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Year 11
AQA

Understanding gender and class through Mrs Birling in 'An Inspector Calls'

I can analyse how Priestley uses Mrs Birling’s character to explore the impact of gender and class expectations.

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New
New
Year 11
AQA

Understanding gender and class through Mrs Birling in 'An Inspector Calls'

I can analyse how Priestley uses Mrs Birling’s character to explore the impact of gender and class expectations.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Arguably, Priestley uses the characters to critique the flaws of gender and class structures in Edwardian societies.
  2. Mrs Birling embodies traditional Edwardian norms of gender and class, reinforcing societal hierarchies.
  3. It could be suggested that Mrs Birling’s response reflects her internalised patriarchal views.
  4. Mrs Birling's treatment of Eva Smith could show the prejudice of the upper class against working-class women.
  5. Single paragraph outlines are a useful planning tool for analytical writing.

Keywords

  • Patriarchy - a system where men hold more power and dominate roles in society, family, or institutions

  • Hierarchy - a system in which people or things are ranked according to their importance or status

  • Societal norms - perceived informal, mostly unwritten, rules that define acceptable and appropriate actions

  • Marginalise - to treat someone or something as if they are not important

  • Prejudice - an irrational attitude of hostility directed against an individual often due to a characteristic e.g class, gender

Common misconception

Mrs Birling is a woman and therefore she automatically shares the same struggles as Eva Smith.

While both are women, Mrs Birling's high class gives her power to uphold societal norms, whereas Eva, from a lower class, is oppressed by them.


To help you plan your year 11 english lesson on: Understanding gender and class through Mrs Birling in 'An Inspector Calls', download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

You may wish to ask students to use their single paragraph outline to write up an analytical pargraph. This could also be used as a homework task.
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Teacher tip
equipment-required

Equipment

You will need access to a copy of ‘An Inspector Calls’ by J.B. Priestley, Heinemann 2014 edition.

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Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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6 Questions

Q1.
These plot points from 'An Inspector Calls' focus on the character of Mrs Birling. Starting with the first, put them into chronological order.
1 - Mrs Birling is introduced as a confident, dismissive character.
2 - We learn Eva Smith had approached her charity for help.
3 - Mrs Birling rejects Eva’s request, believing her to be undeserving.
4 - She denies responsibility, blaming Eva for her own downfall.
5 - She is shocked to learn Eric was involved with Eva Smith.
6 - After the Inspector leaves, Mrs Birling believes the whole event was a hoax.
Q2.
Is the answer true or false? In Act 1 of 'An Inspector Calls', Mrs Birling is described as "superior" and "cold"
Correct Answer: true, t, truth, True
Q3.
In 'An Inspector Calls', at the end of Act 3, Mrs Birling claims that everyone will be “amused”. Which answer is the best explanation of this?
She is happy that they have all learnt a lesson about social responsibility.
Correct answer: It emphasises her unchanging attitude towards social responsibility.
It reveals Mr Birling’s role as a kind and compassionate member of society.
Q4.
In Act 2 of 'An Inspector Calls', how does Priestley use dramatic irony during the Inspector's interrogation of Mrs Birling?
Mrs Birling denies wrongdoing, despite the audience knowing she is responsible.
The Inspector reveals that Mrs Birling is lying about her involvement with Eva.
Correct answer: Mrs Birling heavily criticises and judges the father of Eva Smith's baby.
The audience is unaware of the Inspector's true motives.
Q5.
In 'An Inspector Calls', which of the following does Mrs Birling suggest about the father of Eva’s child?
Correct answer: He should take full responsibility and be punished.
He is innocent and should be left alone.
He was misled by Eva and should not be blamed.
Mrs Birling does not care who the father is.
Q6.
Is the answer true or false? In 'An Inspector Calls', Priestley uses the metaphor of a “wall” to symbolise how the Birlings use their power to help others.
Correct Answer: false, f, False

6 Questions

Q1.
Which word beginning with 'p' can be described as: a system where men hold more power and dominate roles in society, family, or institutions
Correct Answer: patriarchy, patriarchal , patriarch , Patriachy
Q2.
In 'An Inspector Calls', what word does Mrs Birling call Eva Smith, showing her prejudice toward the lower class?
angry
Correct answer: impertinent
insolent
inappropriate
arrogant
Q3.
Which of the following terms describes a societal structure in which people or things are ranked according to their importance or status?
prejudice
marginalisation
patriarchy
Correct answer: hierarchy
Q4.
In 'An Inspector Calls', what is one difference between Mrs Birling and Eva Smith’s experiences of gender and class?
Both women share the same social status and power.
Both women have the same opportunities in a patriarchal society.
Eva Smith has more societal influence than Mrs Birling.
Correct answer: Mrs Birling is empowered by her class status; Eva is marginalised by class.
Q5.
Match the parts of a single paragraph outline to the correct description.
Correct Answer:topic sentence,outlines argument of each paragraph
tick

outlines argument of each paragraph

Correct Answer:supporting detail,in note form and includes: methods, main and supporting quotations
tick

in note form and includes: methods, main and supporting quotations

Correct Answer:concluding sentence,summarises argument in each paragraph with a focus on writer’s purpose
tick

summarises argument in each paragraph with a focus on writer’s purpose

Q6.
In "An Inspector Calls', what does the term 'internalised patriarchal views' refer to in Mrs Birling’s treatment of Eva Smith?
her strong sense of justice
her deep respect for women
Correct answer: her adherence to societal norms
her disregard for class divisions