionic equations. Ensure pupils are confident in writing ions and chemical formulae before you start.
Teacher tip

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

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6 Questions

Q1.
What is the chemical name for the salt CaCl$$_2$$?
calcium carbonate
Correct answer: calcium chloride
calcium hydroxide
calcium oxide
calcium sulfate
Q2.
Match the following key terms to their definitions.
Correct Answer:-ate compounds,name ending for a compound with 3 or more elements, one being oxygen

name ending for a compound with 3 or more elements, one being oxygen

Correct Answer:-ide compounds,name ending for a compound with a metal and singular non–metal

name ending for a compound with a metal and singular non–metal

Correct Answer:molecular formula,shows the actual number of atoms of each element in a compound

shows the actual number of atoms of each element in a compound

Correct Answer:symbol equation,equations using chemical formulae and state symbols

equations using chemical formulae and state symbols

Q3.
Which of the following are examples of salts with names ending with -ide?
Correct answer: CaCl$$_2$$
CaCO$$_3$$
CaSO$$_4$$
Correct answer: CaO
Q4.
Which of the following are examples of salts with names ending with -ate?
CaCl$$_2$$
CO$$_2$$
Correct answer: CaSO$$_4$$
CaO
Correct answer: CaCO$$_3$$
Q5.
What types of salts are formed when sulfuric acid reacts with a metal oxide?
a metal carbonate
a metal nitrate
a metal sulfide
Correct answer: a metal sulfate
Q6.
What types of salts are formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with a metal oxide?
a metal chlorate
Correct answer: a metal chloride
a metal hydrogen chlorate
a metal hydrogen chloride

6 Questions

Q1.
What does the subscript number 4 in H$$_2$$SO$$_4$$ represent?
4 molecules of sulfuric acid
4 atoms of sulfur and 4 atoms of oxygen
Correct answer: 4 atoms of oxygen
4 atoms of sulfur
Q2.
5Al$$_2$$(SO$$_4$$)$$_3$$ is written down as part of a balanced chemical equation. Which number is the coefficient?
the 2
the 3
the 4
Correct answer: the 5
Q3.
Potassium iodide can be represented as KI$$_{(aq)}$$ in a chemical equation. What does $$_{(aq)}$$ tell us about the potassium iodide?
It is water.
It contains water.
It can dissolve in water.
Correct answer: It is dissolved in water.
Q4.
In a solution there may be several types of ions, of which some react together and others do not. What is the name of the ions that stay in solution and do not react?
dissolved ions
observer ions
passive ions
Correct answer: spectator ions
Q5.
What is the correct ionic equation for the formation of barium sulfate?
barium chloride + sodium sulfate → barium sulfate + sodium chloride
BaCl₂ (aq) + Na₂SO₄ (aq) → BaSO₄ (s) + 2NaCl (aq)
Ba²⁺(aq)+2Cl⁻(aq)+2Na⁺(aq)+SO₄²⁻(aq) → Ba²⁺(aq)+SO₄²⁻(aq)+2Na⁺(aq)+2Cl⁻(aq)
Correct answer: Ba²⁺ (aq) + SO₄²⁻ (aq) → BaSO₄ (s)
H⁺ (aq) + OH⁻ (aq) → H₂O (l)
Q6.
Which ions react in the neutralisation reaction between sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide?
Correct answer: hydrogen ions, H$$^{+}$$
Correct answer: hydroxide ions, OH$$^{-}$$
potassium ions, K$$^{-}$$
sulfate ions, SO$$_4$$$$^{2-}$$