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Year 9

Considering and understanding allusions in Golding's 'Lord of the Flies'

I can explain some of the allusions Golding makes in the novel and why he makes them.

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New
New
Year 9

Considering and understanding allusions in Golding's 'Lord of the Flies'

I can explain some of the allusions Golding makes in the novel and why he makes them.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Arguably, through the novel, Golding alludes to the 'Garden of Eden' story in the Bible.
  2. The Garden of Eden parable recounts the story of original sin - the idea that man is born innately sinful.
  3. Golding draws parallels between the boys' transgressions on the island and Adam and Eve's transgression in Genesis.
  4. Arguably, the "beast" inside man tempts man into sinning, thereby corrupting his virtuosity.
  5. Golding alludes to Milton’s 'Paradise Lost' by using a symbolic title that represents the concept of innate evil.

Keywords

  • Allusion - when a writer makes references to another story or text

  • Transgression - an act that goes against a rule or law

  • Virtuous - innocent and pure of heart

  • To violate - to break or fail to comply with a rule

Common misconception

Students might try to draw parallels between Jack and the snake from the Garden of Eden.

Arguably, the temptation is not Jack himself, but the savagery and evil that resides within him. It is the "beast" within him that tempts him to evil.


To help you plan your year 9 english lesson on: Considering and understanding allusions in Golding's 'Lord of the Flies', download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

You could set the Garden of Eden Bible story for extra reading.
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Teacher tip
equipment-required

Equipment

A copy of the Faber & Faber 1997 edition of 'Lord of the Flies' is essential for this lesson.

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Content guidance

  • Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering
supervision-level

Supervision

Adult supervision required

copyright

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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6 Questions

Q1.
Which of the following is arguably the central theme of 'Lord of the Flies'?
family
love
Correct answer: good vs evil
religion and faith
Q2.
What is symbolism?
a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning
the process of creating and developing characters in a story
comparing two things in order to show the difference between them
Correct answer: the use of images, words or nouns to represent abstract ideas or qualities
Q3.
Which character never surrenders to savagery in 'Lord of the Flies'?
Ralph
Piggy
Jack
Roger
Correct answer: Simon
Q4.
What is the "beast" in 'Lord of the Flies'?
a giant pig who preys on the boys
the dead body of the littlun who died in the fire
Correct answer: a figment of the boys' imaginations that represents fear
a ghost that the boys imagine haunts the island
Q5.
An is when a writer makes references to another story or text.
Correct Answer: allusion
Q6.
Someone who ends up in prison has transgressed. What might 'to transgress' mean?
to return to an earlier state of development
to show an innoce and pure heart
Correct answer: to break or fail to comply with a rule
to make reference to someone else's actions

6 Questions

Q1.
Which of the following stories does Golding allude to 'Lord of the Flies'?
Correct answer: Milton's 'Paradise Lost'
Keats' 'Lamia'
The story of David and Goliath
Correct answer: The Garden of Eden story
Q2.
Where did the concept of 'original sin' supposedly come from?
It came from the devil, Beelzebub, who fell from grace.
Correct answer: Man inherited this evil from Adam, as part of his punishment for transgressing.
Milton coined the term as part of this 'Paradise Lost' poem.
Q3.
What might the fire in Chapter 2 of 'Lord of the Flies' symbolise?
rebirth of each boy into more civilised characters
the danger of Jack, also represented by his red hair
Correct answer: the transition from paradise to hell for the island
Q4.
Who is Beelzebub?
Satan, the devil
Correct answer: one of Satan's followers
one of Christ's followers
an alternative name for Christ
Q5.
Which of the following sentences about 'Lord of the Flies' uses the word "virtuous" correctly?
Jack was virtuous when he killed the pig.
Correct answer: Despite the savagery around him, Simon remains virtuous.
Jack's mask gave him the appearance of a virtuous.
Piggy's spectacles show his virtuous nature.
Q6.
Why might Golding have chosen the title 'Lord of the Flies' and alluded to Beelzebub?
to illustrate that the pig head was a demon sent by Satan
Correct answer: to illustrate that this novel is an exploration of innate evil
to show that Jack was acting on behalf of the devil
to contrast with the novel's key theme: civilisation
Correct answer: to illustrate that the novel will be about man's fall from grace