Measuring acceleration analysis (v=x/t, a=(v-u)/t)
I can explain how to measure acceleration accurately.
Measuring acceleration analysis (v=x/t, a=(v-u)/t)
I can explain how to measure acceleration accurately.
Lesson details
Key learning points
- A dynamics trolley has a steady acceleration down a steep ramp.
- Acceleration = change of velocity ÷ time and change in velocity = final velocity – initial velocity
- Light gates can improve accuracy of measurement of instantaneous velocity and reduces random errors.
- For a fair test, total mass of the system must be kept constant.
- A compensated ramp can counteract the effect of friction.
Common misconception
Pupils may compare the accelerations of objects on the basis of final velocities and may fail to take into account the time interval over which the change in velocity occurred.
Provide pupils with opportunity to analyse measurements of changes in velocity in which the starting velocities vary. A pair of light gates at two positions along the ramp will allow this.
Keywords
Compensated ramp - A ramp with a slope to counteract the effect of friction.
Final velocity - The final velocity of an object is the velocity it finishes with after a phase of motion.
Light gate - A light gate can be used to measure velocity. It uses an infrared beam to turn a timer on and off as an object passes through.
Repeatable - Measurements are repeatable if they are very similar when the same procedure is carried out by the same person or team.
Uniform acceleration - When the acceleration is constant, it is described as uniform acceleration.
Content guidance
- Risk assessment required - equipment
Supervision
Adult supervision required
Licence
This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).
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