New
New
Year 4

Speech first: inverted commas and punctuation rules

I can accurately punctuate a speech first sentence.

New
New
Year 4

Speech first: inverted commas and punctuation rules

I can accurately punctuate a speech first sentence.

Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Direct speech is the term used for a character speaking out loud in a text.
  2. A speech first sentence begins with a character's spoken words.
  3. Inverted commas are the punctuation marks that signal direct speech to the reader.
  4. The speech sentence spoken by a character must start with a capital letter.
  5. The reporting clause comes after the speech to show who said the speech and how.

Common misconception

Pupils may believe that both the reporting clause and the direct speech begin with a capital letter.

Emphasise that when the speech comes first, the reporting clause has no capital.

Keywords

  • Direct speech - the term used for a character speaking out loud in a text

  • Speech first sentence - a sentence that includes direct speech first before the reporting clause

  • Inverted commas - a pair of punctuation marks that signal direct speech to the reader

  • Capital letter - the upper case formation of a letter

  • Reporting clause - a clause that tells the reader who said the speech sentence and how

Use the graphic representation of the speech first sentence consistently in writing lessons to support retention.
Teacher tip

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

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6 Questions

Q1.
Which sentence has both apostrophes for contraction used correctly?
We do'nt care if it isn't ready.
We don't care if it is'nt ready.
Correct answer: We don't care if it isn't ready.
Q2.
Match the contracted form to the full form.
Correct Answer:wasn't,was not

was not

Correct Answer:won't,will not

will not

Correct Answer:would've,would have

would have

Correct Answer:weren't,were not

were not

Q3.
Which of these sentences use an apostrophe for singular possession (where one noun owns other nouns)?
Correct answer: Aisha's shoes were hurting her.
The beavers' dam was mostly underwater.
The children's work was very difficult.
Correct answer: A mouse's ears are always twitching.
Q4.
Which of these sentences use an apostrophe for plural possession (where more than one noun owns other nouns)?
Correct answer: The mice's teeth were very sharp.
The farmer's tractor was covered in mud.
Correct answer: The boys' work was beautifully presented.
The doctor's orders were ignored.
Q5.
Match the sentence to the way the apostrophe has been used.
Correct Answer:for contraction,She didn't know the answer.

She didn't know the answer.

Correct Answer:for plural possession,The teachers' meeting went on for hours.

The teachers' meeting went on for hours.

Correct Answer:for singular possession,Andeep's mum came to collect us.

Andeep's mum came to collect us.

Q6.
Which of these sentences use an apostrophe for plural possession correctly?
The garden's walls were covered in ivy.
Correct answer: The walls' bricks were old and crumbling.
Correct answer: The bricks' surfaces were rough and coarse.
The owner's opinion was all that mattered.

6 Questions

Q1.
In this sentence, which words should have inverted commas around them? What a mess cried Miss Ofoedu.
what a
Correct answer: what a mess
what a mess cried
what a mess cried Miss Ofoedu
Q2.
Which of these are the functions of the reporting clause?
Correct answer: to say who is speaking
to show the words the speaker said
Correct answer: to show how the words were said
to show where the speech begins
Q3.
Which of the following sentences are rules for using direct speech?
Correct answer: use a capital letter at the start of the speech
Correct answer: finish the speech with closing punctuation (?,!)
Correct answer: place inverted commas around the speech
always finish the speech with a comma
Q4.
Which version below uses all the correct punctuation for this sentence? Stop talking shouted the headteacher loudly.
"Stop talking! shouted the headteacher loudly."
Correct answer: "Stop talking!" shouted the headteacher loudly.
"Stop talking"! shouted the headteacher loudly.
Q5.
Match each piece of speech to the most appropriate closing punctuation to fill the gap.
Correct Answer:?,"What's wrong __________ " asked Jun kindly.

"What's wrong __________ " asked Jun kindly.

Correct Answer:!,"Shush___________" hissed Andeep with an aggressive tone.

"Shush___________" hissed Andeep with an aggressive tone.

Correct Answer:,,"We're going home ___________" sighed Jacob.

"We're going home ___________" sighed Jacob.

Q6.
Which rule has been broken in this speech first sentence? "I can't believe this" sighed Miss Ofoedu with a shake of her head.
capital letter at the start of the direct speech
full stop at the end of the reporting clause
Correct answer: closing punctuation at the end of the direct speech